Results of the study of intestine biocenosis in children

Department of Surgery № 2 with the course of pediatric surgery, Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine, The 6th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, May 12-14, 2016Introduction. Changes in intestinal microbiocenosis play an important role in the development of functional disorders of the digestive tract in children. The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic value of bacteriological studies of intestinal dysbiosis. Patients and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 127 results of fecal survey on dysbiosis in children aged 1 to 17 years with impaired bowel function, that turned to the Odessa Regional Children's Clinical Hospital in 2014-2015. Results. According to our research, more of the analysis on dysbiosis was conducted in patients of younger age group of 1 to 3 years ─ 68,8% of all cases. In the same age group, 81.4% examinationed children were bacteriological signs of dysbiosis of transient nature. There was a seasonal correlation of the research, since 44.8% of analyzes were carried out in the period from February to April, due to an increase in functional disorders of the digestive tract in children during this period. For the majority ofpatients (78.6%) fecal dysbiosis has been performed in occasion of functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The most common conditional pathogens St. Aureus were detected in the youngest age groups: from 1 year up to 3 years ─ at 44.2%; 4 to 7 years old children ─ 42,3%. On the second place were sown fungi of the genus Candida and other yeast in 38.6% of patients, as well mainly in young children. On the third place - E.cloaceae (11,02%) and lactosonegative (10,8%) Escherichia, then Kl. Pneumoniae 9,4%, P.aeruginosa in 2.36% of patients, respectively. The remaining microorganisms disembarked in single cases. Results of analyzes, unfortunately, were ready on day 10, when was advanced clinical remission in patients and there was no need for a correction of infringements. Conclusions. Violation of intestinal microbiocenosis is most characteristic for young children, is rarely correlated with clinical data and is transient. Are most commonly defined conditional Pathogens St.Aureus and fungi of the genus Candida. However, the diagnostic value of the study is reduced due to the timing of the tests

Metastasis of two malignant tumors of different genesis in axillary lymph node (a case report)

This case report describes a rare clinical condition: metastasis of synchronous multiple primary tumors — skin melanoma and breast cancer in one axillary lymph node, confirmed with the results of clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical study of surgical material from 40 year-old woman

The musculoskeletal system diseases in pregnant women with high infection risk and the single nucleotide rs1544410 polymorphism of the calcitriol receptor gene

Background. The problem of vitamin D (VD) deficiency in the population, in general, and in pregnant women, in particular, and related diseases, including the musculoskeletal system, remains one of the most widespread medical and social problems of our time. The purpose was to determine the frequency of musculoskeletal diseases in pregnant females at high infection risk (HIR) with impaired vitamin D status and single-nucleotide Bsml polymorphism of its receptor gene. Materials and methods. Fifty-six pregnant women (main group) with HIR and 40 healthy pregnant women (control group) had been examined. The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in blood was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mutant version of Bsml (rs1544410) polymorphism of the gene that is encoding vitamin D receptors (VDR). Statistical processing of the results was done using the resource www.socscistatistics.com. Results. HIR was due to the presence of chronic kidney diseases, carriers of pathogens of the TORCH group of infections and conditionally pathogenic microflora in the urogenital tract. The level of 25(OH)D was lower than the generally accepted optimal level in 76.8 and 15 % of pregnant women, in the main and control groups, respectively (F = 0.03; p = 0.0001). Carriers of the heterozygous genotype A/G were 67.7 % of pregnant women with HIR compared to 35 % of the control group (odd ratio (OR) = 3.95; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.19–7.1; χ2 = 20.88, p = 0.00001), and the G/G genotype was inherent in 19.6 and 47.5 % of women, respectively (OR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.15–0.51;  p = 0.00006). A third of pregnant women from the main group had a history of musculoskeletal diseases (32.14 %) versus 12.5 % in control group (OR = 3.15; 95% CI: 1.54–6.46); 71.4 % of pregnant women with HIR were carriers of A/G genotype (OR = 9.79; 95% CI: 5.10–18.82). Conclusions. The share of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in pregnant women with HIR is almost 77 %. The general somatic history of these women is characterized by a high frequency of the kidney diseases (37.5 %) and musculoskeletal diseases (32.1 %). Two-thirds of pregnant women with HIR, as well as with musculoskeletal diseases, are carriers of the heterozygous Bsml of polymorphic genotype A/G of the VDR gene, which probably causes a higher risk of the development of pathology in conditions of calcitriol deficiency. Studying VD status, the genetic personification of disease risks, and correction of modified factors in time, in particular, VD deficiency is seen as a promising direction for improving perinatal outcomes and the quality of life of pregnant women in general, but further research is required

A Statistical Study on Photospheric Magnetic Nonpotentiality of Active Regions and Its Relationship with Flares during Solar Cycles 22-23

A statistical study is carried out on the photospheric magnetic nonpotentiality in solar active regions and its relationship with associated flares. We select 2173 photospheric vector magnetograms from 1106 active regions observed by the Solar Magnetic Field Telescope at Huairou Solar Observing Station, National Astronomical Observatories of China, in the period of 1988-2008, which covers most of the 22nd and 23rd solar cycles. We have computed the mean planar magnetic shear angle (\bar{\Delta\phi}), mean shear angle of the vector magnetic field (\bar{\Delta\psi}), mean absolute vertical current density (\bar{|J_{z}|}), mean absolute current helicity density (\bar{|h_{c}|}), absolute twist parameter (|\alpha_{av}|), mean free magnetic energy density (\bar{\rho_{free}}), effective distance of the longitudinal magnetic field (d_{E}), and modified effective distance (d_{Em}) of each photospheric vector magnetogram. Parameters \bar{|h_{c}|}, \bar{\rho_{free}}, and d_{Em} show higher correlation with the evolution of the solar cycle. The Pearson linear correlation coefficients between these three parameters and the yearly mean sunspot number are all larger than 0.59. Parameters \bar{\Delta\phi}, \bar{\Delta\psi}, \bar{|J_{z}|}, |\alpha_{av}|, and d_{E} show only weak correlations with the solar cycle, though the nonpotentiality and the complexity of active regions are greater in the activity maximum periods than in the minimum periods. All of the eight parameters show positive correlations with the flare productivity of active regions, and the combination of different nonpotentiality parameters may be effective in predicting the flaring probability of active regions.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in Solar Physic

Time-dependent Stochastic Modeling of Solar Active Region Energy

A time-dependent model for the energy of a flaring solar active region is presented based on a stochastic jump-transition model (Wheatland and Glukhov 1998; Wheatland 2008; Wheatland 2009). The magnetic free energy of the model active region varies in time due to a prescribed (deterministic) rate of energy input and prescribed (random) flare jumps downwards in energy. The model has been shown to reproduce observed flare statistics, for specific time-independent choices for the energy input and flare transition rates. However, many solar active regions exhibit time variation in flare productivity, as exemplified by NOAA active region AR 11029 (Wheatland 2010). In this case a time-dependent model is needed. Time variation is incorporated for two cases: 1. a step change in the rates of flare jumps; and 2. a step change in the rate of energy supply to the system. Analytic arguments are presented describing the qualitative behavior of the system in the two cases. In each case the system adjusts by shifting to a new stationary state over a relaxation time which is estimated analytically. The new model retains flare-like event statistics. In each case the frequency-energy distribution is a power law for flare energies less than a time-dependent rollover set by the largest energy the system is likely to attain at a given time. For Case 1, the model exhibits a double exponential waiting-time distribution, corresponding to flaring at a constant mean rate during two intervals (before and after the step change), if the average energy of the system is large. For Case 2 the waiting-time distribution is a simple exponential, again provided the average energy of the system is large. Monte Carlo simulations of Case~1 are presented which confirm the analytic estimates. The simulation results provide a qualitative model for observed flare statistics in active region AR 11029.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figure

Probing the Role of Magnetic-Field Variations in NOAA AR 8038 in Producing Solar Flare and CME on 12 May 1997

We carried out a multi-wavelength study of a CME and a medium-size 1B/C1.3 flare occurring on 12 May 1997. We present the investigation of magnetic-field variations in the NOAA Active Region 8038 which was observed on the Sun during 7--16 May 1997. Analyses of H{\alpha} filtergrams and MDI/SOHO magnetograms revealed continual but discrete surge activity, and emergence and cancellation of flux in this active region. The movie of these magnetograms revealed two important results that the major opposite polarities of pre-existing region as well as in the emerging flux region (EFR) were approaching towards each other and moving magnetic features (MMF) were ejecting out from the major north polarity at a quasi-periodicity of about ten hrs during 10--13 May 1997. These activities were probably caused by the magnetic reconnection in the lower atmosphere driven by photospheric convergence motions, which were evident in magnetograms. The magnetic field variations such as flux, gradient, and sunspot rotation revealed that free energy was slowly being stored in the corona. The slow low-layer magnetic reconnection may be responsible for this storage and the formation of a sigmoidal core field or a flux rope leading to the eventual eruption. The occurrence of EUV brightenings in the sigmoidal core field prior to the rise of a flux rope suggests that the eruption was triggered by the inner tether-cutting reconnection, but not the external breakout reconnection. An impulsive acceleration revealed from fast separation of the H{\alpha} ribbons of the first 150 seconds suggests the CME accelerated in the inner corona, which is consistent with the temporal profile of the reconnection electric field. In conclusion, we propose a qualitative model in view of framework of a solar eruption involving, mass ejections, filament eruption, CME, and subsequent flare.Comment: 8 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physic

Cherenkov radiation of spin waves by ultra-fast moving magnetic flux quanta

Despite theoretical predictions for a Cherenkov-type radiation of spin waves (magnons) by various propagating magnetic perturbations, fast-enough moving magnetic field stimuli have not been available so far. Here, we experimentally realize the Cherenkov radiation of spin waves in a Co-Fe magnonic conduit by fast-moving (>1 km/s) magnetic flux quanta (Abrikosov vortices) in an adjacent Nb-C superconducting strip. The radiation is evidenced by the microwave detection of spin waves propagating a distance of 2 micrometers from the superconductor and it is accompanied by a magnon Shapiro step in its current-voltage curve. The spin-wave excitation is unidirectional and monochromatic, with sub-40 nm wavelengths determined by the period of the vortex lattice. The phase-locking of the vortex lattice with the excited spin wave limits the vortex velocity and reduces the dissipation in the superconductor

Immunogenetic markers of Crohn's disease in adults population of the Moscow region

Aim: to study immunogenetic markers of predisposition to the development and protection for Crohn's disease in adults population of the Moscow region. Material and methods. The study included 53 samples of peripheral blood of patients with Crohn's disease in the Moscow region. The control group was represented by 1,700 samples of umbilical cord blood is healthy newborns. Revealing HLA antigens at low level performed by SSO method on DynalRELI 48 processor. The results received with ambiguous interpretation was using PCR-SSP method (Ivitrogen). Results. Were found the positive and negative associations of groups of HLA alleles with clinical form, the course of Crohn's disease and response to steroid treatment, in particular revealed that, predisposition to the development for Crohn's disease in women and with sensitivity to steroid treatment in this disease associated allele group C*12, to the characteristic restricting markers such as Crohn's disease include the В 38 and A*11 markers nonrestricting, nonpenetrating noninflammatory type groups are alleles B*56 and C*14 and C*14 is also associated with the risk of Crohn's disease in men, characteristic markers of protection to the development of the disease crown with chronic relapsing and severe clinical course are DQB1*02 and DQB1*03, respectively. Conclusion. These results demonstrate the need for studies of gene polymorphism HLA-system, not only in relation to the disease in general, but in selected patients with clinical groups.</p