531 research outputs found
Quantum statistical information contained in a semi-classical Fisher--Husimi measure
We study here the difference between quantum statistical treatments and
semi-classical ones, using as the main research tool a semi-classical,
shift-invariant Fisher information measure built up with Husimi distributions.
Its semi-classical character notwithstanding, this measure also contains
information of a purely quantal nature.
Such a tool allows us to refine the celebrated Lieb bound for Wehrl entropies
and to discover thermodynamic-like relations that involve the degree of
delocalization. Fisher-related thermal uncertainty relations are developed and
the degree of purity of canonical distributions, regarded as mixed states, is
connected to this Fisher measure as well.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures; chenged conten
Nonadiabatic geometric phase induced by a counterpart of the Stark shift
We analyse the geometric phase due to the Stark shift in a system composed of
a bosonic field, driven by time-dependent linear amplification, interacting
dispersively with a two-level (fermionic) system. We show that a geometric
phase factor in the joint state of the system, which depends on the fermionic
state (resulting form the Stark shift), is introduced by the amplification
process. A clear geometrical interpretation of this phenomenon is provided. We
also show how to measure this effect in an interferometric experiment and to
generate geometric "Schrodinger cat"-like states. Finally, considering the
currently available technology, we discuss a feasible scheme to control and
measure such geometric phases in the context of cavity quantum electrodynamics
Direct transport between superconducting subgap states in a double quantum dot
We demonstrate direct transport between two opposing sets of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) subgap states realized in a double quantum dot. This bound-state-to-bound-state transport relies on intrinsic quasiparticle relaxation, and the tunable gating of this quantum dot device allows us to explore also an additional relaxation mechanism based on charge transferring Andreev reflections. The transition between these two relaxation regimes is identified in the experiment as a marked gate-induced stepwise change in conductance. We present a transport calculation, including YSR bound states and multiple Andreev reflections alongside quasiparticle relaxation, due to a weak tunnel coupling to a nearby normal metal, and obtain excellent agreement with the dat
Case Report Protein-Loosing Entropathy Induced by Unique Combination of CMV and HP in an Immunocompetent Patient
Protein-losing gastroenteropathies are characterized by an excessive loss of serum proteins into the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in hypoproteinemia (detected as hypoalbuminemia), edema, and, in some cases, pleural and pericardial effusions. Protein-losing gastroenteropathies can be caused by a diverse group of disorders and should be suspected in a patient with hypoproteinemia in whom other causes, such as malnutrition, proteinuria, and impaired liver protein synthesis, have been excluded. In this paper, we present a case of protein-losing enteropathy in a 22-year-old immunocompetent male with a coinfection of CMV and Hp
Continuous photodetection model: quantum jump engineering and hints for experimental verification
We examine some aspects of the continuous photodetection model for
photocounting processes in cavities. First, we work out a microscopic model
that describes the field-detector interaction and deduce a general expression
for the Quantum Jump Superoperator (QJS), that shapes the detector's
post-action on the field upon a detection. We show that in particular cases our
model recovers the QJSs previously proposed ad hoc in the literature and point
out that by adjusting the detector parameters one can engineer QJSs. Then we
set up schemes for experimental verification of the model. By taking into
account the ubiquitous non-idealities, we show that by measuring the lower
photocounts moments and the mean waiting time one can check which QJS better
describes the photocounting phenomenon.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures. Contribution to the conference Quantum Optics
III, Pucon - Chile, November 27-30, 200
Quantum to Classical Transition from the Cosmic Background Radiation
We have revisited the Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber-Pearle (GRWP) approach for
continuous dynamical evolution of the state vector for a macroscopic object.
Our main concern is to recover the decoupling of the state vector dynamics for
the center-of-mass (CM) and internal motion, as in the GRWP model, but within
the framework of the standard cosmology. In this connection we have taken the
opposite direction of the GRWP argument, that the cosmic background radiation
(CBR) has originated from a fundamental stochastic hitting process. We assume
the CBR as a clue of the Big Bang, playing a main role in the decoupling of the
state vector dynamics of the CM and internal motion. In our model, instead of
describing a continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) of a system of massive
particles as proposed by Ghirardi, Pearle and Rimini, the It\^{o} stochastic
equation accounts for the intervention of the CBR on the system of particles.
Essentially, this approach leads to a pre-master equation for both the CBR and
particles degrees of freedom. The violation of the principle of energy
conservation characteristic of the CSL model is avoided as well as the
additional assumption on the size of the GRWP's localization width necessary to
reach the decoupling between the collective and internal motions. Moreover,
realistic estimation for the decoherence time, exhibiting an interesting
dependence on the CBR temperature, is obtained. From the formula for the
decoherence time it is possible to analyze the transition from micro to macro
dynamics in both the early hot Universe and the nowadays cold one. The entropy
of the system under decoherence is analyzed and the emergent `pointer basis' is
discussed. In spite of not having imposed a privileged basis, in our model the
position still emerges as the preferred observable as in the CSL model.Comment: 14 pages, no figure. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Proposal to produce long-lived mesoscopic superpositions through an atom-driven field interaction
We present a proposal for the production of longer-lived mesoscopic
superpositions which relies on two requirements: parametric amplification and
squeezed vacuum reservoir for cavity-field states. Our proposal involves the
interaction of a two-level atom with a cavity field which is simultaneously
subjected to amplification processes.Comment: 12 pages, title changed, text improved and refences adde
A consistent quantum model for continuous photodetection processes
We are modifying some aspects of the continuous photodetection theory,
proposed by Srinivas and Davies [Optica Acta 28, 981 (1981)], which describes
the non-unitary evolution of a quantum field state subjected to a continuous
photocount measurement. In order to remedy inconsistencies that appear in their
approach, we redefine the `annihilation' and `creation' operators that enter in
the photocount superoperators. We show that this new approach not only still
satisfies all the requirements for a consistent photocount theory according to
Srinivas and Davies precepts, but also avoids some weird result appearing when
previous definitions are used.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Comparative Transcriptional Network Modeling of Three PPAR-α/γ Co-Agonists Reveals Distinct Metabolic Gene Signatures in Primary Human Hepatocytes
Aims:
To compare the molecular and biologic signatures of a balanced dual peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α/γ agonist, aleglitazar, with tesaglitazar (a dual PPAR-α/γ agonist) or a combination of pioglitazone (Pio; PPAR-γ agonist) and fenofibrate (Feno; PPAR-α agonist) in human hepatocytes.
Methods and Results:
Gene expression microarray profiles were obtained from primary human hepatocytes treated with EC50-aligned low, medium and high concentrations of the three treatments. A systems biology approach, Causal Network Modeling, was used to model the data to infer upstream molecular mechanisms that may explain the observed changes in gene expression. Aleglitazar, tesaglitazar and Pio/Feno each induced unique transcriptional signatures, despite comparable core PPAR signaling. Although all treatments inferred qualitatively similar PPAR-α signaling, aleglitazar was inferred to have greater effects on high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than tesaglitazar and Pio/Feno, due to a greater number of gene expression changes in pathways related to high-density and low-density lipoprotein metabolism. Distinct transcriptional and biologic signatures were also inferred for stress responses, which appeared to be less affected by aleglitazar than the comparators. In particular, Pio/Feno was inferred to increase NFE2L2 activity, a key component of the stress response pathway, while aleglitazar had no significant effect. All treatments were inferred to decrease proliferative signaling.
Conclusions:
Aleglitazar induces transcriptional signatures related to lipid parameters and stress responses that are unique from other dual PPAR-α/γ treatments. This may underlie observed favorable changes in lipid profiles in animal and clinical studies with aleglitazar and suggests a differentiated gene profile compared with other dual PPAR-α/γ agonist treatments
Creating quanta with "annihilation" operator
An asymmetric nature of the boson `destruction' operator and its
`creation' partner is made apparent by applying them to a
quantum state different from the Fock state . We show that it is
possible to {\em increase} (by many times or by any quantity) the mean number
of quanta in the new `photon-subtracted' state . Moreover, for
certain `hyper-Poissonian' states the mean number of quanta in the
(normalized) state can be much greater than in the
`photon-added' state . The explanation of this
`paradox' is given and some examples elucidating the meaning of Mandel's
-parameter and the exponential phase operators are considered.Comment: 10 pages, LaTex, an extended version with several references added
and the text divided into sections; to appear in J. Phys.
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