El estado de la seguridad alimentaria y la nutrición en el mundo : fomentando la resiliencia climática en aras de la seguridad alimentaria y la nutrición

RESUMEN En el presente informe, se hace un seguimiento de los progresos hacia el logro de las metas de poner fin tanto al hambre (meta 2.1 de los ODS) como a todas las formas de malnutrición (meta 2.2 de los ODS) y se ofrece un análisis de las causas subyacentes y los factores de las tendencias observadas. Si bien la prevalencia de la subalimentación es uno de los principales componentes del seguimiento del hambre, el año pasado se incluyó la prevalencia de la inseguridad alimentaria grave, según la escala de experiencia de inseguridad alimentaria (FIES, por sus siglas en inglés), para ofrecer una estimación de la proporción de la población cuya capacidad para obtener alimentos saludables, nutritivos y suficientes está sujeta a limitaciones grave

Cereales, legumbres, leguminosas y productos proteínicos vegetales

RESUMEN Las normas del Codex para Cereales, Legumbres, Leguminosas y Productos Proteínicos Vegetales juntos con textos afines como el Código de Prácticas para prevenir y reducir la Contaminación de los Cereales por Micotoxinas son publicadas en formato compacto, para permitir su uso y conocimiento amplios por los gobiernos, las autoridades de reglamentación, las industrias de alimentos y minoristas, y los consumidores. Esta primera edición incluye los textos adoptados por la Comisión del Codex Alimentarius hasta el 2007

Nutrient intakes related to osteoporotic fractures in men and women – The Brazilian Osteoporosis Study (BRAZOS)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Adequate nutrition plays an important role in bone mass accrual and maintenance and has been demonstrated as a significant tool for the prevention of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>The aim of the present study was to evaluate bone health-related nutrients intake and its association with osteoporotic fractures in a representative sample of 2344 individuals aged 40 years or older in Brazil.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In a transversal population-based study, a total of 2420 individuals over 40 years old were evaluated from March to April 2006. Participants were men and women from all socio-economic classes and education levels living around the Brazilian territory Individuals responded a questionnaire including self reported fractures as well a 24-hour food recall. Nutrient intakes were evaluated by Nutrition Data System for Research software (NDSR, University of Minnesota, 2007). Low trauma fracture was defined as that resulting of a fall from standing height or less. Nutrient intakes adequacies were performed by using the DRI's proposed values. Statistical analysis comprises Oneway ANCOVA adjusted by age and use of nutritional supplements and multiple logistic regression. SAS software was used for statistical analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Fractures was reported by 13% of men and 15% of women. Women with fractures presented significantly higher calcium, phosphorus and magnesium intakes. However, in all regions and socio-economical levels mean intakes of bone related nutrients were below the recommended levels. It was demonstrated that for every 100 mg/phosphorus increase the risk of fractures by 9% (OR 1.09; IC95% 1.05–1.13, p < 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results demonstrated inadequacies in bone related nutrients in our population as well that an increase in phosphorus intake is related to bone fractures.</p

Poor nutritional status of schoolchildren in urban and peri-urban areas of Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Malnutrition is still highly prevalent in developing countries. Schoolchildren may also be at high nutritional risk, not only under-five children. However, their nutritional status is poorly documented, particularly in urban areas. The paucity of information hinders the development of relevant nutrition programs for schoolchildren. The aim of this study carried out in Ouagadougou was to assess the nutritional status of schoolchildren attending public and private schools.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The study was carried out to provide baseline data for the implementation and evaluation of the Nutrition Friendly School Initiative of WHO. Six intervention schools and six matched control schools were selected and a sample of 649 schoolchildren (48% boys) aged 7-14 years old from 8 public and 4 private schools were studied. Anthropometric and haemoglobin measurements, along with thyroid palpation, were performed. Serum retinol was measured in a random sub-sample of children (N = 173). WHO criteria were used to assess nutritional status. Chi square and independent t-test were used for proportions and mean comparisons between groups.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Mean age of the children (48% boys) was 11.5 ± 1.2 years. Micronutrient malnutrition was highly prevalent, with 38.7% low serum retinol and 40.4% anaemia. The prevalence of stunting was 8.8% and that of thinness, 13.7%. The prevalence of anaemia (p = 0.001) and vitamin A deficiency (p < 0.001) was significantly higher in public than private schools. Goitre was not detected. Overweight/obesity was low (2.3%) and affected significantly more children in private schools (p = 0.009) and younger children (7-9 y) (p < 0.05). Thinness and stunting were significantly higher in peri-urban compared to urban schools (p < 0.05 and p = 0.004 respectively). Almost 15% of the children presented at least two nutritional deficiencies.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study shows that malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies are also widely prevalent in schoolchildren in cities, and it underlines the need for nutrition interventions to target them.</p

Conférence internationale sur la nutrition : rapport final de la conférence, Rome, déc. 1992

Versión en inglés disponible en la Biblioteca Digital del IDRC: International conference on nutrition : final report of the conference, Rome Dec. 199