Comparación de la percepción social en playas recreativas arenosas de dos bahías localizadas en el Pacífico Mexicano

En el presente trabajo se desarrollaron dos formatos de encuesta, para incorporar la percepción de los usuarios a la evaluación de la calidad de las playas (Cervantes, 2006 y Silva-Iñiguez, 2006); ambos basados en un modelo cuantitativo para revelar la percepción social de las playas localizadas en la bahía de Santiago, Manzanillo, Col (MZO) y en Acapulco, Gro (ACA). Se aplicaron un total de 790 encuestas (ACA: 390 y MZO: 400), que permitieron conocer el perfil de los usuarios, sus hábitos de recreación y sus opiniones sobre las condiciones biofísicas y de infraestructura de cada playa. En ambas playas la mayoría prefirieron asistir acompañados por sus familias; las principales actividades recreativas fueron nadar, descansar, comer y beber. En general las demandas en ambos sitios coincidieron con incrementar el número de botes de basura, la frecuencia en el servicio de recolección y limpieza, baños y regaderas. Las razones por la que los usuarios seleccionaron la playa a visitar fueron la seguridad y vigilancia, así como las características biofísicas de la misma. La incorporación de esta información a modelos y/o esquemas de evaluación y gestión de playa (a través de índices ambientales) permitió realizar la valoración integral de la playa.In this paper it was developed two survey formats, to include the perception of users on the assessment of the quality of the beaches (Cervantes, 2006 and Silva-Iñiguez, 2006), both based on a quantitative model to reveal the social perception of the beaches on Santiago Bay, Manzanillo, Col (MZO) and Acapulco, Guerrero (ACA). We did a total of 790 surveys (ACA: 390 and MZO: 400), which allowed the user profile, recreation habits and their views on the biophysical and infrastructure of each beach. In both beaches, most people, attended with their families, the main recreational activities were swimming, resting, eating and drinking. In general the demands on both sites agreed to increase the number of waste baskets, the frequency of collection service and cleaning bathrooms and showers. The reasons why the users selected to visit the beach were the safety and security, as well as the biophysical characteristics of the same. Incorporating this information to models and / or evaluation schemes and beach management (through environmental ratings) allowed the comprehensive assessment of the beach

Dietary Glycemic Index, Dietary Glycemic Load, Blood Lipids, and Coronary Heart Disease

Objective. To examine the associations of dietary glycemic index (GI) and dietary glycemic load (GL) with blood lipid concentrations and coronary heart disease (CHD) in nondiabetic participants in the Health Worker Cohort Study (HWCS). Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was performed, using data from adults who participated in the HWCS baseline assessment. We collected information on participants' socio-demographic conditions, dietary patterns and physical activity via self-administered questionnaires. Dietary GI and dietary GL were measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric and clinical measurements were assessed with standardized procedures. CHD risk was estimated according to the sex-specific Framingham prediction algorithms. Results. IIn the 5,830 individuals aged 20 to 70 who were evaluated, dietary GI and GL were significantly associated with HDL-C, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and triglycerides serum levels. Subjects with high dietary GI have a relative risk of 1.56 (CI 95%; 1.13–2.14), and those with high dietary GL have a relative risk of 2.64 (CI 95%; 1.15–6.58) of having an elevated CHD risk than those who had low dietary GI and GL. Conclusions. Our results suggest that high dietary GI and dietary GL could have an unfavorable effect on serum lipid levels, which are in turn associated with a higher CHD risk

Evaluation of DNA Single and Double Strand Breaks in Women with Cervical Neoplasia Based on Alkaline and Neutral Comet Assay Techniques

A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was performed in order to determine the relation of DNA single (ssb) and double (dsb) strand breaks in women with and without cervical neoplasia. Cervical epithelial cells of 30 women: 10 with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LG-SIL), 10 with high-grade SIL (HG-SIL), and 10 without cervical lesions were evaluated using alkaline and neutral comet assays. A significant increase in global DNA damage (ssb + dsb) and dsb was observed in patients with HG-SIL (48.90 ± 12.87 and 23.50 ± 13.91), patients with LG-SIL (33.60 ± 14.96 and 11.20 ± 5.71), and controls (21.70 ± 11.87 and 5.30 ± 5.38; resp.). Pearson correlation coefficient reveled a strong relation between the levels ssb and dsb (2=0.99, =0.03, and 2=0.94, =0.16, resp.) and progression of neoplasia. The increase of dsb damage in patients with HG-SIL was confirmed by DNA breakage detection-FISH (DBD-FISH) on neutral comets. Our results argue in favor of a real genomic instability in women with cervical neoplasia, which was strengthened by our finding of a higher proportion of DNA dsb

Dietary Glycemic Index, Dietary Glycemic Load, Blood Lipids, and Coronary Heart Disease

Objective. To examine the associations of dietary glycemic index (GI) and dietary glycemic load (GL) with blood lipid concentrations and coronary heart disease (CHD) in nondiabetic participants in the Health Worker Cohort Study (HWCS). Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was performed, using data from adults who participated in the HWCS baseline assessment. We collected information on participants' socio-demographic conditions, dietary patterns and physical activity via self-administered questionnaires. Dietary GI and dietary GL were measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric and clinical measurements were assessed with standardized procedures. CHD risk was estimated according to the sex-specific Framingham prediction algorithms. Results. IIn the 5,830 individuals aged 20 to 70 who were evaluated, dietary GI and GL were significantly associated with HDL-C, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and triglycerides serum levels. Subjects with high dietary GI have a relative risk of 1.56 (CI 95%; 1.13-2.14), and those with high dietary GL have a relative risk of 2.64 (CI 95%; 1.15-6.58) of having an elevated CHD risk than those who had low dietary GI and GL. Conclusions. Our results suggest that high dietary GI and dietary GL could have an unfavorable effect on serum lipid levels, which are in turn associated with a higher CHD risk

Infección por VIH asociado a linfoma y herpes zóster: Reporte de caso

La infección por VIH se caracteriza por tres fases: aguda, asintomática y avanzada; esta última caracterizada por inmunodeficiencia severa, lo que expone al paciente a contraer infecciones oportunistas o cáncer. Presentamos un paciente varón de 52 años que acude por dolor en la región retromandibular izquierda, con multiples ampollas de color rojizo, aspecto descamativo, a predominio de dermatomas cervicales C4 - C5 y lumbares L1 - L5, se le realiza examen anatomopatológico del ganglio cervical encontrando hallazgos sugestivos de neoplasia linfoide maligna. Los linfomas no Hodgkin (LNH) surgen de los linfocitos B, linfocitos T y linfocitos NK. Estas neoplasias se desarrollan en los ganglios linfáticos, pero puede ocurrir en cualquier tejido. Los LNH afectan frecuentemente la cabeza y el cuello. La inmunosupresión generada por el VIH produce la reactivación del virus de varicela-zóster y es una condición de susceptibilidad para el desarrollo de linfomas.   Palabras clave: VIH (DeCS), Herpes Zóster (DeCS), Linfoma (DeCS)   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rmt.2021.v16i03.1

Perfil socioeconômico dos piscicultores nas Comunidades do VRAEM do Norte, 2020 / Socioeconomic profile of fish farmers in the northern communities of the VRAEM, 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo, determinar el perfil económico y social de las comunidades acuícolas que se desarrollan en la zona norte del VRAEM, en cuanto a producción, inversión, comercialización, precios, creación de empleo, conformación familiar, educación, salud, servicios básicos, participación de la mujer, etc. Habiéndose aplicado un cuestionario a 85 acuicultores, 17 en Pariahuanca zona sierra, 39 en Satipo y 29 en Pichanaki zona selva.Los datos se analizaron con estadística descriptiva y correlacional cada uno de los indicadores socioeconómicos de la zona en estudio, observándose que la actividad principal de los acuicultores es la agricultura en el 74% de los encuestados, teniendo a la acuicultura como actividad complementaria ya que el 70% de los casos en promedio le dedica de 2-3 horas al día en promedio. Tiene poco impacto en el empleo, creando entre 1-3 empleos en el 88% de los centros acuícolas, siendo el nivel de producción por debajo de 2 TM (74.1%), con inversiones de 1000 - 5000 soles (71.7%). El canal de comercialización esta poco desarrollada, el 90.5% de los centros acuícolas lo venden en estado fresco, de forma directa o a través de minoristas (69.4%), con precios de 11 y 15 soles el kilo (92%). El 55.3% de los acuicultores tiene formación inadecuada, sin apalancamiento financiero (75.3%). En aspectos sociales se observa que el 51% de los acuicultores están casados, con familias hasta con 5 integrantes (86%), con viviendas predominantemente de madera (60%), resaltando ser propia en 85% de los encuestados y en el 73% ubicado en el mismo  centro acuícola; el no contando con servicios básicos como agua potable, alcantarillado, electricidad, internet y telefonía fija en 60%, 84%, 21%, 68% y 55% respectivamente; en nivel educativo solo lograron primeria 27% y secundaria 32%, estando las instituciones educativas de inicial, primaria y secundaria a distancia entre 1 a 5 kilómetros inicial en 52%, primaria en 58% y secundaria 67% respectivamente, y en cuanto al establecimiento de salud más cercano en el 38% manifestó distancia de 1 a 5 kilómetros y 25% de 5 a 10 kilómetros.Dado la importancia de la acuicultura en la alimentación de los pobladores del VRAEM, en su actividad económica social y los recursos naturales que posee, se recomienda a las instituciones Públicas plantear planes de desarrollo en este sector encaminados al crecimiento y desarrollo de las actividades económicas, sociales y técnicos

Unifying local-global type properties in vector optimization.

It is well-known that all local minimum points of a semistrictly quasiconvex real-valued function are global minimum points. Also, any local maximum point of an explicitly quasiconvex real-valued function is a global minimum point, provided that it belongs to the intrinsic core of the function’s domain. The aim of this paper is to show that these “local min - global min” and “local max - global min” type properties can be extended and unified by a single general localglobal extremality principle for certain generalized convex vector-valued functions with respect to two proper subsets of the outcome space. For particular choices of these two sets, we recover and refine several local-global properties known in the literature, concerning unified vector optimization (where optimality is defined with respect to an arbitrary set, not necessarily a convex cone) and, in particular, classical vector/multicriteria optimization.Nicolae Popovici’s research was supported by a grant of the Romanian Ministry of Research and Innovation, CNCS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCE- 2016-0190, within PNCDI III

Morphological and Physicochemical Characterization of Agglomerates of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Cell Culture Media

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NP) are possible carcinogenic materials (2B-IARC) and their toxicity depends on shape, size, and electrical charge of primary NP and on the system formed by NP media. The aim of this work was to characterize agglomerates of three TiO2 NP by evaluating their morphometry, stability, and zeta potential (ζ) in liquid media and their changes with time. Sizes of agglomerates by dynamic light scattering (DLS) resulted to be 10–50 times larger than those obtained by digital image analysis (DIA) given the charged zone around particles. Fractal dimension (FD) was highest for agglomerates of spheres and belts in F12K, and in E171 in FBS media. E171 and belts increased FD with time. At time zero, using water as dispersant FD was larger for agglomerates of spheres than for of E171. Belts suspended in water had the smallest values of circularity (Ci) which was approximately unchanged with time. All dispersions had ζ values around −30 mV at physiological pH (7.4) and dispersions of NP in water and FBS showed maximum stability (Turbiscan Lab analysis). Results help in understanding the complex NP geometry-size-stability relationships when performing in vivo and in vitro environmental-toxicity works and help in supporting decisions on the usage of TiO2 NP

Exploiting Phenylpropanoid Derivatives to Enhance the Nutraceutical Values of Cereals and Legumes

Phenylpropanoids are a diverse chemical class with immense health benefits that are biosynthesized from the aromatic amino acid L-phenylalanine. This article reviews the progress for accessing variation in phenylpropanoids in germplasm collections, the genetic and molecular basis of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and the development of cultivars dense in seed-phenylpropanoids. Progress is also reviewed on high-throughput assays, factors that influence phenylpropanoids, the site of phenylpropanoids accumulation in seed, Genotype × Environment interactions, and on consumer attitudes for the acceptance of staple foods rich in phenylpropanoids. A paradigm shift was noted in barley, maize, rice, sorghum, soybean, and wheat, wherein cultivars rich in phenylpropanoids are grown in Europe and North and Central America. Studies have highlighted some biological constraints that need to be addressed for development of high-yielding cultivars that are rich in phenylpropanoids. Genomics-assisted breeding is expected to facilitate rapid introgression into improved genetic backgrounds by minimizing linkage drag. More research is needed to systematically characterize germplasm pools for assessing variation to support crop genetic enhancement, and assess consumer attitudes to foods rich in phenylpropanoids