Financial analysis of the leading oil and gas companies in the Russian Federation for 2021

Oil and gas complex is a common name for a group of industries for the extraction, transportation and processing of oil and gas and the distribution of products of their processing. Oil and gas complex plays a significant role in the development of the economy both in the domestic and foreign markets. The article focuses on the contribution of the industry to the country’s economy, in addition, the resource base of minerals of the Russian Federation is considered. The dependence of the Russian economy on oil and gas is clearly demonstrated. The analysis of the current situation on the oil and gas market is carried out, the impact of the oil and gas complex on the economic indicators of Russia is assessed. The article examines and analyses the leading vertically integrated oil companies. This analysis allows us to see the developing and increasing indicators of companies in terms of progress

Mass distributions of the system 136Xe + 208Pb at laboratory energies around the Coulomb barrier:A candidate reaction for the production of neutron-rich nuclei at N = 126

Reaction products from the system 136Xe + 208Pb at 136Xe ions laboratory energies of 700, 870, and 1020 MeV were studied by two-body kinematics and by a catcher-foil activity analysis to explore the theoretically proposed suitability of such reaction as a means to produce neutron-rich nuclei in the neutron shell closure N = 126. Cross sections for products heavier than 208Pb were measured and were found sensibly larger than new theoretical predictions. Transfers of up to 16 nucleons from Xe to Pb were observed

Development of in silico models to predict viscosity and mouse clearance using a comprehensive analytical data set collected on 83 scaffold-consistent monoclonal antibodies

ABSTRACTBiologic drug discovery pipelines are designed to deliver protein therapeutics that have exquisite functional potency and selectivity while also manifesting biophysical characteristics suitable for manufacturing, storage, and convenient administration to patients. The ability to use computational methods to predict biophysical properties from protein sequence, potentially in combination with high throughput assays, could decrease timelines and increase the success rates for therapeutic developability engineering by eliminating lengthy and expensive cycles of recombinant protein production and testing. To support development of high-quality predictive models for antibody developability, we designed a sequence-diverse panel of 83 effector functionless IgG1 antibodies displaying a range of biophysical properties, produced and formulated each protein under standard platform conditions, and collected a comprehensive package of analytical data, including in vitro assays and in vivo mouse pharmacokinetics. We used this robust training data set to build machine learning classifier models that can predict complex protein behavior from these data and features derived from predicted and/or experimental structures. Our models predict with 87% accuracy whether viscosity at 150 mg/mL is above or below a threshold of 15 centipoise (cP) and with 75% accuracy whether the area under the plasma drug concentration–time curve (AUC0–672 h) in normal mouse is above or below a threshold of 3.9 × 106 h x ng/mL

HIV-1 Nef promotes infection by excluding SERINC5 from virion incorporation

HIV-1 Nef, a protein important for the development of AIDS, has well-characterized effects on host membrane trafficking and receptor downregulation. By an unidentified mechanism, Nef increases the intrinsic infectivity of HIV-1 virions in a host-cell-dependent manner. Here we identify the host transmembrane protein SERINC5, and to a lesser extent SERINC3, as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 particle infectivity that is counteracted by Nef. SERINC5 localizes to the plasma membrane, where it is efficiently incorporated into budding HIV-1 virions and impairs subsequent virion penetration of susceptible target cells. Nef redirects SERINC5 to a Rab7-positive endosomal compartment and thereby excludes it from HIV-1 particles. The ability to counteract SERINC5 was conserved in Nef encoded by diverse primate immunodeficiency viruses, as well as in the structurally unrelated glycosylated Gag from murine leukaemia virus. These examples of functional conservation and convergent evolution emphasize the fundamental importance of SERINC5 as a potent anti-retroviral factor