70 research outputs found
Momentum Space Integral Equations for Three Charged Particles: Diagonal Kernels
It has been a long-standing question whether momentum space integral
equations of the Faddeev type are applicable to reactions of three charged
particles, in particular above the three-body threshold. For, the presence of
long-range Coulomb forces has been thought to give rise to such severe
singularities in their kernels that the latter may lack the compactness
property known to exist in the case of purely short-range interactions.
Employing the rigorously equivalent formulation in terms of an
effective-two-body theory we have proved in a preceding paper [Phys. Rev. C
{\bf 61}, 064006 (2000)] that, for all energies, the nondiagonal kernels
occurring in the integral equations which determine the transition amplitudes
for all binary collision processes, possess on and off the energy shell only
integrable singularities, provided all three particles have charges of the same
sign, i.e., all Coulomb interactions are repulsive. In the present paper we
prove that, for particles with charges of equal sign, the diagonal kernels, in
contrast, possess one, but only one, nonintegrable singularity. The latter can,
however, be isolated explicitly and dealt with in a well-defined manner. Taken
together these results imply that modified integral equations can be
formulated, with kernels that become compact after a few iterations. This
concludes the proof that standard solution methods can be used for the
calculation of all binary (i.e., (in-)elastic and rearrangement) amplitudes by
means of momentum space integral equations of the effective-two-body type.Comment: 36 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Triangle Diagram with Off-Shell Coulomb T-Matrix for (In-)Elastic Atomic and Nuclear Three-Body Processes
The driving terms in three-body theories of elastic and inelastic scattering
of a charged particle off a bound state of two other charged particles contain
the fully off-shell two-body Coulomb T-matrix describing the intermediate-state
Coulomb scattering of the projectile with each of the charged target particles.
Up to now the latter is usually replaced by the Coulomb potential, either when
using the multiple-scattering approach or when solving three-body integral
equations. General properties of the exact and the approximate on-shell driving
terms are discussed, and the accuracy of this approximation is investigated
numerically, both for atomic and nuclear processes including bound-state
excitation, for energies below and above the corresponding three-body
dissociation threshold, over the whole range of scattering angles.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, figures can be obtained upon request from the
Authors, revte
Proton-Deuteron Elastic Scattering from 2.5 to 22.5 MeV
We present the results of a calculation of differential cross sections and
polarization observables for proton-deuteron elastic scattering, for proton
laboratory energies from 2.5 to 22.5 MeV. The Paris potential parametrisation
of the nuclear force is used. As solution method for the charged-composite
particle equations the 'screening and renormalisation approach' is adopted
which allows to correctly take into account the Coulomb repulsion between the
two protons. Comparison is made with the precise experimental data of Sagara et
al. [Phys. Rev. C 50, 576 (1994)] and of Sperison et al. [Nucl. Phys. A422, 81
(1984)].Comment: 24 pages, 8 eps figures, uses REVTe
Long-range behavior of the optical potential for the elastic scattering of charged composite particles
The asymptotic behavior of the optical potential, describing elastic
scattering of a charged particle off a bound state of two charged, or
one charged and one neutral, particles at small momentum transfer
or equivalently at large intercluster distance
, is investigated within the framework of the exact three-body
theory. For the three-charged-particle Green function that occurs in the exact
expression for the optical potential, a recently derived expression, which is
appropriate for the asymptotic region under consideration, is used. We find
that for arbitrary values of the energy parameter the non-static part of the
optical potential behaves for as
. From this we derive for the
Fourier transform of its on-shell restriction for the behavior , i.e.,
dipole or quadrupole terms do not occur in the coordinate-space asymptotics.
This result corroborates the standard one, which is obtained by perturbative
methods. The general, energy-dependent expression for the dynamic
polarisability is derived; on the energy shell it reduces to the
conventional polarisability which is independent of the energy. We
emphasize that the present derivation is {\em non-perturbative}, i.e., it does
not make use of adiabatic or similar approximations, and is valid for energies
{\em below as well as above the three-body dissociation threshold}.Comment: 35 pages, no figures, revte
Scattering theory for arbitrary potentials
The fundamental quantities of potential scattering theory are generalized to
accommodate long-range interactions. New definitions for the scattering
amplitude and wave operators valid for arbitrary interactions including
potentials with a Coulomb tail are presented. It is shown that for the Coulomb
potential the generalized amplitude gives the physical on-shell amplitude
without recourse to a renormalization procedure.Comment: To be published in Phys Rev
Potential role of galanine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
The growing incidence of diabetes mellitus requires the optimizing of existing approaches and searching for new ones to treat this disease. It is necessary to study the features of other regulators that play a significant role in the process of glucose uptake by cells, along with the insulin resistance caused by defects in the molecular mechanisms of insulin action. Galanine, a neuropeptide of 29 (30 in humans) amino acids, is involved in a large number of different vital functions, including regulating energy metabolism in the cell. Galanine interacts with three G protein-coupled receptors, GAL1, GAL2, and GAL3, and transmitting signals through several transduction pathways, including cAMP/PKA inhibition (GAL1, GAL3) and phospholipase C (GAL2) stimulation. Agonists and antagonists of galanine receptor subtype GalR1-3 can be used as intended therapeutic targets to treat various human diseases. We accumulated more data that prove the importance of the galanine peptide regulator in the etiology of impaired glucose uptake by insulin-dependent tissues. The review considers such effects of galanine, as inhibition of insulin synthesis, activation of expression and translocation to the plasma cell membrane of the glucose transporter GLUT4, increase of PPAR-g level, and decrease in duodenal hyper-contractility. These data confirm the importance of research to find an effective antidiabetic drug among the synthesized analogs of galanine
Closed-form expressions for state-to-state charge-transfer differential cross sections in a modified Faddeev three-body approach
Исследование сорбции лекарственных веществ перфтораном
Objective: to estimate the perfluorane adsorption capacity of the drugs belonging to different pharmacological groups. Materials and methods. The binding of perfluorane to 50 drugs at concentrations of 12.5 to 100 ^M was studied in vitro using equilibrium dialysis. Results. Interactions of ligands with the particles of perfluorane emulsion were found to be of three types. Type 1 substances were characterized by negative affinity to perfluorane; type 2 ligands acted indifferently with the emulsion; type 3 compounds were reversibly adsorbed with the particles of the blood substitute by the affinity constants ( Kaff) of 104 M-1. Conclusion. The perfluorane adsorption capacity is ambiguous and seems to depend on the properties of ligands. Type 3 interactions, which may lead to an increase in blood adsorption capacity and change in the pharmacokinet-ics of drugs used in combination with perfluorane, appear to be the most important. Key words: perfluorane, binding, drugs, drug interactions.Цель исследования — оценка сорбционной способности перфторана в отношении лекарственных веществ, принадлежащих к различным фармакологическим группам. Материалы и методы. В экспериментах in vitro с помощью метода равновесного диализа исследована степень связывания с перфтораном 50 лекарственных веществ, взятых в концентрациях от 12,5 до 100 мкМ. Результаты. Выявлены три типа взаимодействия лигандов с частицами эмульсии перфторана. Вещества первого типа характеризовались негативной тропностью к перфторану; ли-ганды второго типа вели себя индифферентно по отношению к эмульсии; соединения третьего типа обратимо сорбировались частицами кровезаменителя с константами взаимодействия Kag порядка 104 М-1. Заключение. Сорбционная активность перфторана в отношении лекарственных веществ проявляется неоднозначно и, по-видимому, зависит от свойств лигандов. Наиболее значимыми представляются взаимодействия третьего типа, результатом которых может стать увеличение сорбционной емкости крови и изменение фармакокинетики лекарств, используемых совместно с перфтораном. Ключевые слова: перфторан, связывание, лекарственные вещества, лекарственные взаимодействия
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