X-ray powder diffraction study of chromium-vanadium oxide compounds prepared by "soft chemistry" methods

A novel aqueous method was used to synthesise mixed chromium-vanadium oxide hydrates with various chromium content, via the reaction of peroxo-polyacids of chromium and vanadium. The resulting materials are gelatinous. The dehydration of the gels result in a brown coloured amorphous powder. Depending on the chromium content, the compounds have a different characteristic crystallisation temperature upon the further heating. The crystalline compounds, except for the low chromium ones, go on a phase transition and decompose with increasing temperature. By refining the XRPD measurement data of the compounds, the type and parameters of the unit cells were determined. The experimental data were in concordance with the calculated values, using the PWC code. The lattice parameters and the crystalline structure were changed with the variation of chromium content. (C) Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. All rights reserved

Service as a New Competitive Advantage

The article represents theoretical aspects of the concept "competitive advantage". The competitive advantage becomes a guarantee of work stability, a basis of long-term development. It creates barriers at the exit to the market for new participants, helps to get the best profit from sales of the company

Costs of the enterprise: the essence and need for control

Currently, both in the Republic of Belarus and abroad, there has been a growing interest in cost management. The article is devoted to the problem of assessing the economic nature of costs as one of the urgent tasks of enterprises in modern market conditions. The classification of costs and management technologies is proposed

On monoids of monotone injective partial selfmaps of Ln ×lex Z with co-finite domains and images

We study the semigroup IO∞(Zⁿlex) of monotone injective partial selfmaps of the set of Ln × lex Z having co-finite domain and image, where Ln ×lex Z is the lexicographic product of n-elements chain and the set of integers with the usual order. We show that IO∞(Zⁿlex) is bisimple and establish its projective congruences. We prove that IO∞(Zⁿlex) is finitely generated, and for n = 1 every automorphism of IO∞(Zⁿlex) is inner and show that in the case n ⩾ 2 the semigroup IO∞(Zⁿlex) has non-inner automorphisms. Also we show that every Baire topology τ on IO∞(Znlex) such that (IO∞(Znlex),τ) is a Hausdorff semitopological semigroup is discrete, construct a non-discrete Hausdorff semigroup inverse topology on IO∞(Zⁿlex), and prove that the discrete semigroup IO∞(Zⁿlex) cannot be embedded into some classes of compact-like topological semigroups and that its remainder under the closure in a topological semigroup S is an ideal in S

Service as a New Competitive Advantage

The article represents theoretical aspects of the concept "competitive advantage". The competitive advantage becomes a guarantee of work stability, a basis of long-term development. It creates barriers at the exit to the market for new participants, helps to get the best profit from sales of the company

Costs of the enterprise: the essence and need for control

Currently, both in the Republic of Belarus and abroad, there has been a growing interest in cost management. The article is devoted to the problem of assessing the economic nature of costs as one of the urgent tasks of enterprises in modern market conditions. The classification of costs and management technologies is proposed

Teacher's Use of a Drawing Workshop as a Method of Art Therapy

Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a workshop in watercolour drawing by a future teacher of art as part of art therapy to improve mental state. Background: In modern conditions of development of the innovation and educational process in higher education in the specialties "Fine Arts" and "Design" special attention is paid to the acquisition of professional skills and abilities of students to work in the art space of the Planer. In this regard, master classes are widely used in classes in higher education institutions, but most training is aimed at acquiring professional writing with watercolour. Method: Workshop, as a quick and illustrative example in the performance of a watercolour etude by a teacher, is the strongest means of aesthetic impact, which is to show the secrets of drawing mastery, aesthetic techniques of working with watercolour, brush movements, the appearance of colour fillings, emphasizing a pictorial composition. Results: In the course of the study, it was determined that using a drawing workshop as art therapy is an effective way to improve the mental state. Art-therapeutic work evokes positive emotions, helps form a more active life position, emotionally valuable acceptance of partners, and cohesion. Conclusion: Fine art products constitute objective evidence of a person's mood and thoughts, which allows them to be used to assessing the mental state

Covid-19 Pandemic in Political Cartoons of the American Press: An Experience of Multimodal Analysis

An attempt is made to analyze the place of political cartoons in the current socio-political media discourse in the United States. The material was the cartoons published in the spring of 2020 from USA Today and Philadelphia Inquirer, the informational occasion for the creation of which was the Covid-19 pandemic. The definitions of political cartoons as a multimodal text with a complex coding system is considered in the article. It is noted that in this type of text, phenomenological cognitive structures are actualized both through linguistic projection and through visual-spatial images. Attention is paid to intertextuality as the basis of political cartoon: the authors proceed from the position that the decoding of meaning by the recipient depends on whether he and the author have common background knowledge. It is shown that the Covid-19 pandemic is thematically embedded in the broader socio-political agenda, whereby a successful interpretation requires the recipient to have background knowledge of the current socio-political challenges facing the United States, namely the domestic political agenda. It is stated that the studied cartoons are distinguished by their reliance on precedent, and the actualization of background knowledge occurs through a combination of the visual and verbal components of the text. It is concluded that among the linguistic means of creating a satirical effect, a play on words is distinguished based on the literal and figurative meaning of individual lexical units

Surface and structural properties of Pt/CeO2 catalyst under preferential CO oxidation in hydrogen (PROX)

Preferential oxidation of CO in the presence of excess hydrogen was studied on Pt/CeO2 with 5% metal loading. Catalytic data were similar to those observed on 1% Pt/CeO2 earlier [Wootsch et al. J. Catal. 225 (2004) 259]. The optimum temperature region is T373 K; conversion and selectivity of CO oxidation strongly decreased at higher temperatures. High-pressure XPS indicated CO adsorbed on platinum particles and significant amount of water on the ceria surface. The top-most ceria surface re-oxidized as small amount of oxygen (3%) was introduced into the H2/CO feed. Despite this surface re-oxidation, high-resolution TEM after reaction indicated oxygen deficient ceria bulk structure, in which the defects formed a super-cell, with CeO1.695 structure. The defective ceria is suggested to play an important role stabilizing the hydrogen bonded surface water, which (i) suppresses further hydrogen oxidation and (ii) reacts at the metal/support interface with linearly adsorbed CO in a low temperature water-gas-shift type reaction to produce CO2

‘World Will Never Be Same’: Phraseologisms during Coronavirus Pandemic

Issues related to the semantics, structure and functions of new super-word linguistic units that have come into active use during the coronavirus pandemic are considered. Particular attention is paid to the statistics of searching the Internet for a certain phrase for a month and specific digital indicators of its existence as a stable one. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that identifies phraseologisms of the late XX — early XXI centuries, which need a full-fledged phraseographic description (origin, semantics, examples of use). Phrasemes are combined by the authors into thematic groups: 1) remote work and study, 2) administrative measures to combat coronavirus, 3) features of a new disease and its treatment. It is shown that in the texts of mass communication Phrasemes perform nominative, communicative and pragmatic functions. Investigating stable turnovers, the authors dwell upon their structure, which is represented by three models. It is noted that the result of the work will be a dictionary of phraseological neologisms, which, along with others, will include units that appeared during the coronavirus pandemic