A rare case of xanthogranuloma of the stomach masquerading as an advanced stage tumor

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Xanthogranuloma of the stomach is an extremely rare disease, and this lesion has only been found to coexist with early gastric cancer in 2 cases in the literature.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report a case of xanthogranuloma of the stomach combined with early gastric cancer that mimicked an advanced stage tumor. A 65-year-old female was referred to our hospital because of epigastralgia. During a physical examination, a defined abdominal mass was palpable in the region of the left hypochondrium. Imaging studies revealed an advanced gastric cancer, which was suspected of having infiltrated the abdominal wall. Total gastrectomy and resection of the regional lymph node and abdominal wall were performed. Histopathologic examination of the resected specimen demonstrated xanthogranuloma combined with early gastric cancer.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Xanthogranuloma presenting as a form of SMT (submucosal tumor) of the stomach is an extremely rare disease, and diagnosing it preoperatively is difficult. Further accumulation and investigation of this entity is necessary.</p

Vulnerabilidad climática de Puerto Iguazú, Argentina: Camino hacia la adaptación

Las ciudades ocupan un papel vital en el combate contra el cambio climático. Su importancia como actores esenciales se basa en el hecho de que concentran gran parte de la actividad económica y se espera que alberguen a dos terceras partes de la población del planeta para mediados de siglo. En este sentido, las acciones que las ciudades pueden realizar para enfrentar este desafío son significativas. Estas acciones incluyen esfuerzos para mitigar los efectos adversos del calentamiento global, así como gestiones para protegerse y adaptarse a eventos climáticos extremos, los cuales es probable que se tornen más intensos y frecuentes en un futuro. Hasta el momento, la atención se ha volcado predominantemente hacia las grandes metrópolis, dejando a un lado las ciudades medianas y pequeñas, las cuales a menudo son las que registran los niveles de crecimiento más altos y las que carecen de recursos de diversa índole para hacer frente a este desafío. Bajo este contexto, el presente artículo se enfoca a examinar la vulnerabilidad climática de Puerto Iguazú, una ciudad argentina situada en la llamada región de la "Triple Frontera", ya que comparte límites territoriales con Ciudad del Este (Paraguay) y Foz do Iguaçu (Brasil). El análisis se base en un enfoque de métodos mixtos. En términos cuantitativos, se desarrolló un Índice de Vulnerabilidad Urbana (IVU), el cual incluye 73 indicadores económicos, sociales, físicos, climáticos y ambientales, con el propósito de cuantificar la sensitividad de la ciudad a eventos climáticos extremos, así como su capacidad para responder y adaptarse. En términos cualitativos, información derivada de entrevistas fue utilizada para complementar los hallazgos. Este estudio forma parte de la iniciativa Ciudades Resilientes al Clima (CRC) en América Latina. El artículo, en este sentido, también hace una reflexión sobre la experiencia de conducir un proyecto bajo dicha iniciativa, y sobre las lecciones que estos resultados ofrecen a otras ciudades en contextos similares en América Latina

Negative priming and occasion setting in an appetitive Pavlovian procedure

Rats received training in which two auditory target stimuli, X and Y, were signaled by two visual stimuli, A and B, and followed by food (i.e., A→X1, B→Y+). The test consisted of presentations of X and Y preceded either by the same signal as during training (same trials: A→X, B→Y) or by the alternative signal (different trials: A→Y, B→X). After 8 training sessions, the animals responded less on same trials than on different trials; this effect was significantly reduced after 24 training sessions. In two additional experiments, animals that had also experienced presentations of A and B alone, either before or during training, showed the opposite pattern of results, responding more on same trials than on different trials. These results are interpreted as being due to the interaction between the effects of occasion setting andnegative priming (see Wagner, 1981)

First narrow-band search for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars in advanced detector data

Spinning neutron stars asymmetric with respect to their rotation axis are potential sources of continuous gravitational waves for ground-based interferometric detectors. In the case of known pulsars a fully coherent search, based on matched filtering, which uses the position and rotational parameters obtained from electromagnetic observations, can be carried out. Matched filtering maximizes the signalto- noise (SNR) ratio, but a large sensitivity loss is expected in case of even a very small mismatch between the assumed and the true signal parameters. For this reason, narrow-band analysis methods have been developed, allowing a fully coherent search for gravitational waves from known pulsars over a fraction of a hertz and several spin-down values. In this paper we describe a narrow-band search of 11 pulsars using data from Advanced LIGO’s first observing run. Although we have found several initial outliers, further studies show no significant evidence for the presence of a gravitational wave signal. Finally, we have placed upper limits on the signal strain amplitude lower than the spin-down limit for 5 of the 11 targets over the bands searched; in the case of J1813-1749 the spin-down limit has been beaten for the first time. For an additional 3 targets, the median upper limit across the search bands is below the spin-down limit. This is the most sensitive narrow-band search for continuous gravitational waves carried out so far

The Beta-decay Paul Trap Mk IV: Design and commissioning

The Beta-decay Paul Trap is an open-geometry, linear trap used to measure the decays of $^8$Li and $^8$B to search for a tensor contribution to the weak interaction. In the latest $^8$Li measurement of Burkey et al. (2022), $\beta$ scattering was the dominant experimental systematic uncertainty. The Beta-decay Paul Trap Mk IV reduces the prevalence of $\beta$ scattering by a factor of 4 through a redesigned electrode geometry and the use of glassy carbon and graphite as electrode materials. The trap has been constructed and successfully commissioned with $^8$Li in a new data campaign that collected 2.6 million triple coincidence events, an increase in statistics by 30% with 4 times less $\beta$ scattering compared to the previous $^8$Li data set.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure