The effectiveness of a Training Program based on the Pivotal Response to reduce aggressive behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder

Introduction: Children with autism spectrum disorder suffer from behavioral problems represented by aggressive behavior towards themselves and others, which leads to their isolation and their inability to integrate into society and the surrounding environment. Therefore, the study aimed to pre-test pare a training program based on the pivotal response in reducing the aggressive behavior of children with autism spectrum disorder. And verify its effectiveness in the pre-test  and post-test and delayed  test Methodology: The study used the semi-experimental approach by adopting quantitative design. To achieve the objectives of the study, aggressive behavior scale and training program were used. The sample of the study consisted of 30 children of autism spectrum disorder, who were randomly assigned to two control groups, and it consisted of 15 children and experiments and consisted of 15 children, The scale was applied to them, and appropriate statistical analyzes were performed. The quantitative results were extracted through the multiple variance analysis test, the accompanying analysis of variance test, and the single analysis of variance test Results: The results showed the effectiveness of the training program in reducing aggressive behavior. The results also resulted in statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) between the mean scores of the members of the control and experimental groups in the pre-test and post-test on the aggressive behavior scale in favor of the experimental group, and also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) among the average scores of the experimental group members in the post-test anddelayed test  on the aggressive behavior scale Conclusion: The study contributes to reducing the aggressive behavior, and training specialists on how to pre-test pare training and counseling programs, and early intervention programs that help these children in developing life skills

The effectiveness of a training program based on the Higashi method in developing social interaction among children with autism disorders

Introduction: Children with autism spectrum disorder suffer from problems in social interaction skills, which leads to their isolation and inability to integrate into society and the surrounding environment. Therefore, the study aimed to prepare a training program based on the Higashi method in developing social interaction skills for children with autism spectrum disorder. And verify its effectiveness in the measurements, pre-test, post-test and delayedtest . Methodology: The study used the semi-experimental approach by adopting quantitative design. To achieve the objectives of the study, the scale of social interaction skills was used.And it consisted of 15 children, experimental and consisting of 15 children, and the scale was applied to them, and appropriate statistical analyzes were performed. The quantitative results were extracted through the multiple analysis of variance test, the accompanying analysis of variance test, and the single analysis of variance test. Results: The results showed the effectiveness of the training program through the development of social interaction skills. The results also resulted in the existence of statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) between the mean scores of the members of the control and experimental groups in the pre-test and post-test on the scale of social interaction skills, and also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05). Among the mean scores of the experimental group members in the post-test and delayed-test  on the scale of social interaction skills:The study contributes to the integration of children with autism spectrum disorder through the development of social interaction skills, activating the role of families and their involvement in developing the necessary programs for their children, and training specialists on how to prepare training and extension training programs and early intervention programs that help these children in developing the life skills necessary for their integration into society And to stay away from isolation and introversion

Improving Firm’s Innovation Performance through Transformation Leadership and Knowledge Sharing: the Moderating Role of absorptive Capacity. Case Study in Jordan

The goal of this research is to determine the impact of transformative leadership (TL) on innovation performance in terms of process and product innovation It improves perceptions of paths to enhance certain characteristics of innovation performance by assessing the mediating function of knowledge sharing (KS) and the moderating effect of absorptive ability. Based on data obtained from 243 participants in Jordanian pharmaceutical enterprises, this study performs a questionnaire survey and uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate hypotheses in the suggested research model.The research shows that TL is the primary driving factor behind the KS process and innovative results. The research addresses a large gap in the literature by focusing on how KS mediates the impact of TL on certain characteristics of innovative performance. The research greatly helps to developing the deeper understanding of the particular circumstances to increase the link between KS and innovative performance by examining the moderator of absorptive capacity

The Role of Corporate Governance Principles on Improving Market Performance

Purpose: The study aims to clarify the role of corporate governance principles on improving market performance at Jordanian industrial sector by measuring the governance principles through board of directors members size (BSIZE), number of independent members (BCOMP), existence of an audit committee (AUDCOM), and ratio of institutional ownership (InstitOwn) while the market performance represented in dependent variable has been measured through modern indicators in evaluating market performance; such as market value added (MVA), economic value added (EVA) and return on assets (ROA), which considered one of the traditional indicators in evaluating market performance.   Theoretical Framework: Due to the great role played by corporate governance on stabilizing financial markets, increasing the competitiveness of public shareholding companies by enhancing transparency, improving the financial performance of companies, and achieving a balance of interests between the company's management, shareholders, employees, creditors, and other related parties, which means reducing capital cost and the possibility of obtaining less expensive sources to finance company's future projects.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The study sample consisted of (70) industrial companies that formulate (79%) of study population, during the study period of year 2022   Findings: The study results showed a statistically significant relationship between the market value added ratio of institutional ownership and return on assets, and nonexistence of statistically significant relationship between the institutional ownership ratio and economic value added. On the other hand, study showed no statistically significant relationship between the financial performance of industrial companies’ measures and the independent factors of board of directors’ size, number of independent members, and the presence of auditing committee.   Research, Practical & Social Implications: The study relied on multiple regression analysis models to identify most important variables that govern companies’ performance

A Review of Artificial Intelligence in Breast Imaging

With the increasing dominance of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, the important prospects for their application have extended to various medical fields, including domains such as in vitro diagnosis, intelligent rehabilitation, medical imaging, and prognosis. Breast cancer is a common malignancy that critically affects women’s physical and mental health. Early breast cancer screening—through mammography, ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—can substantially improve the prognosis for breast cancer patients. AI applications have shown excellent performance in various image recognition tasks, and their use in breast cancer screening has been explored in numerous studies. This paper introduces relevant AI techniques and their applications in the field of medical imaging of the breast (mammography and ultrasound), specifically in terms of identifying, segmenting, and classifying lesions; assessing breast cancer risk; and improving image quality. Focusing on medical imaging for breast cancer, this paper also reviews related challenges and prospects for AI

A novel monotonic wind turbine power-speed characteristics model

Major issues with logistic functions (LFs) in modeling wind turbine power-speed characteristics (WTPSCs) include: 1. low accuracy near cut-in and rated wind speeds due to lack of continuity; 2. difficulties in fitting their parameters because of ill-conditioning; 3. no guaranteed monotonicity; 4. no systematic way to determine upper and lower limits for their parameters. The literature also reports that six parameter LFs may sometimes provide less accurate results than five, four, and three parameter models, implying: 1. they are unsuitable for WTPSC modeling; 2. lack of systematic method to determine upper and lower limits for optimization algorithms to search in. In this paper, we propose a new six parameter LF then employ subspace trust-region (STIR) algorithm to estimate its parameters. We compare the accuracy of our six parameter model to others from the literature. With $42$ on-shore and off-shore WTs database of ratings varying from 275 to 8000 kW, we the comprehensiveness of our model. The results show an average mean absolute percent error (MAPE) of 2.383 × 10−3. Furthermore, our model reduces average and median normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) by $32.3\%$ and $38.5 \%$, respectively

H1N1 INFECTION IN PREGNANCY; A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF FETO-MATERNAL OUTCOME AND IMPACT OF THE TIMING OF ANTIVIRAL THERAPY

Background and Objective: H1N1 infection carries an increased risk in pregnancy. Our aim was to study the fetomaternal outcome and the effect of early initiation of therapy. Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. Confirmed infected cases were included. Maternal age, parity, gestational age at diagnosis, presenting symptoms, time between presentation and starting therapy, ICU admission, and maternal and perinatal outcome were evaluated. Results: Nineteen confirmed patients were included. Most patients are 31 years old or more. Multiparous patients were 73.68% and 57.89% were in the third trimester. Most of our patients presented with cough, fever, and chills. Two patients were admitted to the ICU. One of them was a case of maternal mortality. 42.10% of patients were started on therapy only one day after clinical onset of symptoms. 26.31% delivered before 37 completed weeks. 73.68% delivered beyond term. Around one third delivered vaginally. 45% of babies weighed more than 3 kg. Four babies weighed less than 2 kg. Ninety percent had APGAR scores more than 8 at 1 and 5 minutes after delivery. Twenty five percent were admitted to the NICU with no neonatal mortalities. Conclusions: H1N1 influenza A infection in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Medical and public awareness, low threshold for testing suspected pregnant patients, very early initiation of antiviral therapy, and multidisciplinary approach in our series decreased the overall adverse effects of this infection

Global survey of the roles, satisfaction, and barriers of home healthcare nurses on the provision of palliative care

Background: the World Health Assembly urges members to build palliative care (PC) capacity as an ethical imperative. Nurses provide PC services in a variety of settings, including the home and may be the only health care professional able to access some disparate populations. Identifying current nursing services, resources, and satisfaction and barriers to nursing practice are essential to build global PC capacity. Objective: to globally examine home health care nurses' practice, satisfaction, and barriers, regarding existing palliative home care provision. Design: needs assessment survey. Setting/Subjects: five hundred thirty-two home health care nurses in 29 countries. Measurements: a needs assessment, developed through literature review and cognitive interviewing. Results: nurses from developing countries performed more duties compared with those from high-income countries, suggesting a lack of resources in developing countries. Significant barriers to providing home care exist: personnel shortages, lack of funding and policies, poor access to end-of-life or hospice services, and decreased community awareness of services provided. Respondents identified lack of time, funding, and coverages as primary educational barriers. In-person local meetings and online courses were suggested as strategies to promote learning. Conclusions: it is imperative that home health care nurses have adequate resources to build PC capacity globally, which is so desperately needed. Nurses must be up to date on current evidence and practice within an evidence-based PC framework. Health care policy to increase necessary resources and the development of a multifaceted intervention to facilitate education about PC is indicated to build global capacity

Pancreatic surgery outcomes: multicentre prospective snapshot study in 67 countries

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic surgery remains associated with high morbidity rates. Although postoperative mortality appears to have improved with specialization, the outcomes reported in the literature reflect the activity of highly specialized centres. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes following pancreatic surgery worldwide. METHODS: This was an international, prospective, multicentre, cross-sectional snapshot study of consecutive patients undergoing pancreatic operations worldwide in a 3-month interval in 2021. The primary outcome was postoperative mortality within 90 days of surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore relationships with Human Development Index (HDI) and other parameters. RESULTS: A total of 4223 patients from 67 countries were analysed. A complication of any severity was detected in 68.7 per cent of patients (2901 of 4223). Major complication rates (Clavien–Dindo grade at least IIIa) were 24, 18, and 27 per cent, and mortality rates were 10, 5, and 5 per cent in low-to-middle-, high-, and very high-HDI countries respectively. The 90-day postoperative mortality rate was 5.4 per cent (229 of 4223) overall, but was significantly higher in the low-to-middle-HDI group (adjusted OR 2.88, 95 per cent c.i. 1.80 to 4.48). The overall failure-to-rescue rate was 21 per cent; however, it was 41 per cent in low-to-middle- compared with 19 per cent in very high-HDI countries. CONCLUSION: Excess mortality in low-to-middle-HDI countries could be attributable to failure to rescue of patients from severe complications. The authors call for a collaborative response from international and regional associations of pancreatic surgeons to address management related to death from postoperative complications to tackle the global disparities in the outcomes of pancreatic surgery (NCT04652271; ISRCTN95140761