ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF Irvingia gabonensis ON DIABETES INDUCED MOTOR IMPAIRMENT ON ALBINO RATS CEREBELLUM

Hyperglycemia as a life threatening disease causes motor impairments which has been ignored by researchers and clinicians. The study investigated the antidiabetic potential of Irvingia gabonensis (IG) on diabetic induced motor disorder in albino rats. Thirty rats were assigned into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Diabetes was induced by a single intra-peritoneal injection of 60 mg/kg of Streptozotocin (STZ) and confirmed after 72 hours. Blood glucose was checked at interval of 5 days for sustained hyperglycemia. Groups C, D and E were treated with100, 200 and 300 mg/kg of IG while Group F received 500 mg/kg of metformin. Motor activities were tested using string method to ascertain the role of IG on motor impairment in diabetic rats. The supernatants of homogenates were used to assay for lipid profiles namely TChol, Trig, HDL and LDL. The result showed significant decrease in TChol, LDL, triglyceride and HDL across the treated groups compared to group B (P≤0.05). Grip strength significantly decreased in group B while the extract significantly increased the grip strength in Groups C, D and E (Table 2). Limb impairment was significantly reduced in group B compared to A and increased in groups C, D and E (P≤0.05). Microscopically, group B showed structural alterations in the cerebellum with structural improvement in treated groups C, D, and E compared to group B. In conclusion, Ig have the potential to improve grip strength and limb impairment which may be useful in addressing motor complications arising from diabetes

LEAD ACETATE: A DANGEROUS ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICANT THAT IS AMELIORATED BY THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF FICUS VOGELII (FV)

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of lead toxicity on the histoarchiteture of the vagina and cervix of adult female Wistar rats and the currative role of Ficus vogelii (Fv) in lead toxicity. Methods:  The experiment lasted for a period of 21 days involving 20 adult female albino Wistar rats with an average weight of 145g. The rats were divided into five (5) groups A, B, C, D and E. A is negative control group that received normal saline, B is positive group that received lead acetate solution, C received Aqueous extract of Fv (100g/kg) and lead acetate solution, D received aqueous extract of Fv (300g/kg)  and lead acetate solution group while E received aqueous extract of Fv only. Results:  Examination of the vagina and cervix histologically revealed various damages such as, necrosis, oedema and reduction is size suspected to be as a result of lead toxicity. These changes were ameliorated by the administration of Fv extract. Exposure to lead also produced significant reduction in blood supply to the vagina and cervix which caused the mucosa to necrotize. These structural changes correlated with the level of exposure in the vagina. They were mainly oedema, necrosis and denudation of the vaginal walls. These alterations can make the vagina and cervix acidic which have been implicated as one of the cause of infertility in females. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that treatment with F. vogelii has an ameliorative effect. Peer Review History: Received 21 July 2017;   Revised 22 August; Accepted 28 August, Available online 15 September 2017 Academic Editor:  Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:        Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 4.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail:  Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected] Antonio José de Jesus Evangelista, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Brazil, [email protected] Similar Articles: TOXICITY AND ANTITRYPANOSOMAN ACTIVITY OF HEMI SYNTHESIS PRODUCTS OBTAINED FROM BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF MITRACARPUS SCABER HARVESTED SOUTH OF BENI

Effect of virgin coconut oil on the kidney of wistar rats exposed to toxic dose of paraquat

Background and objective: Paraquat toxicity to bodily organs is a public health concern, especially in climes where there no safe remedies. This study investigated the effect of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on the kidney of wistar rats exposed to toxic dose of paraquat. Materials and Methods: Four groups (A, B, C and D) of six adult wistar rats were used. Group A is the normal control. Group B rats received oral dose of 12.75mg/kg b.wt of paraquat without treatment. Groups C and D were pre-treated respectively with 5 and 10 ml/kg b.w.t of VCO before exposure to paraquat. The experiment lasted for 24 days. At the end of administration, the rats were sacrificed. The kidney was harvested for routine histology and blood was collected via cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. Results: Group B had a significant (p≤0.05) increase in mean values of potassium (5.41±0.16), urea (5.15±0.07), creatinine (59.00±8.34) and MDA (2.94±0.07) levels when compared to group A. Group D shows a significant (p≤0.05) decrease in these parameters. Except for potassium, group C also showed a decrease in the afore mentioned parameters when compared to group B. In comparison to groups B and D, C had a significant decrease in SOD (4.85±2.05). VCO preserved the kidney cortex. Conclusion: The finding of this study has shown that the toxic effects of paraquat on kidney function could be moderately reversed by phyto-oxidants present in virgin coconut oil. Thus, virgin coconut oil has anti-oxidative and nephroprotective benefits against paraquat nephrotoxicity. However, this may be dose dependent

ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF Irvingia gabonensis ON DIABETES INDUCED MOTOR IMPAIRMENT ON ALBINO RATS CEREBELLUM

International audienceHyperglycemia as a life threatening disease causes motor impairments which has been ignored by researchers and clinicians. The study investigated the antidiabetic potential of Irvingia gabonensis (IG) on diabetic induced motor disorder in albino rats. Thirty rats were assigned into 6 groups of 5 rats each. Diabetes was induced by a single intra-peritoneal injection of 60 mg/kg of Streptozotocin (STZ) and confirmed after 72 hours. Blood glucose was checked at interval of 5 days for sustained hyperglycemia. Groups C, D and E were treated with100, 200 and 300 mg/kg of IG while Group F received 500 mg/kg of metformin. Motor activities were tested using string method to ascertain the role of IG on motor impairment in diabetic rats. The supernatants of homogenates were used to assay for lipid profiles namely TChol, Trig, HDL and LDL. The result showed significant decrease in TChol, LDL, triglyceride and HDL across the treated groups compared to group B (P≤0.05). Grip strength significantly decreased in group B while the extract significantly increased the grip strength in Groups C, D and E (Table 2). Limb impairment was significantly reduced in group B compared to A and increased in groups C, D and E (P≤0.05). Microscopically, group B showed structural alterations in the cerebellum with structural improvement in treated groups C, D, and E compared to group B. In conclusion, Ig have the potential to improve grip strength and limb impairment which may be useful in addressing motor complications arising from diabetes

Case Report: Median nerve formation; an unusual position in the right upper extremity with clinical relevance

There was no direct relationship between its formation and the axillary artery. Hence, it may be not be readily compromised. The site of MN formation was in proximal relation to the insertion of the coracobrahialis. This is clinically important as it may give a reinforced innervation to the muscle and proprioceptive impulses to medial fibres of the brachialis muscle. Conversely, the MN may be compressed by the tendon of the coracobrahialis, affecting its sympathetic filaments to the brachial artery. Furthermore, when present, it may be severed during reconstructive surgeries around the mid arm as the medial intermuscular septum fades out above the insertion of the coracobrachialis muscle. This report highlights the presence of a significant anatomical variation of the median nerve with regards to its site of formation, roots morphology and distribution, as well as its arterial relations for proper planning of surgeries.Key Words: Median nerve, arterial relations, right upper extremity, Morphology