Pengaruh Perendaman Benih pada Berbagai Suhu Awal Air terhadap Viabilitas Benih Kayu Afrika (Maesopsis Eminii)

One of thepropagation problems in generative of umbrella treewas seed dormancy. To break the seed dormancy of umbrella tree seed, soaking at different initial temperatures of water was used. The objectives of this research were to find out the effect of initial temperature treatment to the germination percentage, the germination speed rate, and the ability to germinate, and also to find the optimum initial temperature for umbrella tree germination. The research hasstartedFebruary until May 2012 in PT. Anugerah Subur Sejahtera, Ulak Bandung Village, sub-districtofMuara Sahung, Kaur Regency, Bengkulu.This research used completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatment and 3 replications, each series of experiments used 100 seeds.The result shown that soaking treatment at different initial temperature of water has been significantly affected the germination percentage, and the umbrella tree seed without soaking gave the best result

Enhancing Teachers’ Effectiveness in Secondary Schools in Nigeria through Motivation for Education Development

The study focused on enhancing teachers’ effectiveness in secondary education through motivation. To guide the study, three research question were formulated. The descriptive survey research design was employed. The population of the study comprised 2156 teachers in all public secondary school in Ebonyi State. The sample size of 342 was selected using the multi-stage procedure. The instrument constructed was face and content validated by three experts in the Department of Educational Foundations and Science Education of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki. The reliability of the instrument was obtained using test-retest method. The instrument yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.76 using the Pearson product moment. This indicates that the instrument is reliable for use in the study. The 342 copies of questionnaire were distributed to the participant in their various schools through the help of two trained research assistants. Data collected were analyzed using frequency count and mean. Findings revealed that in-service training; regular payment of teachers’ salaries and provision of serene environment enhances teachers’ effectiveness in teaching and learning in secondary education. Recommendations were made. Teachers should be properly motivated to improve their performance in their job

High school learners' perceptions of accounting as a career path in the Mafikeng area

Summaries in English, Afrikaans and SetswanaThe study was prompted by the decline in accounting enrolments and the ongoing criticism due to learners’ poor performance in the Accounting subject in South Africa. Given the increasing need for accounting graduates and, more importantly, qualified accounting professionals, this study investigated the preconceived perceptions participating high school learners in selected schools in the Mafikeng area had about the accounting profession at the time of this study. The study drew on a rich body of existing literature and adopted the social cognitive career theory of Lent, Brown and Hackett (1994) to explore the factors influencing career interests of learners in accounting as a career path. A quantitative research approach with a survey questionnaire, framed within a positivist paradigm, was used to elicit opinions from learners. The findings revealed that work satisfaction, earnings potential, self-efficacy, personal interest, offering Accounting as a subject and having an accountant in the family are among the factors that significantly influenced participating learners’ career interests in accountingDie studie is aangespoor deur die afname in rekeningkunde-inskrywings en die deurlopende kritiek van leerders se swak prestasie in rekeningkunde in Suid-Afrika. Gegewe die toenemende behoefte vir rekeningkundegegradueerdes en, meer belangrik, gekwalifiseerde rekeningkundepraktisyns, ondersoek hierdie studie die huidige vooropgestelde persepsies wat hoërskoolleerders in Suid-Afrika van die rekeningkundige beroep het. Die studie benut die omvattende bestaande literatuur en aanvaar die sosiaal kognitiewe loopbaanteorie van Lent, Brown en Hackett (1994) om die faktore te ondersoek wat die belangstelling van leerders in rekeningkunde as 'n loopbaanrigting beïnvloed. 'n Kwantitatiewe navorsingsbenadering met 'n opnamevraelys, binne 'n positivistiese paradigma, is gebruik om menings van leerders te ontlok. Die bevindings het gewys dat werksbevrediging, verdienstepotensiaal, selfwerksaamheid, persoonlike belang, die aanbied van rekeningkunde as 'n vak en 'n rekeningkundige in die gesin van die faktore is wat leerders se loopbaanbelangstelling in rekeningkunde beduidend beïnvloed.Thutopatlisiso e tlhotlheleditswe ke kwelotlase ya ikwadiso ya dithuto tsa Palotlotlo le go kgalwa go go tswelelang pele ga tiragatso e e bokoa ya barutwana mo Palotlotlong mo Aforikaborwa. Ka ntlha ya tlhokego e e oketsegang ya dialogane tsa Palotlotlo le, sa botlhokwa tota, baporofešenale ba ba nang le borutegi jwa palotlotlo, thutopatlisiso eno e batlisisa megopolo e e gona ya ga jaana ya barutwana ba dikolo tse dikgolwane mo Aforikaborwa malebana le porofešene ya bobalatlotlo. Thutopatlisiso e dirisa letlotlo le le gona la dikwalo mme e dirisa tiori ya tselana ya tiro ya tlhaloganyo ya loago ya ga Lent, Brown le Hackett (1994) go sekaseka dintlha tse di susumetsang kgatlhego ya tselana ya tiro ya barutwana mo palotlotlong jaaka tselana ya tiro. Go dirisitswe mokgwa wa patlisiso o o lebelelang dipalopalo ka dipotsolotso tsa tshekatsheko, mme e agilwe mo mokgweng wa kelotlhoko go bona megopolo ya barutwana. Diphitlhelelo di bontsha gore go kgotsofalela tiro, kgonagalo ya letseno, go ikemela, dikgatlhego tsa sebele, go rebolelwa Palotlotlo jaaka serutwa le go nna le mmalatlotlo mo lelapeng ke dingwe tsa dintlha tse di nang le tshusumetso e kgolo mo dikgatlhegong tsa barutwana tsa tselana ya tiro mo palotlotlong.Centre for Accounting StudiesM. Phil. (Accounting Sciences

Synthesis of Advanced Hybrid Polymeric Nanomaterials and Characterization of Novel Silsesquioxanes with Desirable Superhydrophobic Coating Properties

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THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF TARGETING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (ROS) STRESS IN MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME (MDS)

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a diverse group of clonal hematologic disorders characterized by ineffective blood cell production (hematopoiesis), dysplastic (abnormal) cell morphology in one or more hematopoietic lineages, and progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The response rate to current FDA approved therapies is low and not durable. Just about 50% of MDS patients respond to these drug therapies and a majority of responders relapse within 2-3 years. Hence there is a compelling need to investigate new therapy options. We investigated the anticancer potential and possible underlying molecular mechanisms of action of a plant-derived compound, Withaferin A (WFA) in MDS. We utilized the MDS-L cell line model to test the efficacy of WFA both in vitro and in vivo. WFA exhibited potent but selective cytotoxicity to MDS-L cells as seen by a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability of these cells when treated with WFA whereas WFA had no apparent significant effect on the viability of normal primary human bone marrow cells. In addition, WFA significantly reduced engraftment of MDS-L cells in a xenotransplantation model. Through the use of microarray gene expression analysis, we identified that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated JNK/AP-1 signaling is a major pathway mediating apoptosis of MDS-L cells by WFA. Increase in ROS plays a central role in the cytotoxicity of WFA in MDS-L cells. Consistent with the finding that increase in ROS plays a central role in mediating WFA cytotoxicity in MDS-L cells, WFA did not increase ROS levels in normal bone marrow cells. Taken together, these results suggest that pharmacologic manipulation of redox biology could be exploited to selectively target malignant cells while sparing normal cells in MDS

Attitude of Students towards Teaching Profession in Nigeria: Implications for Education Development

The study was conducted to ascertain attitude of students towards teaching profession in Faculty of Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki. A sample of 300 students completed a 15 item questionnaire designed for the study the instrument was validated and the reliability calculated which was 0.92 using Pearson product moment correlation co-efficient indicating that the instrument was reliable to collect data for the study. Mean scores were used to answer the research questions. The results of the study showed that students have negative attitude towards teaching profession, that teaching is a difficult task, and teachers are not well paid compared to other professions. On the basis of the findings, it was recommended, among others, that Government should adequately fund education, there should be improvement in teacher’s salary and regular payment of salary and parent should encourage their children to study education courses. Keywords: Attitude, students, teaching professio

PRINCIPALS’ PERFORMANCE IN PROMOTING LEARNING CLIMATE IN EBONYI STATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS

This study was conducted to determine principals’ performance in promoting learning climate in Ebonyi State secondary schools. A sample of 630 teachers completed a 12-item questionnaire designed for the study. Out of 630 copies of the questionnaire distributed, 606 copies representing about 96.2% return rate were properly completed and returned. Data were analyzed using means, standard deviations and t-test statistic. The results of the study showed that principals’ performance in promoting learning climate in Ebonyi State secondary schools was effective. It was also found that there was a significant difference in the mean rating of teachers in most of the functions of principals in promoting learning climate in urban and rural secondary schools in Ebonyi State. However, there was no significant difference in the mean rating of male and female teachers in most of the functions of principals in promoting learning climate in urban and rural secondary schools in Ebonyi State. On the basis of the findings of this study, it was recommended that there should be constant appraisals of principals’ performance in promoting learning climate in secondary schools. This might motivate them to initiate programmes that could improve teaching and learning in school. Key words: performance, promoting, learning, climat

Principals’ Performance in Supervision of Classroom Instruction in Ebonyi State Secondary Schools

Effective principals use a variety of techniques to develop productive climates and to motivate students’ learning. One of such techniques for effective classroom management is supervision of instruction. This study was therefore conducted to ascertain principals’ performance in supervision of classroom instruction in Ebonyi State secondary schools. A sample of 360 teachers completed a 12-item questionnaire designed for the study. Data were analysed using mean, standard deviation and t-test statistics. The results of the study showed that the principals’ performance in supervision of classroom instruction in secondary schools in Ebonyi State was effective. It was also found that there was a significant difference in the performance of principals in most of the instructional leadership functions in secondary schools in Ebonyi State based on location of schools, but there was no significant difference in the performance principals in most of the instructional leadership functions in secondary school in Ebonyi State based on gender. On the basis of the findings of this study, it was recommended among others; that principals as instructional leaders should give supervision of classroom instruction the place it deserves in their work. Key words: Principal’s performance, Supervision, Classroom, Instructio

Cameroon: Flawed Decentralization and the Politics Of Identity in the Urban Space

Urban governance policies in Cameroon within the past two decades of political and economic liberalization have witnessed significant administrative and political setbacks While the government of Cameroon tacitly embraced decentralization as a viable administrative and political strategy for improving the management of cities the process has been stalled by excessive state interventionism This paper draws on the decentralization experience of the coastal city of Limbe in the southwest region of Cameroon to analyze the emerging trajectories of conflict embedded in the current decentralization drive of city governance Based on interviews of some municipal officials conducted in May and June 2011 this paper makes the case that the current urban governance crisis in Cameroon is traceable largely to the weak political impulse of central government to effectively relinquish its traditional grip on power at all levels of society This partly explains why cities in Cameroon have failed to deliver expected services to their clientele the population on a regular and efficient manne