1,171 research outputs found
HRM Strategies in Structurally Depressed Industries: The Japanese Approach
Several adverse macro-economic trends beginning in the early 1970’s drastically reduced the relative competitiveness of various sectors of the Japanese economy. Firms in Western (industrialized) countries that were faced with a similar loss of comparative advantage dealt with the problem by undertaking strategies of restructuring--primarily, retrenchment and downsizing strategies. However, in sharp contrast to the Western approach, the Japanese response to industrial decline, from a HRM standpoint, was a product of the political, cultural, and social institutions/values of that society. The Japanese government, business sector and the labor unions worked together to ‘maintain’ employment levels (albeit, mainly that of permanent employees) in order to minimize the costs of adjustment for the key stakeholder groups in particular, and for the Japanese society as a whole, in general
Finite temperature properties of the triangular lattice t-J model, applications to NaCoO
We present a finite temperature () study of the t-J model on the
two-dimensional triangular lattice for the negative hopping , as relevant
for the electron-doped NaCoO (NCO). To understand several aspects of
this system, we study the -dependent chemical potential, specific heat,
magnetic susceptibility, and the dynamic Hall-coefficient across the entire
doping range. We show systematically, how this simplest model for strongly
correlated electrons describes a crossover as function of doping () from a
Pauli-like weakly spin-correlated metal close to the band-limit (density )
to the Curie-Weiss metallic phase () with pronounced
anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) correlations at low temperatures and Curie-Weiss type
behavior in the high-temperature regime. Upon further reduction of the doping,
a new energy scale, dominated by spin-interactions () emerges (apparent both
in specific heat and susceptibility) and we identify an effective interaction
, valid across the entire doping range. This is distinct from
Anderson's formula, as we choose here , hence the opposite sign of the
usual Nagaoka-ferromagnetic situation. This expression includes the subtle
effect of weak kinetic AFM - as encountered in the infinitely correlated
situation (). By explicit computation of the Kubo-formulae, we
address the question of practical relevance of the high-frequency expression
for the Hall coefficient . We hope to clarify some open questions
concerning the applicability of the t-J model to real experimental situations
through this study
Fitting and Comparing Galactic Foreground Models for Unbiased 21-cm Cosmology
Accurate detection of the cosmological 21-cm global signal requires galactic
foreground models which can remove power over ~. Although foreground and
global signal models unavoidably exhibit overlap in their vector-spaces
inducing bias error in the extracted signal, a second source of bias and error
arises from inadequate foreground models, i.e. models which cannot fit spectra
down to the noise level of the signal. We therefore test the level to which
seven commonly employed foreground models -- including nonlinear and linear
forward-models, polynomials, and maximally-smooth polynomials -- fit realistic
simulated mock foreground spectra, as well as their dependence upon model
inputs. The mock spectra are synthesized for an EDGES-like experiment and we
compare all models' goodness-of-fit and preference using a Kolomogorov-Smirnov
test of the noise-normalized residuals in order to compare models with
differing, and sometimes indeterminable, degrees of freedom. For a single LST
bin spectrum and p-value threshold of , the nonlinear-forward model
with 4 parameters is preferred (), while the linear forward-model fits
well with 6-7 parameters ( respectively). The polynomials and
maximally-smooth polynomials, like those employed by the EDGES and SARAS3
experiments, cannot produce good fits with 5 parameters for the experimental
simulations in this work (). However, we find that polynomials with
6 parameters pass the KS-test (), although a 9 parameter fit produces
the highest p-value (). When fitting multiple LST bins
simultaneously, we find that the linear forward-model outperforms (a higher
p-value) the nonlinear for 2, 5 and 10 LST bins. Importantly, the KS-test
consistently identifies best-fit \textit{and} preferred models.Comment: 26 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication by ApJ, minor
revisions and edits from previous versio
Household economy, forest dependency & opportunity costs of conservation in eastern rainforests of Madagascar
The Government of Madagascar is trying to reduce deforestation and conserve biodiversity through creating new protected areas in the eastern rainforests. While this has many benefits, forest use restriction may bring costs to farmers at the forest frontier. We explored this through a series of surveys in five sites around the Corridor Ankeniheny Zahamena new protected area and adjacent national parks. In phase one a stratified random sample of 603 households completed a household survey covering demographic and socio-economic characteristics, and a choice experiment to estimate the opportunity costs of conservation. A stratified sub-sample (n = 171) then completed a detailed agricultural survey (including recording inputs and outputs from 721 plots) and wild-harvested product survey. The data have been archived with ReShare (UK Data Service). Together these allow a deeper understanding of the household economy on the forest frontier in eastern Madagascar and their swidden agricultural system, the benefits households derive from the forests through wild-harvested products, and the costs of conservation restrictions to forest edge communities
(5,7-Dimethyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)methyl diethyldithiocarbamate
In the title compound, C17H21NO2S2, the coumarin ring system is nearly planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.080 (2) Å from the mean plane. An intramolecular C—H⋯S hydrogen bond occurs. The crystal structure features C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds and weak π–π interactions with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.679 (1) Å
(5,7-Dimethyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)methyl pyrrolidine-1-carbodithioate
In the title compound, C17H19NO2S2, the 2H-chromene ring system is almost planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.044 (2) Å, and the pyrrolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation. The dihedral angle between the 2H-chromene system and the planar part of the pyrrolidine ring is 83.65 (8)°. A weak intramolecular C—H⋯S hydrogen bond occurs. The crystal structure features C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.5728 (16) Å
(7-Chloro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)methyl piperidine-1-carbodithioate
In the title compound, C16H16ClNO2S2, the piperidine ring is in a chair conformation. In the coumarin ring system, the dihedral angle between the benzene and pyran rings is 3.5 (1)°. In the crystal, a weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bond links molecules into chains along [001]. In addition, π–π stacking interactions are present involving the benzene and pyran rings, with a centroid-to-centroid distance of 3.712 (2) Å. The crystal studied is a nonmerohedral twin with refined components 0.221 (1) and 0.779 (1)
Power of Randomization in Automata on Infinite Strings
Probabilistic B\"uchi Automata (PBA) are randomized, finite state automata
that process input strings of infinite length. Based on the threshold chosen
for the acceptance probability, different classes of languages can be defined.
In this paper, we present a number of results that clarify the power of such
machines and properties of the languages they define. The broad themes we focus
on are as follows. We present results on the decidability and precise
complexity of the emptiness, universality and language containment problems for
such machines, thus answering questions central to the use of these models in
formal verification. Next, we characterize the languages recognized by PBAs
topologically, demonstrating that though general PBAs can recognize languages
that are not regular, topologically the languages are as simple as
\omega-regular languages. Finally, we introduce Hierarchical PBAs, which are
syntactically restricted forms of PBAs that are tractable and capture exactly
the class of \omega-regular languages
(6-Methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)methyl pyrrolidine-1-carbodithioate
In the title compound, C16H17NO3S2, the 2H-chromene ring is close to being planar [maximum deviation = 0.034 (2) Å] and the pyrrolidine ring is twisted about the C—C bond opposite the N atom. The dihedral angle between the ring-system planes is 75.24 (16)° and an intramolecular C—H⋯S interaction occurs. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and the packing also exhibits π–π interactions, with a distance of 3.6106 (13) Å between the centroids of the benzene rings of neighbouring molecules
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