Role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an active component of propolis, against NAOH-induced esophageal burns in rats

Objectives: This study was evaluated to investigate the efficacy of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), which is a natural honeybee product exhibits a spectrum of biological activities including anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumoral actions, on the prevention of stricture development after esophageal caustic injuries in the rat. Methods: Thirty healthy male Wistar albino rats were utilized in this study. The rats were randomly allotted into one of three experimental groups: group A (sham) animals were uninjured. Caustic esophageal burn was created by applying 1 ml 37.5% NaOH to the distal esophagus. Group B rats were injured but untreated. Group C rats were injured and received CAPE (10 µmol/kg/day i.p. for 28 days). Efficacy of the treatment was assessed by measuring the esophageal transit time, stenosis index, histopathologic damage score and biochemically by determining tissue hydroxyproline content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities. Results: The esophageal transit time, the stenosis index, histopathologic damage score and the hydroxyproline level were significantly increased in the untreated group compared with the sham and CAPE-treated groups. Treatment with CAPE decreased tissue hydroxyproline levels, histological damage, and the stenosis index, but except the esophageal transit time. Caustic esophageal burn also increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities in the untreated group. CAPE treatments decreased the elevated lipid peroxidation and also increased the reduced antioxidant enzyme activities. In corrosive esophageal burn group with no treatment, the most consistent findings were degenerative changes and increased in submucosal collagen content, and the luminal narrowing. CAPE treatment protected esophagus. Nevertheless, there was the slight increase in submucosal collagen. Conclusions: It is concluded that CAPE has a preventive effect on the stricture development after esophageal caustic injuries in the rat. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Exercise training prevents and protects streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and beta-cell damage in rat pancreas

WOS: 000222410000001PubMed: 15240923The aim of the present study was the evaluation of possible protective effects of exercise against beta-cell damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. The animals were divided into five groups: the control group, the STZ-induced diabetes group, the STZ-induced diabetes and light-intensity exercise group, the STZ-induced diabetes and moderate-intensity exercise group, and the STZ-induced diabetes and heavy-intensity exercise group. Animals in the exercise groups were made to swim one of three exercise protocols once a day for 12 consecutive weeks. STZ was injected intraperitoneally at a single dose of 50 mg/kg for diabetes induction. Exercise training was continued for 4 weeks prior to STZ administration; these applications were continued end of the study (for 12 weeks). Erythrocyte and pancreatic tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and serum nitric oxide (NO) concentration were measured. Moreover glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also measured in pancreatic homogenates. Pancreatic beta-cells were examined by immunohistochemical methods. STZ increased lipid peroxidation and decreased the antioxidant enzyme activity significantly. Exercise, especially moderate-intensity exercise has shown protective effect probably through decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity. Islet cell degeneration and weak insulin immunohistochemical staining were observed in STZ induced diabetic rats. Increased intensity of staining for insulin and preservation of beta-cell numbers were apparent in the exercise-applied diabetic rats. Interestingly, the best result was obtained from moderate-intensity exercise. These findings suggest that exercise has a therapeutic and/or protective effect in diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress and preservation of pancreatic beta-cell integrity. (C) 2004 Tohoku University Medical Press

MENARCHE AND FIRST EMOTIONAL REACTIONS OF TURKISH ADOLESCENT

WOS: 00029750320020

Exercise training prevents and protects streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and ß-cell damage in rat pancreas

The aim of the present study was the evaluation of possible protective effects of exercise against ß-cell damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. The animals were divided into five groups: the control group, the STZ-induced diabetes group, the STZ-induced diabetes and light-intensity exercise group, the STZ-induced diabetes and moderate-intensity exercise group, and the STZ-induced diabetes and heavy-intensity exercise group. Animals in the exercise groups were made to swim one of three exercise protocols once a day for 12 consecutive weeks. STZ was injected intraperitoneally at a single dose of 50 mg/kg for diabetes induction. Exercise training was continued for 4 weeks prior to STZ administration; these applications were continued end of the study (for 12 weeks). Erythrocyte and pancreatic tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and serum nitric oxide (NO) concentration were measured. Moreover glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also measured in pancreatic homogenates. Pancreatic ß-cells were examined by immunohistochemical methods. STZ increased lipid peroxidation and decreased the antioxidant enzyme activity significantly. Exercise, especially moderate-intensity exercise has shown protective effect probably through decreasing lipid peroxidation and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity. Islet cell degeneration and weak insulin immunohistochemical staining were observed in STZ induced diabetic rats. Increased intensity of staining for insulin and preservation of ß-cell numbers were apparent in the exercise-applied diabetic rats. Interestingly, the best result was obtained from moderate-intensity exercise. These findings suggest that exercise has a therapeutic and/or protective effect in diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress and preservation of pancreatic ß-cell integrity. © 2004 Tohoku University Medical Press

Effect of working hours on behavioral problems in adolescents: a Turkish sample

Background: This study aimed to compare broad range of behavioral problems and their relations to working status of adolescents in samples of Turkish apprenticeship, technical and high schools. Method: The research was carried out on a total of 899 adolescents aged 15 to 20. The study sample was recruited from three different type of schools (High School, Technical School, Apprenticeship School), located in the city of Zonguldak, Turkey. Two questionnaires were administered to the students. First questionnaire evaluated the adolescents' sociodemographic variables, working status and working durations. Second questionnaire evaluated the behavioral problems namely Youth Self Report (YSR). Results: The majority of adolescents (75.2 %) in apprentice programs were working regularly. Compared to adolescents in high school and technical school, adolescent students in apprenticeship programs were found to have higher scores of withdrawn, somatic complaints, depression and anxiety, social problems, delinquent behaviors, internalization and externalization on the YSR. The Total Problems, Internalizing Problems, Somatic Complaints, Anxious/Depressed, Social Problems and Delinquent Behaviors scores of working adolescents were higher than nonworking adolescents. Conclusion: Compared to other schools, adolescents in apprenticeship programs were found to have higher behavioral problems. Longer working hours seems to be associated with withdrawn, somatic complaints, being anxious and depressed, social problems, delinquent behaviors, internalizing and externalization problems. We suggest that it is important to control working conditions of adolescents in order to prevent development of behavioral problems that may lead to several other health problems