IMMIGRATION AND DISCRIMINATION IN A FORMER EMIGRANT COUNTRY: THE CASE OF SPAIN

This article analyses the immigrant-native wage differentials in Spain, which only recently has become a host country. The paper exploits the Earnings Structure Survey 2006, which is the first nationally representative sample of both foreign and Spanish employees. Using the Machado-Mata econometric procedure, wage differentials between locals and foreigners are decomposed into the gap related to characteristics and the one due to different returns on endowments (i.e., discrimination). We find that, in absolute terms, the latter component grows across wage distribution, reflecting the existence of a kind of glass ceiling consistent with the evidence of over-education found by previous research.Immigration, Wage differentials, Spain, Quantile regression

The Pure Spinor Formulation of Superstrings

In this lectures we outline the construction of pure spinor superstrings. We consider both the open and closed pure spinor superstrings in critical and noncritical dimensions and on flat and curved target spaces with RR flux. We exhibit the integrability properties of pure spinor superstrings on curved backgrounds with RR fluxes.Comment: These lectures have been given in the RTN Winter School on Strings, Supergravity and Gauge Theories, CERN (2008). 32 pages, a typo correcte

Multiple Instance Learning for Heterogeneous Images: Training a CNN for Histopathology

Multiple instance (MI) learning with a convolutional neural network enables end-to-end training in the presence of weak image-level labels. We propose a new method for aggregating predictions from smaller regions of the image into an image-level classification by using the quantile function. The quantile function provides a more complete description of the heterogeneity within each image, improving image-level classification. We also adapt image augmentation to the MI framework by randomly selecting cropped regions on which to apply MI aggregation during each epoch of training. This provides a mechanism to study the importance of MI learning. We validate our method on five different classification tasks for breast tumor histology and provide a visualization method for interpreting local image classifications that could lead to future insights into tumor heterogeneity

La representaci?n esc?nica de obras literarias para desarrollar la comprensi?n lectora de ni?os de cuarto de primaria del Colegio Carlos Lozano y Lozano de Fusagasug? Cundinamarca

143 p. Recurso Electr?nicoEsta investigaci?n surge de la observaci?n realizada en la instituci?n Carlos lozano y lozano ubicado en el municipio de Fusagasug? Cundinamarca en el grado cuarto a partir de las falencias encontradas sobre la comprensi?n lectora, en cuanto a las dificultades para reconocer lo impl?cito del texto, ya que solamente se identifica lo expl?cito sin interiorizar el sentido que el autor le quiere dar a su escrito. El objetivo de este trabajo fue Fortalecer mediante la representaci?n esc?nica de obras literarias la compresi?n lectora para crear h?bitos de lectura que permitieron generar en los estudiantes sus propios escritos para luego ser representados. Para ello se tuvo en cuenta investigaciones realizadas donde se aplic? la estrategia did?ctica del teatro para fortalecer la competencia comunicativa, las habilidades de oralidad, las inteligencias m?ltiples de manera din?mica y l?dica que permiten desarrollar el inter?s y la motivaci?n en el proceso de ense?anza aprendizaje. La investigaci?n se fundament? en te?ricos como Loaiza (2011), Pavis (1983), Moreno (1993), sol? (1992), Ni?o (1985), Ferreiro y Teberosky (1991), Vygotsky (1997), Piaget (1952) y Ausubel (1983), que con sus estudios de la comprensi?n lectora, la lectura, la escritura y el teatro permitieron el desarrollo metodol?gico y el an?lisis de resultado al sustentar los procesos l?gicos- secuenciales de esta propuesta. Para el proceso metodol?gico se realizaron ocho talleres divididos en cuatro fases sensibilizaci?n, conocimientos previos, profundizaci?n y transferencia. Desde el enfoque significativo y el IAP, mediante su aplicaci?n se logr? mejorar la comprensi?n lectora por medio de la representaci?n de obras literarias.This research arises of the observation developed in the Carlos Lozano and Lozano institution located in the municipality of Fusagasuga Cundinamarca in the fourth degree due to failures found in reading comprehension, as to the difficulties to recognize the implicit of the text, since only the explicit is identified without internalizing the meaning that the author wants to give to his writing. The objective of this project was to strengthen reading comprehension through of scenic representation of literary works to create habits of reading that allowed to the students to generate their own writings for then be represented. For that took into account researches where the didactic strategy of the theater was applied to strengthen communicative competence, orality skills, multiple intelligences in a dynamic and playful way that allow to develop interest and motivation in the teaching-learning process. The research was based in theoreticians as Loaiza (2011), Pavis (1983), Moreno (1993), sol? (1992), Ni?o (1985), Ferreiro y Teberosky (1991), Vygotsky (1997), Piaget (1952) and Ausubel (1983), that with their studies of the reading comprehension, the reading, the writing and the theater allowed the methodological development and the analysis of results in supporting the logical-sequential processes of this proposal. For the methodological process, there were eight activities divided in four stages: sensitization, previous knowledge, deepening and transference. From the significant approach and the PAI, through its application it was possible to improve the reading comprehension through the representation of literary works. Keywords: Reading, reading comprehension, writing, theater, education

Relativistic Hydrodynamics with General Anomalous Charges

We consider the hydrodynamic regime of gauge theories with general triangle anomalies, where the participating currents may be global or gauged, abelian or non-abelian. We generalize the argument of arXiv:0906.5044, and construct at the viscous order the stress-energy tensor, the charge currents and the entropy current.Comment: 13 pages, Revte

On the fermionic T-duality of the AdS_4 \times CP^3 sigma-model

In this note we consider a fermionic T-duality of the coset realization of the type IIA sigma-model on AdS_4 \times CP^3 with respect to the three flat directions in AdS_4, six of the fermionic coordinates and three of the CP^3 directions. We show that the Buscher procedure fails as it leads to a singular transformation and discuss the result and its implications.Comment: LaTeX2e, 9 pages, no figures, JHEP style; v2: minor clarifications; v3: typos fixed, matches the published versio

Non-Critical Pure Spinor Superstrings

We construct non-critical pure spinor superstrings in two, four and six dimensions. We find explicitly the map between the RNS variables and the pure spinor ones in the linear dilaton background. The RNS variables map onto a patch of the pure spinor space and the holomorphic top form on the pure spinor space is an essential ingredient of the mapping. A basic feature of the map is the requirement of doubling the superspace, which we analyze in detail. We study the structure of the non-critical pure spinor space, which is different from the ten-dimensional one, and its quantum anomalies. We compute the pure spinor lowest lying BRST cohomology and find an agreement with the RNS spectra. The analysis is generalized to curved backgrounds and we construct as an example the non-critical pure spinor type IIA superstring on AdS_4 with RR 4-form flux.Comment: LaTeX2e, 76 pages, no figures, JHEP style; v2: references and acknowledgments added, typos corrected; v3: typos corrected and minor changes to match published versio

Analysis of Lung Metastases in Patients with Primary Extremity Sarcoma

Purpose: To investigate the incidence, radiographic findings, and the time course for the appearence of lung metastases from primary extremity sarcoma

Large Charge Four-Dimensional Extremal N=2 Black Holes with R^2-Terms

We consider N=2 supergravity in four dimensions with small R^2 curvature corrections. We construct large charge extremal supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric black hole solutions in all space, and analyze their thermodynamic properties.Comment: 18 pages. v2,3: minor fixe

Perturbative Computation of Glueball Superpotentials for SO(N) and USp(N)

We use the superspace method of hep-th/0211017 to prove the matrix model conjecture for N=1 USp(N) and SO(N) gauge theories in four dimensions. We derive the prescription to relate the matrix model to the field theory computations. We perform an explicit calculation of glueball superpotentials. The result is consistent with field theory expectations.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figure