Semantics and Pragmatics of Language Units (according to Results of Theoretic and Methodological Seminar of Scientific School of Professor, Doctor of Philology E. P. Ivanyan)

The results of the theoretical-methodological seminar of scientific school of professor, doctor of philology E. P. Ivanyan (Samara) are presented. It is reported that the seminar discussed the topical issue of semantics and pragmatics of language units in modern Russian discourse, the main trends of language development and problems of their study in various research paradigms. The contents of the scientific papers presented during the seminar is highlighted. The main results of the research of the authors of the reports are given

GR 290 (Romano's Star): 2. Light history and evolutionary state

We have built the historical light curve of the luminous variable GR 290 back to 1901, from old observations of the star found in several archival plates of M 33. These old recordings together with published and new data show that for at least half a century the star was in a low luminosity state, with B ~18. After 1960, five large variability cycles of visual luminosity were recorded. The amplitude of the oscillations was seen increasing towards the 1992-1994 maximum, then decreasing during the last maxima. The recent light curve indicates that the photometric variations have been quite similar in all the bands, and that the B-V color index has been constant within +/-0.1 m despite the 1.5m change of the visual luminosity. The spectrum of GR 290 at the large maximum of 1992-94, was equivalent to late-B type, while, during 2002-2014, it has varied between WN10h-11h near the visual maxima to WN8h-9h at the luminosity minima. We have detected, during this same period, a clear anti-correlation between the visual luminosity, the strength of the HeII 4686 A emission line, the strength of the 4600-4700 A lines blend and the spectral type. From a model analysis of the spectra collected during the whole 2002-2014 period we find that the Rosseland radius R_{2/3}, changed between the minimum and maximum luminosity phases by a factor of 3, while T_eff varied between about 33,000 K and 23,000 K. The bolometric luminosity of the star was not constant, but increased by a factor of ~1.5 between minimum and maximum luminosity, in phase with the apparent luminosity variations. In the light of current evolutionary models of very massive stars, we find that GR 290 has evolved from a ~60 M_Sun progenitor star and should have an age of about 4 million years. We argue that it has left the LBV stage and is moving to a Wolf-Rayet stage of late nitrogen spectral type.Comment: Accepted on The Astronomical Journal, 10 figures. Replaced because the previous uploaded file was that without the final small corrections requested by the refere

Legitimation of University in Modern Culture

The authors propose to consider university as a significant cultural topos. The significance of the topos is provided by the narrative integrated in it. It reflects the values and inscribes the university into the current cultural situation. The authors give several historical examples to support their thesis that this narrative is a response to external cultural challenges. The current situation is rife with such challenges, and therefore, the creation of a legitimizing narrative for the university turns out to be quite problematic. The authors study the influence of such factors as massification of education, media communication, social, demographic changes, etc. Examples of modern Russian and foreign universities demonstrate self-legitimization process of the university and show its visual part. The universities represent their own position, history and current values by creating their own visual code. The authors adduce as examples modern universities’ websites with the visual images that are presented on their title pages. Based on this material, the authors draw a conclusion about the main modern strategies of self-legitimation of the university as positioning on the scales: tradition and innovation, loyalty to the government and independence from it, history and community

Imagination of the North in Context of Development of Natural Environment: Mammoth in Mythological Representations of Yakuts

A number of negative characters in Yakut mythology, as well as individual images of folklore, are considered. The point of view, according to which the basis for the emergence of certain mythological ideas among the Yakuts was the real world, the features of the landscape and climate, to the extent that they influenced a person, is proved. It is noted that the culture of the Sakha people is based on rich mythological concepts that have developed during the development of the vast expanses of the Arctic space. The authors analyze ethnographic notes of the XIX—XX centuries and modern scientific publications, which examine the mythology and folklore of the Sakha people (Yakuts). An attempt has been made to clarify the question of the influence of knowledge about the fossil remains of the mammoth fauna on the formation of mythological ideas related to the peculiarities of the climate of the region being developed. The image of a mammoth is analyzed in the broad context of the mythological views of the Yakuts. It is concluded that secondary esoteric ideas about mammoths, caused by the discovery of their remains, could form the basis of a prototypical image for a number of characters in Yakut mythology, for example, a water bull and a cold bull. It is proved that the idea of mammoths could be reflected in the external appearance of the abaasy heroes in the epic folklore of the Sakha

TEACHING MODELS OF RUSSIAN LANGUAGE FOR BILINGUAL LEARNERS IN RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EDUCATION SYSTEMS

The article considers the implementation of different methods of learning and teaching Russian for bilingual learners in educational systems in Russia, former soviet countries and far abroad countries (EU, USA, Canada). Pragmatic goals of different categories of learners which are based on satisfaction in personal communicative needs and educational status of Russian determine content of teaching

Transmural heterogeneity in the mechanical and electrical properties of cardiomyocytes. Experimental study and modeling

Supported by the Russia Foundation for Basic Research (14-01-00885, 14-01-31134), by Presidium of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (12-M-14-2009, 12-П-4-1067) by Ural Federal University (Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation #02.A03.21.0006) and by JREX Fellowship for young researchers

Management at the enterprise on the basis of ESG principles in the conditions of sanctions pressure

The principles of ESG in management as the basis of sustainable development of the company, industry and economy in general are considered in the article. The authors deal with the issue, whether the rupture of economic links and financial schemes, as well as the exception of the Russian companies from the international ESG-ratings can lead to refusal of the ESG-principles in management. The features, peculiar to each of the ESG aspects in the conditions of the anti-Russian sanctions in 2022 are considered. The problems and strengths of the Russian companies, the degree of prevalence of the ESG principles among the Russian entrepreneurs are revealed. According to the data of analyst companies, research and polls, the authors conclude, that the enterprises applying the ESG-principles have more chances to recover from the current crisis successfully

Влияние задымления атмосферного воздуха в период аномальной жары на показатели заболеваемости и смертности по причине острых и хронических болезней дыхательной системы

Summary. Atmospheric air pollutants can cause pathologic response of airways and the total organism ranging from irritation of the airway mucosa to severe allergic reactions and bronchopulmonary diseases. Besides of anthropogenic sources the environmental smoke can originate from natural disasters such as earthquakes and fires. Solar irradiation can overheat the atmosphere and catalyze interactions between toxic air substances followed by fires and synthesis of new hazard chemicals. One of such natural phenomena was abnormally hot summer with extensive fires in 2010. Findings of ecological, statistical and healthcare emergency facilities of Moscow region showed a significant growth in respiratory morbidity and mortality during extreme smoke and abnormal heat. Number of emergency calls due to bronchopulmonary diseases was twice higher than in 2008 and 2009. The most frequent cause of seeking the emergency aid were bronchial asthma, acute bronchitis, and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Резюме. Поллютанты, содержащиеся в атмосферном воздухе, способны вызвать у гиперчувстительных людей негативные реакции со стороны дыхательных путей и всего организма – от раздражения слизистых оболочек респираторного тракта до развития тяжелых аллергических реакций и заболеваний бронхолегочной системы. Помимо техногенного воздействия причиной загрязнения окружающей среды могут стать природные катаклизмы – землетрясения и пожары. Лучистая энергия солнца способствует перегреванию слоев атмосферы и усилению реакций между токсическими субстанциями воздуха, приводящих к развитию пожаров с образованием новых химических соединений, опасных для здоровья. Ярким примером природных аномальных явлений является жара летом 2010 г., сопровождавшаяся обширными пожарами. На основании проведенного анализа данных ГПУ "Мосэкомониторинга", материалов Управления ЗАГС, ФГУЗ ЦГЭМ и сведений со станций скорой медицинской помощи регионов Подмосковья были получены результаты, свидетельствующие о значительном росте числа случаев заболеваний органов дыхания и увеличении смертности в периоды максимального задымления воздуха на фоне аномальной жары. Показатели количества вызовов скорой помощи по причине бронхолегочных заболеваний в июле–августе 2010 г. превышали таковые в 2008 и 2009 гг. в ≥ 2 раза. Наиболее частой причиной обращений за скорой помощью были бронхиальная астма, острый бронхит, обострение хронической обструктивной болезни легких

Specific shoot formation in Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Poaceae) under different environmental factors and DNA passportization using ISSR markers

The generic complex Miscanthus Anderss. (Poaceae) is a unique example among herbaceous plants characterized by high values of growth of aboveground vegetative mass and practical use as a valuable source of alternative energy. Miscanthus is one of the most efficient solar energy accumulators, and since phytomeliorative use implies the cultivation of these resource plants in inconvenient and semi-shady areas, the question about the effect of insufficient lighting on the productivity of Miscanthus arises. As a result of a long-lasing introduction effort, the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS created a population of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Benth., which has good prospects for growing under the conditions of the forest-steppe area in Western Siberia. The goals of our study were: (1) to determine the peculiarities of shoot formation, (2) to assess the cellulose and lignin accumulation in M. sacchariflorus populations under different lighting conditions and (3) to perform a DNA passportization of the Miscanthus population by ISSR marking. Evaluation of shoot formation and the amount of accumulated cellulose and lignin in plants was carried out under different degrees of illumination: one variant was grown in a sunny area, and the other, in partial shade. As a result of analysis of variance, it was found that the number of shoots does not depend on environmental conditions, but on the age of the plant, while environmental conditions have a significant effect on plant height. Although the samples of both M. sacchariflorus variants were characterized by different rates of creation of a continuous projective cover, plants in semi-shaded areas formed up to 89.34 % of shoots compared to their peers in illuminated areas, which did not affect significantly the size of the aboveground mass and the cellulose content in it. As a result of ISSR-analysis of genomic DNA in the M. sacchariflorus population, unique molecular polymorphic fragments were identified, which can be used for identification and DNA passportization at the inter-population level. Thus, the complex use of M. sacchariflorus as a valuable meliorative and bioenergetic culture is due to the high adaptive potential of this species. It was found that the illumination factor has virtually no effect on the amount of the cellulose content in the shoot, and a reduced content of the technologically undesirable lignin was observed in plants growing in the partial shade conditions