PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF HAMMADA SCOPARIA EXTRACTS FROM SOUTHEASTERN ALGERIA

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents and to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the aerial part extracts of Hammada scoparia (Pomel) Iljin to validate the medicinal potential of this Algerian plant species.Methods: Crude extracts were prepared by cold maceration with absolute methanol and distilled water. Preliminary phytochemical screening is carried out to detect the presence of the major secondary metabolites using qualitative characterization methods. Quantitative estimation of total phenols, total flavonoids, flavanols, flavonols, and condensed tannins contents is performed using gallic acid, rutin, catechin, and quercetin as standards. In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by the free radical scavenging activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity by scavenging of 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation assay, and the ferric reducing power assay (ferric reducing antioxidant power).Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes and sterols, saponins, and anthocyanins. Total phenols were present more in aqueous crude extract (ACE) with 336.756±0.855 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DM. Total flavonoids and flavonols were more abundant in methanolic crude extract (MCE) than ACE. However, condensed tannins and flavanols were present less in MCE with only 0.958±0.052 and 4.547±0.055 mg CE/g DM, respectively. The ACE of this plant species had greater antioxidant activity than the other extract by DPPH and ABTS assays (35.823±0.129 and 51.323±0.394 mg trolox equivalent/g DM). The better ferric reducing power (2060.535±2.566 mM Fe+2/g DM) was also recorded with the same extract.Conclusion: ACE of aerial part of H. scoparia (Pomel) Iljin showed a high amount of secondary metabolites. The obtained results confirmed that the extracting solvent influenced the antioxidant property estimations of this plant. Hence, the ACE can be further exploited further for in vitro and in vivo research work

Centralizing Higher Left Centralizers on Prime Gamma Rings

In this paper  we study the commutativity  of prime ................

Centralizing (Sigma, Tau)-Derivations on Prime Gamma-Rings

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A deep level set method for image segmentation

This paper proposes a novel image segmentation approachthat integrates fully convolutional networks (FCNs) with a level setmodel. Compared with a FCN, the integrated method can incorporatesmoothing and prior information to achieve an accurate segmentation.Furthermore, different than using the level set model as a post-processingtool, we integrate it into the training phase to fine-tune the FCN. Thisallows the use of unlabeled data during training in a semi-supervisedsetting. Using two types of medical imaging data (liver CT and left ven-tricle MRI data), we show that the integrated method achieves goodperformance even when little training data is available, outperformingthe FCN or the level set model alone

Condyloma Acuminata Presenting as Isolated Papillary Lesions in the Prostatic Urethra

BACKGROUND A condyloma acuminatum is a sexually transmitted, human papillomavirus (HPV) associated, neoplasm. In men, it is predominantly found on external genitalia and rarely progresses more proximally than the distal penile urethra. Condyloma acuminata of the prostatic urethra are rare and are usually seen as an extension of, or in association with external lesions. Therefore, it is not typically considered in the differential diagnosis of isolated papillary lesions limited to the prostatic urethra. CASE REPORT A 62-year-old male with rheumatoid arthritis treated with abatacept presented to urology due to a history of intermittent bladder self-catheterization for urinary obstruction. He underwent a transurethral resection of the prostate and had incidental findings of papillary lesions restricted to the prostatic urethra that were presumed to be urothelial carcinoma. Microscopic examination established the diagnosis of condyloma acuminata, and low-risk HPV 6 and 11 were detected by in-situ hybridization. Subsequent cystoscopy showed marked growth and extension of condyloma acuminata to near the external meatus. After multiple treatments with intraurethral 5-fluorouracil, several small lesions remained in the bulbous urethra. With follow up for 2 years since diagnosis, the patient has not developed external condylomata. CONCLUSIONS A condyloma acuminatum might present as an isolated papillary growth in the prostatic urethra without clinical or historical evidence of a visible lesion on external genitalia. Immunosuppression and/or urethral instrumentation might be a risk factor for such a presentation. Urologists and pathologists should be aware of this rare possibility in order to avoid misdiagnosis, and ensure that the patient receives appropriate therapy

Spectroscopic Parameters of Neutral Argon Atom

We have calculated the spectroscopic data of the odd series nd [1/2]1 (3 ≤ n ≤ 9) of neutral argon atom relative to the ground level 3P 6 1 S0 using a fully relativistic approach based on the Dirac equation. This series is one of three intermediate Rydberg series that converge to the first limit of ionization. The energy levels of this series are predicted. The obtained energy levels results are judged by comparing them with the experimental ones available in the literature. Within the uncertainty in the theoretical results, the agreement between our results and the experimental ones was found to be reasonable. Based on this agreement, the oscillator strengths fij, the radiative transition rates Aij, the Landé g-factor, the magnetic dipole moment and the electric quadrupole hyperfine constants for the levels in question are calculated. The obtained results of fij, Aij, and Landé g-factor are compared with the theoretical and experimental results published by other researchers where available as well as those published by NIST. Within the uncertainty in our results, a good agreement is found. Moreover, the studied levels are situated near and under the first limit of ionization where autoionization effects take place

Factors affecting the safe use of oral anticoagulants

PhD ThesisThe aim of this PhD was to elucidate the factors that influence anticoagulation response to the oral anticoagulants, warfarin and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). Identification of the factors which influence clinical response to these agents could lead to improvements in patient management and treatment safety. In a cross-sectional study, the mean TTR over a 12 months period was significantly higher in hospital monitored patients (78%) (P=0.001) compared to those monitored in general practice (71%) or at their homes (68%). Domiciliary monitored patients had the least TTR among the three groups although they had the highest numbers of dose changes and INR monitoring events. In a further longitudinal study of patients on warfarin for up to 14 years, the TTR according to age was significantly lower in home monitored patients, with this group having a higher probability of having poor anticoagulation control (TTR ≤65%). In an ex-vivo study, rivaroxaban in vitamin K deficient older subjects produced a greater prolongation of both PT and modified PT, and a greater suppression in the rate and amount of thrombin generation compared to vitamin K replete younger subjects. Therefore, poor vitamin K intake could play a role in the reported incidences of bleeding associated with NOACs We had previously demonstrated that daily vitamin K supplementation causes an increase in warfarin daily dose requirement which varies between different patients and is related to VKORC1 genotype. Based upon these observations we set out to test our hypothesis that patients on warfarin therapy with the VKORC1(-1639)GG polymorphism could have poorer anticoagulation control than those with GA or AA genotypes as a result of variable dietary intake of vitamin K. However, the study results failed to confirm this hypothesis. Patients on warfarin therapy scheduled for an invasive surgery have to stop taking the drug for a fixed number of days to avoid peri-operative bleeding. However, there is variance in the rate by which INR falls after stopping warfarin. I found that patients with CYP2C9 variant alleles (CYP2C9*2*2 or CYP2C9*2*3) were >8 times (95% CI = 2.25–33.25) more likely to have INR of ≥ 1.5 before the planned day of surgery than those with wild-type genotype. In a further study, patient age and CYP2C9 *2*2 & *2*3 ii genotype were found to significantly influence the time required to reach an INR of 1.5 following warfarin cessation. VKORC1 genotype had no effect on the rate of INR decline.Ministry of Health of Saudi Arabia and Saudi Cultural Bureau in London for their sponsorship of me and my family

De WHOA: een nieuw herstructureringsinstrument

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