Numerical solution of linear models in economics: The SP-DG model revisited

In general, complex and large dimensional models are needed to solve real economic problems. Due to these characteristics, there is either no analytical solution for them or they are not attainable. As a result, solutions can be only obtained through numerical methods. Thus, the growing importance of computers in Economics is not surprising. This paper focuses on an implementation of the SP-DG model, using Matlab,developed by the students as part of the Computational Economics course. We also discuss some of our teaching/learning experience within the course, given for the first time in the FEP Doctoral Programme in Economics.SP-DG Model, Output, Inflation, Numerical Simulation, Teaching of Economics

Transducer electronic data sheets: anywhere, anytime, anyway

Transducer electronic data sheets (TEDS) are a key element of smart transducers because they support core features such as plug and play, self-calibration, and self-diagnostics. The ISO/IEC/IEEE 21451-4 standard defines templates to describe the most common types of transducers and suggests the use of one-wire memories to store the corresponding data. In this paper we explore new ways to store and access TEDS tables, including near field communication (NFC) tags and QR codes. We also present a mobile TEDS parser, compatible with Android, that is capable of reading TEDS data from all supported mediums (one-wire memories, NFC tags, and QR codes) and decoding them as human-readable text. The idea is to make TEDS available in the easiest way possible. We also underline the need to extend the 21451-4 standard by adding support for frequency-time sensors. A new TEDS template is proposed, and filling examples are presented. The main novelties of the paper are (i) the proposal of new ways to store 21451-4 TEDS tables using NFC tags and QR codes; (ii) the release of new tools to access TEDS tables including a mobile parser; and (iii) the definition of a new TEDS template for frequency-time sensors.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

IoT-based systems for soil nutrients assessment in horticulture

Soil nutrients assessment has great importance in horticulture. Implementation of an information system for horticulture faces many challenges: (i) great spatial variability within farms (e.g., hilly topography); (ii) different soil properties (e.g., different water holding capacity, different content in sand, sit, clay, and soil organic matter, different pH, and different permeability) for different cultivated plants; (iii) different soil nutrient uptake by different cultivated plants; (iv) small size of monoculture; and (v) great variety of farm components, agroecological zone, and socio-economic factors. Advances in information and communication technologies enable creation of low cost, efficient information systems that would improve resources management and increase productivity and sustainability of horticultural farms. We present an information system based on different sensing capability, Internet of Things, and mobile application for horticultural farms. An overview on different techniques and technologies for soil fertility evaluation is also presented. The results obtained in a botanical garden that simulates the diversity of environment and plant diversity of a horticultural farm are discussed considering the challenges identified in the literature and field research. The study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the development of technologies that enable horticultural farmers to improve resources management.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Health burden and costs attributable to the carbon footprint of the health sector in the European Union

Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the COST Action CA18218 European Burden of Disease Network for supporting the project, by providing a collaborative platform for knowledge sharing and discussion. Publisher Copyright: © 2024Background: The healthcare sector has an environmental impact of around 4.6% of global CO2 emissions, contributing to aggravating the climate crisis. However, the impact of the health sector's emissions on human health is not regularly assessed. We aim to estimate the health burden and associated costs of the health sector's carbon footprint within the European Union (EU). Methods: We calculated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and associated costs based on human health damage factors (DALYs/kg-CO2e) by considering four scenarios. Three scenarios for shared socioeconomic pathways (S1 – high growth, S2 − baseline, and S3 − low growth) represented variations of global society, demographics, and economics until 2100. A fourth scenario (S4) considered the current EU's 55% reduction goal of greenhouse gas emissions. The healthcare sector's emissions per capita (in CO2-equivalent) in 2019 were extracted from the Lancet Countdown, and population data were retrieved from Eurostat for the same year. Results: In the EU, 365,047 DALYs (95%CI: 194,692–535,403) are expected to be caused by the health sector's emissions at baseline (S2). In an S1 scenario, the burden would slightly decrease to 316,374 DALYs (95%CI: 170,355–462,393), whereas a S3 scenario would increase 486,730 DALYs (95%CI: 243,365–681,422). If EU's carbon goals are met, the burden could be substantially reduced to 164,271 DALYs (95%CI: 87,611–240,931). Costs can amount to 25.6 billion euros, when considering DALYs monetisation. Conclusion: CO2 emissions from the health sector are expected to significantly impact human health. Therefore, it is important to ensure that EU climate policies for public buildings are in line with the Paris Agreement, increase funding for climate mitigation programs within the healthcare sector, and review clinical practices at the local level.publishersversionpublishe

Mil dias, 150 textos.

bitstream/item/33577/1/documento-158.pd

Study of latencies in ThingSpeak

IoT platforms play an important role on modern measurement systems because they allow the ingestion and processing of huge amounts of data (big data). Given the increasing use of these platforms, it is important to characterize their performance and robustness in real application scenarios. The paper analyzes the ThingSpeak platform by measuring the latencies associated to data packets sent to cloud and replied back, and by checking the consistency of the returned data. Several experiments were done considering different ways to access the platform: REST API, MQTT API, and MQTT broker alone. For each experiment, the methodology is explained, results are presented, and conclusions are extracted. The REST and MQTT APIs have similar performances, with roundtrip times between 1 s and 3 s. The MQTT broker alone is more agile, with roundtrip times below 250 ms. In all cases, the up and down links are far from being symmetric, with the uplink delay showing higher variance than the downlink delay. The obtained results can serve as a reference for other IoT platforms and provide guidelines for application development.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Avaliação da fertilidade de um latossolo amarelo textura média para o cultivo do açaizeiro no estado do Pará.

Com o objetivo de avaliar as limitações nutricionais para o cultivo do açaizeiro (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) em Latossolo Amarelo, textura média, no estado do Pará, conduziu-se experimento em casa de vegetação, fundamentado na técnica de diagnose por subtração. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, e os tratamentos foram: completo, adição de NPK e omissão individual de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S e B. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que os macronutrientes mais limitantes para o crescimento do açaizeiro, em Latossolo Amarelo textura média, foram o fósforo, o nitrogênio, o potássio e o magnésio. A aplicação somente de NPK limitou a produção de massa seca das plantas, mostrando que há necessidade da aplicação de outros nutrientes (Ca, Mg, S e micronutrientes) e calagem para promover crescimento satisfatório do açaizeiro. As omissões de macronutrientes resultaram em alterações morfológicas, traduzidas como sintomas característicos de deficiência nutricional de cada nutriente. Os teores de macronutrientes e boro nas folhas, caule e raízes sofreram alterações com as omissões individuais de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio, magnésio, enxofre e bor