139 research outputs found
First-principles study of the polar O-terminated ZnO surface in thermodynamic equilibrium with oxygen and hydrogen
Using density-functional theory in combination with a thermodynamic formalism
we calculate the relative stability of various structural models of the polar
O-terminated (000-1)-O surface of ZnO. Model surfaces with different
concentrations of oxygen vacancies and hydrogen adatoms are considered.
Assuming that the surfaces are in thermodynamic equilibrium with an O2 and H2
gas phase we determine a phase diagram of the lowest-energy surface structures.
For a wide range of temperatures and pressures we find that hydrogen will be
adsorbed at the surface, preferentially with a coverage of 1/2 monolayer. At
high temperatures and low pressures the hydrogen can be removed and a structure
with 1/4 of the surface oxygen atoms missing becomes the most stable one. The
clean, defect-free surface can only exist in an oxygen-rich environment with a
very low hydrogen partial pressure. However, since we find that the
dissociative adsorption of molecular hydrogen and water (if also the
Zn-terminated surface is present) is energetically very preferable, it is very
unlikely that a clean, defect-free (000-1)-O surface can be observed in
experiment.Comment: 10 pages, 4 postscript figures. Uses REVTEX and epsf macro
Electron Beam-Induced Writing of Nanoscale Iron Wires on a Functional Metal Oxide
Electron beam-induced surface activation (EBISA) has been used to grow wires of iron on rutile TiO2(110)-(1 × 1) in ultrahigh vacuum. The wires have a width down to ∼20 nm and hence have potential utility as interconnects on this dielectric substrate. Wire formation was achieved using an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope to activate the surface, which was subsequently exposed to Fe(CO)5. On the basis of scanning tunneling microscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy measurements, the activation mechanism involves electron beam-induced surface reduction and restructuring
VERTEBRAL OSTEOPOROTIC COMPLICATIONS
Modern concepts of pathogenesis, current approaches of diagnosis and treatment of common complications of vertebral osteoporosis are considered on the basis of clinical cases
DISTANT DAMAGES IN PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC DISEASE OF SPINAL CORD
Were marked 3 groups of patients with distant damages of spine: with develope of it at early time after vertebro-spinal cord trauma, posttraumatic distant myelopathy and posttraumatic syringogydromyelia. Develope of distant damage was in 54 patients and it was by high powerfulls traumatic action, ft connected to a hard prime damage of spinal cord (79.6% had a completely disturbance of spine cord conduction). Periods of improvement conductions changed for the worse. Confirmation of defeation and level of disturbance of spine cord conduction were done by MRI and different methods of electrophysiology. Medical support and surgical operations (decompressive and bypass operations) guarantee the positive neurological results gettin almost patients
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