A Review Of Solar Energy

Solar Energy is the prime important source of energy, and it has continued to gain popularity globally. As of 2018, about 486 GW of solar PV was installed worldwide. One of the key requirements for socio-economic improvement in any nation of the world is the provision of dependable electricity supply systems. Recently, there is a massive growth in access to solar electricity in several Africa countries, notably South Africa, Egypt, Morocco, and Algeria. As a result, it decreases the global population without access to electricity with an appreciable value. This paper review the present state of solar energy capacity in the world also identifies vital approaches of improving their functionality, reliability, and affordability as well as the essential method that policymakers may implement in the future. The result shows that there is a recurrent growth in solar energy annually and as at the end of 2018 Asia with the largest capacity of 56.58%, while Central America and the Caribbean have the lowest installed capacity of 0.36%. As the request for an uninterrupted supply increases in different regions, progressive builders are embracing solar photovoltaics (PV) renewable energy as an option for their customers

PROTOCOL FOR A SCOPING REVIEW ON THE CONCEPTUALIZATION OF COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP LITERATURE

Purpose: Competitive intelligence is a crucial skill increasingly required of entrepreneurs across firms, since guidance to enterprises on this crucial skill has proven to be problematic over the years, owing primarily to a lack of unified understanding of its meaning as well as the erroneous use of the term interchangeably with other close but dissimilar concepts. This paper aims to establish a protocol for a scoping review of relevant literature, to map, compare and synthesize the disparate conceptualizations available and relative theoretical underpinnings, in a bid to systematically derive a more robust and comprehensive definition and terminology that accurately captures all facets of the competitive intelligence concept.Methods and Analysis: This scoping review will follow the methodological recommendations first developed by Arksey and O’Malley, and subsequently refined by Levac and colleagues. A management practitioner as well as a local librarian will be involved in the development of the search strategy, and the search will be conducted in electronic databases (Web of Science, SCOPUS and EBSCO Business Complete).Ethics and dissemination: this scoping review will aid the design of upcoming studies on competitive intelligence using accurate, comprehensive and scientifically conceptualized and operationalized terminology. Results of the review will be widely distributed via journal publications and conference presentations

Prediction of Carcass Weight from Live Body Weight and Morpho-Biometric Traits of Male Nigerian Indigenous Chickens Using Path Coefficient Analysis

Carcass weight has great economic importance in poultry industry and is associated with other traits. This study investigates correlations among morpho-biometric traits (body length (BL), thigh length (TL), breast girth (BL), shank length (SL) and wing length (WL), livebody weight (LBW) and carcass weight (CW) in male chickens and quantifies the direct and indirect influence of LBW and morpho-biometric traits on CW. The aforementioned traits were measured in 187 male Nigerian indigenous chickens at 20 weeks of age. Correlation and regression coefficients among the traits were obtained to determine the intensity and nature of their association while the path analysis was used to investigate effects of LBW and morpho-biometric traits on CW trait. All analyses were done by SAS 9.1.3 software. The correlation coefficients among morpho-biometric traits, LBW and CW ranged from 0.1953 to 0.9930. The highest correlation was between LBW and CW (0.9930). The results showed a positive and highly significant correlation (P 0.05). The LBW had the highest direct influence on CW followed by BG. Individual pre-selection for these traits could favour an increased CW in the future generations of this chicken type since the LBW and the BG are directly related to CW

Prediction of Carcass Weight from Live Body Weight and Morpho-Biometric Traits of Male Nigerian Indigenous Chickens Using Path Coefficient Analysis

Carcass weight has great economic importance in poultry industry and is associated with other traits. This study investigates correlations among morpho-biometric traits (body length (BL), thigh length (TL), breast girth (BL), shank length (SL) and wing length (WL), livebody weight (LBW) and carcass weight (CW) in male chickens and quantifies the direct and indirect influence of LBW and morpho-biometric traits on CW. The aforementioned traits were measured in 187 male Nigerian indigenous chickens at 20 weeks of age. Correlation and regression coefficients among the traits were obtained to determine the intensity and nature of their association while the path analysis was used to investigate effects of LBW and morpho-biometric traits on CW trait. All analyses were done by SAS 9.1.3 software. The correlation coefficients among morpho-biometric traits, LBW and CW ranged from 0.1953 to 0.9930. The highest correlation was between LBW and CW (0.9930). The results showed a positive and highly significant correlation (P 0.05). The LBW had the highest direct influence on CW followed by BG. Individual pre-selection for these traits could favour an increased CW in the future generations of this chicken type since the LBW and the BG are directly related to CW

Utilization of Ceramic Ware Waste as Complementary Aggregate in Hollow Masonry Unit Production

Continuous increase in ceramic ware waste from construction and demolition waste without good management practice has resulted in elevated volume of this waste category. However, utilization of this waste in masonry unit production could be a plausible option to solve this menace, particularly, in its ability to enhance masonry unit compressive strength. In this study, ceramic ware waste was utilized for hollow masonry unit production and three different natural fine aggregate to ceramic aggregate mix ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30 were examined. Furthermore, the cement to total aggregate mix ratio considered was 1:7. Sequel to the process of aggregates mixing, casting, and subsequently demoulding, the masonry units were cured for 28 days prior to inspection for compressive test parameters. Results indicated that masonry unit with natural sand to ceramic waste mix ratio of 80:20 has the highest crushing strength at peak, yield and break point which were 60.903kN, 60.493kN and 53.863kN respectively. The compressive stress at peak and break were 6.57MPa and 6.50MPa in that order and Young’s modulus was 0.262GPa. Statistically, there were no significant differences at 95% confidence interval between the aggregate mix masonry units when the compressive strength indices were evaluated. Ceramics ware waste from demolition and construction waste is a suitable co-aggregate in hollow masonry unit production

Development and Testing of A Hybrid Distribution Board

The intermittent power supply in the country has given rise to the use of direct current (DC) source as a substitute, however, most devices such as LED lamps, refrigerators, television, and radios are available in DC nowadays and cannot be connected to the conventional mains supply without the help of other devices like AC to DC converters. This prompts the need for a hybrid distribution board capable of supplying AC and DC concurrently to a final sub-circuit of an electrical installation of a building where DC and AC devices are required. Major components used are an isolator, miniature circuit breakers, and a rectifying module that convert a section of the AC source to the correct voltage level to power the DC load. The design was implemented and tested on a demonstration board having two separate circuitry loads installed on it. The circuitry loads are DC and AC, the DC load is comprised of a 5W DC bulb controlled with a gang switch, while the second circuitry is comprised of a 13A single socket outlet and a 10W LED lamp controlled with a gang switch. The result shows that both the DC and AC output works perfectly which when encourage will minimise power consumption and make provision for the connection of DC appliances without the use of external converter and step-down transformers