41 research outputs found
Enumerating Cyclic Orientations of a Graph
Acyclic and cyclic orientations of an undirected graph have been widely
studied for their importance: an orientation is acyclic if it assigns a
direction to each edge so as to obtain a directed acyclic graph (DAG) with the
same vertex set; it is cyclic otherwise. As far as we know, only the
enumeration of acyclic orientations has been addressed in the literature. In
this paper, we pose the problem of efficiently enumerating all the
\emph{cyclic} orientations of an undirected connected graph with vertices
and edges, observing that it cannot be solved using algorithmic techniques
previously employed for enumerating acyclic orientations.We show that the
problem is of independent interest from both combinatorial and algorithmic
points of view, and that each cyclic orientation can be listed with
delay time. Space usage is with an additional setup cost
of time before the enumeration begins, or with a setup cost of
time
Disjoint isomorphic balanced clique subdivisions
A classical result, due to Bollobás and Thomason, and independently Komlós and Szemerédi, states that there is a constant C such that every graph with average degree at least has a subdivision of , the complete graph on k vertices. We study two directions extending this result. • Verstraëte conjectured that a quadratic bound guarantees in fact two vertex-disjoint isomorphic copies of a -subdivision.
• Thomassen conjectured that for each there is some such that every graph with average degree at least d contains a balanced subdivision of . Recently, Liu and Montgomery confirmed Thomassen's conjecture, but the optimal bound on remains open. In this paper, we show that a quadratic lower bound on average degree suffices to force a balanced -subdivision. This gives the right order of magnitude of the optimal needed in Thomassen's conjecture. Since a balanced -subdivision trivially contains m vertex-disjoint isomorphic -subdivisions, this also confirms Verstraëte's conjecture in a strong sense
Counting flags in triangle-free digraphs
Motivated by the Caccetta-Haggkvist Conjecture, we prove that every digraph
on n vertices with minimum outdegree 0.3465n contains an oriented triangle.
This improves the bound of 0.3532n of Hamburger, Haxell and Kostochka. The main
new tool we use in our proof is the theory of flag algebras developed recently
by Razborov.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures; this is the final version to appear in
Combinatoric
An Improved Envy-Free Cake Cutting Protocol for Four Agents
We consider the classic cake-cutting problem of producing envy-free allocations, restricted to the case of four agents. The problem asks for a partition of the cake to four agents, so that every agent finds her piece at least as valuable as every other agent's piece. The problem has had an interesting history so far. Although the case of three agents is solvable with less than 15 queries, for four agents no bounded procedure was known until the recent breakthroughs of Aziz and Mackenzie (STOC 2016, FOCS 2016). The main drawback of these new algorithms, however, is that they are quite complicated and with a very high query complexity. With four agents, the number of queries required is close to 600. In this work we provide an improved algorithm for four agents, which reduces the current complexity by a factor of 3.4. Our algorithm builds on the approach of Aziz and Mackenzie (STOC 2016) by incorporating new insights and simplifying several steps. Overall, this yields an easier to grasp procedure with lower complexity
Few smooth d-polytopes with n lattice points
We prove that, for fixed n there exist only finitely many embeddings of
Q-factorial toric varieties X into P^n that are induced by a complete linear
system. The proof is based on a combinatorial result that for fixed nonnegative
integers d and n, there are only finitely many smooth d-polytopes with n
lattice points. We also enumerate all smooth 3-polytopes with at most 12
lattice points. In fact, it is sufficient to bound the singularities and the
number of lattice points on edges to prove finiteness.Comment: 20+2 pages; major revision: new author, new structure, new result
The history of degenerate (bipartite) extremal graph problems
This paper is a survey on Extremal Graph Theory, primarily focusing on the
case when one of the excluded graphs is bipartite. On one hand we give an
introduction to this field and also describe many important results, methods,
problems, and constructions.Comment: 97 pages, 11 figures, many problems. This is the preliminary version
of our survey presented in Erdos 100. In this version 2 only a citation was
complete
On linear functorial operators extending pseudometrics
summary:For a functor on the category of metrizable compacta, we introduce a conception of a linear functorial operator extending (for each ) pseudometrics from onto (briefly LFOEP for ). The main result states that the functor of -symmetric power admits a LFOEP if and only if the action of on has a one-point orbit. Since both the hyperspace functor and the probability measure functor contain as a subfunctor, this implies that both and do not admit LFOEP