Structure and biosynthesis in melanin

Imperial Users onl

Early Childhood Education (ECE) in Nigeria: A system Analysis of Policy in National and Local Contexts

Across the world, countries consider early childhood education (ECE) beneficial for young children’s lifelong educational development and nations’ socioeconomic growth. The national government of Nigeria has officially given this type of education recognition in the 2013 National Policy on Education, which alongside stating ECE policy’s objectives, described implementation measures to achieve its goals. The national government’s introduction of universal early education into the public education system was underpinned by the 2004 Universal Basic Education (UBE) Act. However, the implementation of ECE policy faces several challenges, affecting the achievement of its goals. This thesis examines the ‘fit’ between ECE policy at the national level and its implementation at the state and local levels within the ECE system in three states in western Nigeria. My empirical research focused on ECE policy implementation and provision available to children aged 3–5 years since the 2004 UBE Act’s introduction. This study employed a qualitative interpretive approach using semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and fieldnotes. It explored perceptions of policymakers at the national, state, and local levels of government and of implementers involved at the state and local levels, including policymakers, a non-governmental organisation (NGO) officer, ECE providers, and practitioners in both public and private-for-profit settings. A combination of systems and postcolonial theories informed the theoretical stance in this thesis. Findings revealed significant gaps between the national government’s policy aims and actual ECE implementation in the three states. All aspects of the ECE system needed to support successful policy implementation were problematic. The funding allocation model for ECE policy implementation is seriously deficient. Nigeria will likely need to develop targeted strategies for change to achieve its universal ECE policy goals. This thesis adds to the body of studies suggesting how Nigerian ECE policy implementation can be improved to achieve its stated goals

Business Resources and Capabilities as Drivers Of Environmental Strategy: A Case Study of The Nigerian Tourism Development Corporation (NTDC)

This paper is a case study that investigates the activities of the Nigerian Tourism Development Corporation (NTDC) in relation to the environmental marketing strategies of hotels in the Nigerian hospitality industry. Specifically, it studies the relationship between resources and capabilities as drivers of the environmental marketing strategy of hotels. Building on the resources-base view, this study explains the drivers and outcomes of environmentally friendly marketing strategies in the Nigeria hotel services. It is a survey research design in which data that were collected from 152 hotels personnel reveals that possessing sufficient physical and financial resources is an instrument towards achieving effective green marketing strategies. Furthermore, the study confirms that there is a significant effect of environmental marketing strategy on the competitive advantage level in the hospitality industr

The Inevitability of Crisis in Human Existence

This paper examines the nature of crisis and attempts to argue the thesis that the total removal of crisis from the world is tantamount to the removal of the human species from the surface of the earth and ultimately the end of the existence of society. It is reasoned that human development is essentially anchored on the ability of the human person to devise methods of surmounting problems that are encountered in society. Therefore, the idea of fashioning the world in an orderly manner characterized by absolute peace without any upsurge of crisis whatsoever is an expectation of a paradise on earth, where absolute perfection would be a mark of identity of its inhabitants. Such an expectation, though it holds sway only in the religious arena, is not only a fantasy but also an unreliable hope which is doomed to fail at the onset. I argue that human existence itself is crisis, a phenomenon which dictates the spate of societal progress and development

Water chemistry of some rivers draining the basement complex in Southwestern Nigeria

Nous avons effectué une étude physico-chimique pendant quinze mois, des eaux des fleuves Owena, Ohoo et Orunro, dans le bassin sud-ouest nigérian afin d'en relever le pH, la conductivité, l'alcalinité, O2 dissous, CO2, silicate-SI,PO4-P, NO3N, Fe, Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+ et la matière dissoute ... Le pH, la conductivité, l'alcalinité et le CO2 total sont en rapport direct avec le mode saisonnier des précipitations et les crues. La composition des eaux reflète la composition chimique et l'altérité des bassins des fleuves (granite-gneiss, les amphiboles et schistes ordinaires

A case of tracheal tumor with unusual bronchoscopic presentation: A case report

Primary tumor of the trachea and bronchial tree is rare. Primary tracheobronchial malignancies make up about 0.1% of all pulmonary tumors. The survival rate depends on several factors which include the malignant potential of the tumor, the patient’s comorbidities, and the location of the tumor. The index case is a 60-year-old woman who had 7 months history of globus with an associated history of central chest discomfort and cough of 3 months duration. There was a positive history of dysphagia to solid meals, odynophagia, dyspepsia, nausea, excessive belching, bloating, and regurgitation. These symptoms led to the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. However, the persistent symptom of globus and worsening cough necessitated her referral to the chest clinic. Chest radiograph revealed opacity in the left upper lobe. Chest computerized tomographic scan showed a solitary, lobulated, and calcified soft-tissue mass in the apicoposterior segment of the left upper lobe with loss of volume. Bronchoscopy showed multiple planes of non-glistering submucosa lesions which were biopsied. The histology report revealed invasive adenocarcinoma of the airway. The surgical resection of tumors with stents was done and she was discharged home 2 weeks later. However, the patient refused adjunct chemotherapy. She is alive and well with complete resolution of symptoms. Early presentation, availability of investigative tools, and prompt treatment may improve survival in cases of trachea tumors as seen in the index case. A high index of suspicion is also needed to make a prompt diagnosis of trachea tumors, especially in patients presenting with globus