Comparative analysis of scheduling rules through arena for parallel machines: a case study

This study aims to determinate which scheduling rule should be applied, for minimizing the makespan value, and maximizing the utilization level of a production system, which includes a set of three parallel processors, each one integrating five machines, by using a simulation approach based on Arena. A first simulation was done under random conditions, not attending to any kind of rule, and after some dispatching rules were applied, namely the shortest queue rule; the shortest processing time rule; the longest processing time rule; and combination of rules through a weighted sum about completion times and the work in process. A comparative analysis about the application of these rules is carried out in this paper. The rules that have been applied to achieve the goals were selected taking into account not only the problem to be studied, but also different conditions present in a real production system environment. The problem consists on a complex and dynamic system, where each job has the same priority and different processing times, without preemption.The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, through the grant “Projeto Estratégico – UI 252 – 2011–2012” reference PEst-OE/EME/UI0252/2011

Comparative analysis of scheduling rules through arena for parallel machines

This study aims to determinate which scheduling rule should be applied, for minimizing the makespan value, and maximizing the utilization level of a production system, which includes a set of three parallel processors, each one integrating five machines, by using a simulation approach based on Arena. A first simulation was done under random conditions, not attending to any kind of rule, and after some dispatching rules were applied, namely the shortest queue rule; the shortest processing time rule; the longest processing time rule; and combination of rules through a weighted sum about completion times and the work in process. A comparative analysis about the application of these rules is carried out in this paper. The rules that have been applied to achieve the goals were selected taking into account not only the problem to be studied, but also different conditions present in a real production system environment. The problem consists on a complex and dynamic system, where each job has the same priority and different processing times, without preemption.- (undefined

Relationship Between Lower-limb Muscle Strength And Frailty Among Elderly People [relação Entre Força Muscular De Membros Inferiores E Fragilidade Em Idosos]

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Sarcopenia is the main factor involved in the development of frailty syndrome. The aims here were to investigate relationships between lower-limb muscle strength and the variables of sex, age and frailty criteria; compare lower-limb muscle strength with each frailty criterion; and assess the power of each criterion for estimating the risk of frailty among elderly outpatients. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic of a university hospital in Campinas. METHOD: A non-probabilistic convenience sample of 150 elderly people of both sexes who were followed up as outpatients was assessed. Sociodemographic data (sex and age) and physical health data (frailty criteria and the five-times sit-to-stand test) were gathered. Descriptive, comparative and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: The majority of the elderly people (77.3%) were 70 years of age or over, with predominance of females (64.2%) and had a low score for the five-times sit-to-stand test (81.4% scored 0 or 1); 55.3% of the elderly people presented three or more frailty criteria. A significant association was found between lower-limb muscle strength and the variables of age and number of frailty criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Lower levels of lower-limb muscle strength were associated with advanced age and greater presence of signs of frailty. Moreover, lower-limb muscle strength was also associated with the criteria of reduced walking speed criteria and hand-grip strength.1302102108Silva, T.A.A., Frisoli Jr., A., Pinheiro, M.M., Szejnfeld, V.L., Sarcopenia and aging: Etiological aspects and therapeutic options (2006) Rev Bras Reumatol, 46 (6), pp. 391-397Cesari, M., Leeuwenburgh, C., Lauretani, F., Frailty syndrome and skeletal muscle: Results from the Invecchiare in Chianti study (2006) Am J Clin Nutr, 83 (5), pp. 1142-1148Walston, J., Hadley, E.C., Ferrucci, L., Research agenda for frailty in older adults: Toward a better understanding of physiology and etiology: Summary from the American Geriatrics Society/National Institute on Aging Research Conference on Frailty in Older Adults (2006) J Am Geriatr Soc, 54 (6), pp. 991-1001Abate, M., di Iorio, A., di Renzo, D., Frailty in the elderly: The physical dimension (2007) Eura Medicophys, 43 (3), pp. 407-415Fried, L.P., Walston, J., Frailty and failure to thrive (2003) Principles of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, pp. 1487-1502. , In: Hazzard WR, Blass J P, Halter JB, Ouslander JG, Tinetti ME, editors, 5th ed. New York: McGraw-HillMacedo, C., Gazzola, J.M., Najas, M., Frailty syndrome in elderly patients: The importance of physiotherapy (2008) Arq Bras Ciênc Saude, 33 (3), pp. 177-184Edström, E., Altun, M., Bergman, E., Factors contributing to neuromuscular impairment and sarcopenia during aging (2007) Physiol Behav, 92 (1-2), pp. 129-135Fried, L.P., Tangen, C.M., Walston, J., Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype (2001) J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci, 56 (3), pp. M146-M156Purser, J.L., Kuchibhatla, M.N., Fillenbaum, G.G., Identifying frailty in hospitalized older adults with significant coronary artery disease (2006) J Am Geriatr Soc, 54 (11), pp. 1674-1681Ensrud, K.E., Ewing, S.K., Taylor, B.C., Comparison of 2 frailty indexes for prediction of falls, disability, fractures, and death in older women (2008) Arch Intern Med, 168 (4), pp. 382-389Ensrud, K.E., Ewing, S.K., Cawthon, P.M., A comparison of frailty indexes for the prediction of falls, disability, fractures, and mortality in older men (2009) J Am Geriatr Soc, 57 (3), pp. 492-498Guralnik, J.M., Simonsick, E.M., Ferrucci, L., A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: Association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission (1994) J Gerontol, 49 (2), pp. M85-M94McCarthy, E.K., Horvat, M.A., Holtsberg, P.A., Wisenbaker, J.M., Repeated chair stands as a measure of lower limb strength in sexagenarian women (2004) J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci, 59 (11), pp. 1207-1212Takai, Y., Ohta, M., Akagi, R., Sit-to-stand test to evaluate knee extensor muscle size and strength in the elderly: A novel approach (2009) J Physiol Anthropol, 28 (3), pp. 123-128Bertolucci, P.H., Brucki, S.M., Campacci, S.R., Juliano, Y.O., The Mini-Mental State Examination in a general population: Impact of educational status (1994) Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 52 (1), pp. 1-7Radlof, L.S., The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population (1977) Applied Psychological Measurement, 1 (3), pp. 385-401. , http://apm.sagepub.com/content/1/3/385.full.pdf+html, Accessed 2011 (Jul 25)Batistoni, S.S., Neri, A.L., Cupertino, A.P., Validade da escala de depressão do Center for Epidemiological Studies entre idosos brasileiros. [Validity of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale among Brazilian elderly] (2007) Rev Saude Publica, 41 (4), pp. 598-605Nakano, M.M., (2007) Versão Brasileira Da Short Physical Performance Battery? SPPB: Adaptação Cultural E Estudo Da Confabilidade [Brazilian Version of the Short Physical Performance Battery - SPPB: Cross-cultural Adaptation and Reliability Study], , http://cutter.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000412296, Campinas: Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Accessed 2011 (Jul 25)Mazzà, C., Benvenuti, F., Bimbi, C., Stanhope, S.J., Association between subject funcional status, seat height, and movement strategy in sit-to-stand performance (2004) J Am Geriatr Soc, 52 (10), pp. 1750-1754Barbosa, A.R., Souza, J.M., Lebrão, M.L., Laurenti, R., Marucci, M.F., Functional limitations of Brazilian elderly by age and gender differences: Data from SABE Survey (2005) Cad Saude Publica, 21 (4), pp. 1177-1185Ferreira, F.F.P., Izzo, H., Jacob Filho, W., Impacto da capacidade física na saúde percebida entre idosos em velhice avançada (2007) Saúde Coletiva, 4 (17), pp. 154-157. , http://redalyc.uaemex.mx/pdf/842/84201705.pdf, Accessed 2011 (Jul 25)Lord, S.R., Murray, S.M., Chapman, K., Munro, B., Tiedemann, A., Sit-to-stand performance depends on sensation, speed, balance and psychological status in addition to strength in older people (2002) J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci, 57 (8), pp. M539-M543Forrest, K.Y., Zmuda, J.M., Cauley, J.A., Correlates of decline in lower extremity performance in older women: A 10-year follow-up study (2006) J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci, 61 (11), pp. 1194-1200Singh, A.S., Chin, A., Paw, M.J., Bosscher, R.J., van Mechelen, W., Cross-sectional relationship between physical fitness components and functional performance in older persons living in long-term care facilities (2006) BMC Geriatr, 6, p. 4Aslan, U.B., Cavlak, U., Yagci, N., Akdag, B., Balance performance, aging and falling: A comparative study based on a Turkish sample (2008) Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 46 (3), pp. 283-292Ottenbacher, K.J., Ostir, G.V., Peek, M.K., Frailty in older Mexican Americans (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc, 53 (9), pp. 1524-1531Boxer, R.S., Wang, Z., Walsh, S.J., Hager, D., Kenny, A.M., The utility of the 6-minute walk test as a measure of frailty in older adults with heart failure (2008) Am J Geriatr Cardiol, 17 (1), pp. 7-12Woods, N.F., Lacroix, A.Z., Gray, S.L., Frailty: Emergence and consequences in women aged 65 and older in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (2005) J Am Geriatr Soc, 53 (8), pp. 1321-1330Avila-Funes, J.A., Helmer, C., Amieva, H., Frailty among community-dwelling elderly people in France: The three-city study (2008) J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci, 63 (10), pp. 1089-1096Ottenbacher, K.J., Graham, J.E., Al Snih, S., Mexican Americans and frailty: Findings from the Hispanic established populations epidemiologic studies of the elderly (2009) Am J Public Health, 99 (4), pp. 673-679Borst, S.E., Interventions for sarcopenia and muscle weakness in older people (2004) Age Ageing, 33 (6), pp. 548-555Latham, N.K., Bennett, D.A., Stretton, C.M., Anderson, C.S., Systematic review of progressive resistance strength training in older adults (2004) J Gerontol a Biol Sci Med Sci, 59 (1), pp. 48-61Aveiro, M.C., Granito, R.N., Navega, M.T., Driusso, P., Oishi, J., Influence of a physical training program on muscle strength, balance and gait velocity among women with osteoporosis (2006) Rev Bras Fisioter, 10 (4), pp. 441-448Candeloro, J.M., Caromano, F.A., Effect of a hydrotherapy program on flexibility and muscle strength in elderly women (2007) Rev Bras Fisioter, 11 (4), pp. 303-309Eyigor, S., Karapolat, H., Durmaz, B., Effects of a group-based exercise program on the physical performance, muscle strength and quality of life in older women (2007) Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 45 (3), pp. 259-27

Compound Heterozygous Rag2 Mutations Mimicking Hyper Igm Syndrome

[No abstract available]34179Al-Herz, W., Bousfiha, A., Casanova, J.L., Chapel, H., Conley, M.E., Cunningham-Rundles, C., Primary immunodeficiency diseases: An update on the classification from the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee for Primary Immunodeficiency (2011) Front Immunol, 2 (54), pp. 1-26Niehues, T., Perez-Becker, R., Schuetz, C., More than just SCID-The phenotypic range of combined immunodeficiencies associated with mutations in the recombinase activating genes (RAG) 1 and 2 (2010) Clin Immunol, 135 (2), pp. 183-192. , 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXkvFenurs%3D 20172764 10.1016/j.clim.2010.01.013De Ravin, S.S., Cowen, E.W., Zarember, K.A., Hypomorphic Rag mutations can cause destructive midline granulomatous disease (2010) Blood, 116 (8), pp. 1263-1271. , 20489056 10.1182/blood-2010-02-267583Kuijpers, T.W., Ijspeert, H., Van Leeuwen, E.M., Idiopathic CD4+ T lymphopenia without autoimmunity or granulomatous disease in the slipstream of RAG mutations (2011) Blood, 117 (22), pp. 5892-5896. , 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXnsl2nurk%3D 21502542 10.1182/blood-2011-01-329052Avila, E.M., Uzel, G., Hsu, A., Highly variable clinical phenotypes of hypomorphic RAG1 mutations (2010) Pediatrics, 126 (5), pp. 1248-1252. , 20956421 10.1542/peds.2009-3171Chou, J., Hanna-Wakin, R., Kane, J., A novel homozygous mutation in recombination activating gene 2 in 2 relatives with different clinical phenotypes: Omenn syndrome and hyper-IgM syndrome (2012) J Allergy Clin Immunol, 130 (6), pp. 1414-1416. , 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhtV2mt73F 3511613 22841008 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.06.01