ТАЄМНИЦЯ ВИНИКНЕННЯ ГЕНІТАЛЬНОГО ЕНДОМЕТРІОЗУ: ТЕОРІЇ ПАТОГЕНЕЗУ В ІСТОРИЧНОМУ АСПЕКТІ ТА ВЛАСНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯХ

Метою дослідження є огляд теорій патогенезу генітального ендометріозу. До сьогодні це захворювання не втрачає своєї актуальності та залишається предметом палких дискусій. До того жжодна з теорій і концепцій етіології та патогенезу ендометріозу не може повністю пояснити ані причини, ані різноманітність локалізації вогнищ хвороби. Тому цей огляд, який скерований на ґрунтовний аналіз існуючих теорій походження генітального ендометріозу, повинен стат

Endothelioprotective property of the combination of the thioctic acid and rosuvastatin shown in the endothelial dysfunction models

During the experiment, the modeling of endothelial dysfunction of male rats was performed by intraperitoneal administration of L-NAME at a dose of 25 mg/kg for 7 days, and the same of female rats was performed by bilateral ovarioectomy and further intraperitoneal administration of L-NAME at a dose of 25 mg/kg for 7. The deficiency of nitric oxide as a result of the NO-synthase blockade was accompanied by the impairment of the endotheliumdependent and independent vasodilatation estimated in the pharmacological tests, which was expressed in the increasing coefficient of endothelial dysfunctio

ESTIMATION OF STATE OF PANCREAS AND CHANGE OF REGIONAL HEMODYNAMICS IN PATIENTS WITH EDEMATOUS FORM OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS WITH RECOVERY OUTCOME

The article shows peculiarities of regional circulation of the blood in patients with acute pancreatitis during conservative treatment. Obtained data allows to estimate state of pancreas objectively and also to control adequacy of the treatment

The role of obstetric pessary and micronized progesteron in early preterm birth prevention in patients with multiple pregnancy

Background. Multiple pregnancy is a well-established risk factor for preterm birth. Prevention of early termination of pregnancy is a priority problem in obstetric practice.The aim. To evaluate the role of an obstetric pessary and micronized progesterone in the prevention of early preterm labor in patients with multiple pregnancies.Materials and methods. A prospective controlled study was conducted with the inclusion of 146 pregnant women with multiple pregnancies, which, depending on the methods of treatment, were divided into three groups: Group I (n = 67) – pregnant women who received micronized progesterone in combination with an obstetric pessary; Group II (n = 57) included women who received micronized progesterone; Group III (n = 22) consisted of patients with multiple pregnancies without therapy.Results. In Group I, the complex of an obstetric pessary and micronized progesterone allowed to reduce the frequency of preterm birth by 2.3 times (p = 0.008) in comparison with Group III, the frequency of births at gestational age ≤ 34 weeks – by 8.1 times (p = 0.005) in compared with Group III and 2.7 times (p < 0.01) compared with Group II. In 70.4 % of pregnant women, the use of a complex of an obstetric pessary with micronized progesterone made it possible to prevent the formation of isthmiccervical insufficiency, which, according to sonography, was expressed in the dynamics of the utero-cervical angle towards a more obtuse one.Conclusion. The use of an obstetric pessary with micronized progesterone made it possible to reduce the risks of isthmic-cervical insufficiency by 7.7 % compared with patients who received only micronized progesterone therapy, and by 17.1 % compared with pregnant women who did not receive therapy

Bronchodilator reversibility test for broncho-obstructive syndrome detection and differential diagnosis of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Purpose – to analyze the method of bronchodilator reversibility test (BRT) at different doses of salbutamol in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Materials and methods. We examined 80 patients with broncho-obstructive syndrome, including 50 patients with a mild persistent BA (Group I) and 30 patients with COPD of moderate (course B) severity (Group II). All patients underwent routine methods of investigation: general clinical, laboratory, pulmonary function test, radiography of the chest organs (if needed), and statistical methods were used. Results. Two methods of BRT were performed that differed in the dose of salbutamol to examine the patients with BA and COPD. All 50 patients with BA were first examined for bronchodilator reversibility with 200 micrograms of salbutamol and then, usually in 2 weeks, with 400 micrograms of salbutamol. Reversibility was in all the patients with BA within 15 minutes after 200 micrograms of salbutamol inhalation, but in 30 patients (60 %) it was full (12 % and more than the previous, >200 ml), and in 20 patients it was partial (less than 12 % or 200 ml). Full reversibility was found in 46 out of the 50 patients (92 %) within 30 minutes and it was 12 % or more (>200 ml) in all the patients only within 45 minutes. When using a salbutamol dose of 400 mg in BRT, the following results were obtained: full reversibility was in 47 (94 %) patients within 15 minutes and in another 3 patients within 30 minutes, that is in all the patients with BA. 16 (53.3 %) patients with COPD were considered nonreversible following administration a dose of salbutamol 200 micrograms within 15 minutes and partial reversibility was in 14 (46.7 %) patients with COPD. Partial reversibility was found in 10 patients (33.3 %) after 30 minutes, and 6 patients (20.0 %) were nonreversible or reversibility was within 2–3 %; in 4 out of the 6 patients (93.24 % in total) partial reversibility was only after 45 minutes and the remaining two patients were nonreversible even after 60 minutes of the examination. BRT revealed partial reversibility at a salbutamol dose of 400 micrograms in 26 (86.6 %) patients with COPD within 15 minutes, in another 3 (96.6 %) patients – within 30 minutes and after 45 minutes – in all patients; none of the patients showed full reversibility. Conclusions. According to conducted study, salbutamol for BRT can be used at a dose of 200 and 400 mcg in patients with BA, but the time of repeated spirometry should be different: at 200 mcg – not earlier than 30 minutes, or preferably 45 minutes; and at 400 mcg – 15 minutes after or a maximum of 30 minutes. In patients with COPD, the use of salbutamol at a dose of 200 mcg is impractical, but a dose of 400 mcg should be used and repeated spirometry is needed not earlier than 30 minutes after a test dose of the drug

Prevalence and Severity of Breast Arterial Calcification on Routine Mammography

Aim. To determine the frequency of detection and severity of breast arterial calcification (BAC) among women undergoing mammography on the basis of medical institutions in Moscow.Material and methods. The analysis included 4274 digital mammograms of women aged 40-93 who underwent preventive or diagnostic mammography. Standard full-format digital mammograms were performed in craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique projections. In addition to the standard diagnosis of breast disease, all mammograms were evaluated for the presence of BAC. The severity of BAC was assessed on a 12-point scale: mild 3-4 points, moderate 5-6 points, severe 7-12 points.Results. The average frequency of BAC was 10.1%, in the middle age group 50-59 years – 6.0%. The incidence of BAC increased with age, from 0.4% to 0.6% in women <50 years of age to >50% in women ≥80 years of age. A statistically significant and pronounced correlation was found between the woman's age and the presence of BAC r Pearson =0.769 (p<0.001). There was also a less noticeable but statistically significant correlation between age and severity of BAC r Spearman =0.319 (p<0.001). Regression analysis made it possible to estimate the probability of CAD depending on age. In women <50 years of age, only mild to moderate calcification occurred, while those ≥65 years of age had a significant increase in the incidence of severe CAD.Conclusion. There was an expected increase with age in both prevalence and severity of BAC. Cases of severe BAC in women younger than 65 years of age and any BAC in women younger than 50 years of age are atypical and require clarification of their association with cardiovascular and other diseases

Содержание биологически активных веществ в проростках капусты рода Brassica L.

Relevance. Photosynthetic seedlings, as a model object, are interesting both in the study of nutritional value and the species response of a plant organism to the cultivation.Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of the laboratory analytical department of the FSBSI FSVC. The material of the research was sprouts of Brassica chinensis L., cv. Vesnyanka; Brassica oleraceae L. var. italica Plenck, cv. Tonus; Brassica oleracea L. convar. acephala DC., cv. Malinovka; Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L., hybrid F1 Sonata and cv. Venskaya Belaya 1350; Brassica oleracea L. convar. capitata (L.) Alef. var. capitata L. f. rubra (L.) Thell., cv. Gako 741. The seeds of the 2018 harvest were germinated in filter paper cassettes using distilled water. The cassettes with seeds were placed in a thermostat under constant illumination and a temperature of 25°C. They have been germinated for 8 days, after which a biochemical analysis of the samples was carried out.Results. It was found out that the total content of water-soluble antioxidants in the studied of cabbage crops was in the range of concentrations from 3.58-4.57 mg-eq HA/g (wet weight). According to this indicator of 8-day-old seedlings, red cabbage variety Gako 741 was distinguished by the maximum values. The total content of antioxidants in the alcoholic extract ranged from 21.24 to 28.23 mg-eq HA/g (dry weight). The content of polyphenols – in the concentration range of 16.39-24.94 mg-eq of HA/g (dry weight). As a result of the research, direct correlations of the studied characteristics were revealed. A high correlation was shown between the content of water-soluble antioxidants and dry matter (r=0.72...0.98) and between the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls (r=0.98...0. 99).Актуальность. В настоящее время исследователи активно изучают проростки овощных культур, особенности их роста и развития, пищевую ценность. Фотосинтезирующие проростки, как модельный объект, интересен как при изучении пищевой ценности, так и видовой реакции растительного организма при культивировании. В связи с этим, комплексное изучение биологически активных соединений в проростках капустных культур, является актуальным.Материал и методика. Исследование проводили на базе лабораторно-аналитического отдела ФГБНУ «Федерального научного центра овощеводства» (ФГБНУ ФНЦО). Материалом исследований являлись проростки капусты китайской (Brassica chinensis L.) – сорт Веснянка, капусты брокколи (Brassica oleraceae L. var. italica Plenck) – сорт Тонус, капусты декоративной (Brassica oleracea L. convar. acephala DC.) – сорт Малиновка, капусты кольраби (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.) – гибрид F1 Соната и сорт Венская белая 1350, капусты краснокочанной (Brassica oleracea L. convar. Capitata (L.) Alef. var. capitata L. f. rubra (L.) Thell.) – сорт Гако 741. Семена урожая 2018 года проращивали в кассетах на фильтровальной бумаге, используя дистиллированную воду. Кассеты с семенами помещали в термостат, при постоянном освещении и температуре 25°С. Проращивали в течение 8 суток, после чего проводили биохимический анализ исследуемых образцов.Результаты. Суммарное содержание водорастворимых антиоксидантов в исследованных проростках капустных культур находилось в пределах концентраций от 3,58-4,57 мг-экв ГК/г (сырой массы). По этому показателю у 8-суточных проростков максимальными значениями выделялась капуста краснокочанная. Суммарное содержание антиоксидантов в спиртовом экстракте составило от 21,24 до 28,23 мг-экв ГК/г (cухой массы), содержание полифенолов – в пределах 16,39-24,94 мг-экв ГК/г (сухой массы). В результате исследований выявлены прямые корреляционные взаимосвязи изученных признаков: высокая – между содержанием водорастворимых антиоксидантов и сухого вещества (r=0,72…0,98) и между содержанием каротиноидов и хлорофиллов (r=0,98…0,99)

СЕЛЕКЦИОННАЯ И БИОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ФОРМ ЛУКА, СОЗДАННЫХ НА ОСНОВЕ МЕЖВИДОВОЙ ГИБРИДИЗАЦИИ

One of the most important crops among all types of Alliums is onion, the value of which is determined by the nutritional and medicinal properties. It is used not only as a seasoning for food, but also as a source of a number of biologically active substances. The biochemical composition of the bulbs and its green leaves in different periods of growth and development varies, depending on the variety, environmental conditions and agrotechnical methods of cultivation. Creation on the basis of interspecies hybridization of fundamentally new forms of Allium plants with a unique combination of genetic material allows to expand the possibility of selection of valuable genotypes in practical terms. The study was performed on plants of the inbred progenies I4-5 from BC1-2 bulbous forms of interspecific hybrids of Allium crossing combinations F5(A. cepa xA. vavilovii), F5(A. cepa x A. fistulosum). The biometric assessment was carried out after harvesting and drying the bulbs according to the "test Procedure for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability" according to the main breeding characteristics: the color of the dry cover scales of the bulb, the mass of the bulb, the shape of the bulb. As the standard used plant varieties Odintsovets. The biochemical composition of onion samples was determined by the content of dry matter, monosaccharides, the amount of sugars, ascorbic acid, antioxidants. Based on the biometric assessment of the forms of interspecific hybrids of onions, 5 forms were identified according to the uniformity of such features as the color of dry cover scales and the shape of the bulb weighing 50-60 g, which are a qualitatively new source material for breeding. In determining the biochemical composition of the isolated forms of interspecific hybrids of Alliums on the main breeding grounds found that the plants of these forms of onions indicators of dry matter (15%), monosaccharides (1.15-1.71%), the amount of sugars (11.17%), were at the level of the standard, or exceeded it, but the total content of antioxidants (8.22 mg/g) inferior to the standard.Одной из наиболее важных культур среди всех видов лука является лук репчатый, ценность которого определяется пищевкусовыми и лекарственными свойствами. Его используют не только в качестве приправы к пище, но и как источник ряда биологически активных веществ. Биохимический состав луковиц и его зеленых листьев в разные периоды роста и развития изменяется, зависит от сорта, экологических условий и агротехнических приемов возделывания растений. Создание на основе межвидовой гибридизации принципиально новых форм растений лука с уникальным сочетанием генетического материала позволяет расширить возможность отбора ценных в практическом отношении генотипов. Исследования проводили на растениях из инбредных потомств I4-5 от ВС1-2 луковичных форм межвидовых гибридов лука комбинаций скрещивания F5(A.cepa x A.vavilovii), F5(A.cepa x A.fistulosum). Биометрическую оценку проводили после уборки и подсушивания луковиц согласно «Методике проведения испытаний на отличимость, однородность и стабильность» по основным селекционным признакам: окраске сухих покровных чешуй луковицы, массе луковицы, форме луковицы. В качестве стандарта использовали растения сорта Одинцовец. Биохимический состав образцов лука определяли по содержанию сухого вещества, моносахаров, суммы сахаров, аскорбиновой кислоты, антиоксидантов. На основании биометрической оценки форм межвидовых гибридов лука выделено 5 форм по выравненности таких признаков, как окраске сухих покровных чешуй и форме луковицы массой 50-60 г, которые являются качественно новым исходным материалом для селекционной работы. При определении биохимического состава выделенных форм межвидовых гибридов лука по основным селекционным признакам установлено, что у растений данных форм лука показатели содержания сухого вещества (15%), моносахаров (1,15-1,71%), суммы сахаров (11,17%), находились на уровне стандарта, либо превышали его, но по суммарному содержанию антиоксидантов (8,22 мг/г) уступали стандарту

Ultrasound of Acute Appendicitis in the Admission Room of a Multidisciplinary Surgical Hospital

Ultrasound (US) for diagnosing acute appendicitis (AA) and its complications in the admission room may be used as a primary diagnostic method in urgent patients. A total of 180 adult patients underwent US for suspected appendicitis; these results showed high possibilities in pathology screening and differential diagnosis from similar clinical diseases. The accuracy of US in detecting AA with obvious clinical findings and typical position is 100%, but in retrocecal and retroperitoneal forms, it decreases to 84%. With our algorithm of the right iliac and localized pain regions, US scanning optimizes the screening of patients with suspected AA presented in the admission room

Роль D-димеров плазмы крови в диагностике тромботических состояний у больных с хронической ишемической болезнью сердца

Objecive: to estimate hemostatic parameters in 15 cardiosurgical patients with chronic coronary heart disease. Ten parameters of the hemostatic system were determined at 4 stages. The patients were divided into 2 groups in relation to the baseline level of D-dimers. The study demonstrated that hypercoagulation and depressed fibrinolysis retained despite the baseline coagulative potential and the performed therapy in all the patients before discharge. It is obvious that the standard approaches to diagnosing hemostatic disorders and correcting them should be revised. Цель исследования : оценка показателей системы гемостаза у 15 кардиохирургических больных с хронической ише-мической болезнью сердца. Определяли 10 показателей системы гемостаза на 4 этапах. Больные были разделены на две группы в зависимости от исходного уровня D-димеров. Исследование продемонстрировало, что, несмотря на разный изначальный коагуляционный потенциал и проведенное лечение, у всех больных перед выпиской сохранялась гиперкоагуляция и депрессия фибринолиза. Очевидно, что необходимо пересмотреть стандартные подходы к диагностике нарушений в системе гемостаза и коррекции этих нарушений.