4,505 research outputs found
Optimization of an Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting Device
This paper presents the modeling and optimization of an electromagnetic-based generator for generating power from ambient vibrations. Basic equations describing such generators are presented and the conditions for maximum power generation are described. Two-centimeter scale prototype generators, which consist of magnets suspended on a beam vibrating relative to a coil, have been built and tested. The measured power and modeled results are compared. It is shown that the experimental results confirm the optimization theory
Recommended from our members
Diurnal Refractive Error Fluctuations in Diabetic and Control Subjects
Purpose: Refractive error has been shown to fluctuate in poorly controlled diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was to measure acute diurnal fluctuations in refractive error and blood glucose levels (BGLs) in diabetic and control subjects.
Methods: Twenty-one type 2 diabetic subjects (age 56 ± 11 years), 20 type 1 diabetic subjects (age 38 ± 15 years) and 20 non-diabetic controls (age 49 ± 23 years) took part in the study. Refractive error was measured with an OPD ARK-10000 autorefractometer (Nidek) and BGLs were measured using a finger stick test (Hemocue). All measurements were taken six times during the day, between 8AM and 8PM at approximately twohourly intervals. Using power vector analysis the variability in refractive error was mapped against time of day and related to BGLs, HbA1c, diabetic status and duration of disease.
Results: Refractive error was similar between groups (p=0.96) and did not fluctuate significantly during the day in any of the three groups (ANOVA p>0.05). The mean ± SD values for BGLs during the day were 10.4 ± 4.40mM/l in DM type 2, 10.3 ± 5.30mM/l in DM type 1, and 5.4 ± 1.04mM/l in control subjects. BGLs changed significantly during the day and between groups (ANOVA p0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that neither BGLs, HbA1c, diabetic status, nor duration of disease had a significant effect on diurnal refractive error measurements. (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Diurnal changes in BGLs do not result in significant acute refractive error fluctuations in diabetic patients, as measured with an autorefractometer.
CR: C. OâDonnell, None; H. Workman, None; S.L. Hosking, None; B. Huntjens, None.
Support: Supported by a PhD studentship from Lein Applied Diagnostics Ltd
The Dark Energy Survey Bright Arcs Survey: Candidate strongly lensed galaxy systems from the dark energy survey 5000 square degree footprint
ArtĂculo escrito por un elevado nĂșmero de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboraciĂłn, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMWe report the combined results of eight searches for strong gravitational lens systems in the full 5000 square degrees of Dark Energy Survey (DES) observations. The observations accumulated by the end of the third observing season fully covered the DES footprint in five filters (grizY), with an i-band limiting magnitude (at 10Ï) of 23.44. In four searches, a list of potential candidates was identified using a color and magnitude selection from the object catalogs created from the first three observing seasons. Three other searches were conducted at the locations of previously identified galaxy clusters. Cutout images of potential candidates were then visually scanned using an object viewer. An additional set of candidates came from a data-quality check of a subset of the color-coadd tiles created from the full DES six-season data set. A short list of the most promising strong-lens candidates was then numerically ranked according to whether or not we judged them to be bona fide strong gravitational lens systems. These searches discovered a diverse set of 247 strong-lens candidate systems, of which 81 are identified for the first time. We provide the coordinates, magnitudes, and photometric properties of the lens and source objects, and an estimate of the Einstein radius for 81 new systems and 166 previously reported systems. This catalog will be of use for selecting interesting systems for detailed follow up, studies of galaxy cluster and group mass profiles, as well as a training/validation set for automated strong-lens searche
PROBLEM OF NESTERENKO AND METHOD OF BERNIK
In this article we prove that, if integer polynomial Psatisfies |P(w)|p< Hâw, then for w > 2nâ 2 and sufficiently large H the root belongs to the field of p-adic numbers.In this article we prove that, if integer polynomial Psatisfies |P(w)|p< Hâw, then for  > 2nâ 2 and sufficiently large H the root belongs to the field of p-adic numbers
Thermodynamic metrics and optimal paths
A fundamental problem in modern thermodynamics is how a molecular-scale
machine performs useful work, while operating away from thermal equilibrium
without excessive dissipation. To this end, we derive a friction tensor that
induces a Riemannian manifold on the space of thermodynamic states. Within the
linear-response regime, this metric structure controls the dissipation of
finite-time transformations, and bestows optimal protocols with many useful
properties. We discuss the connection to the existing thermodynamic length
formalism, and demonstrate the utility of this metric by solving for optimal
control parameter protocols in a simple nonequilibrium model.Comment: 5 page
An exact quantification of backreaction in relativistic cosmology
An important open question in cosmology is the degree to which the
Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) solutions of Einstein's equations
are able to model the large-scale behaviour of the locally inhomogeneous
observable universe. We investigate this problem by considering a range of
exact n-body solutions of Einstein's constraint equations. These solutions
contain discrete masses, and so allow arbitrarily large density contrasts to be
modelled. We restrict our study to regularly arranged distributions of masses
in topological 3-spheres. This has the benefit of allowing straightforward
comparisons to be made with FLRW solutions, as both spacetimes admit a discrete
group of symmetries. It also provides a time-symmetric hypersurface at the
moment of maximum expansion that allows the constraint equations to be solved
exactly. We find that when all the mass in the universe is condensed into a
small number of objects (<10) then the amount of backreaction in dust models
can be large, with O(1) deviations from the predictions of the corresponding
FLRW solutions. When the number of masses is large (>100), however, then our
measures of backreaction become small (<1%). This result does not rely on any
averaging procedures, which are notoriously hard to define uniquely in general
relativity, and so provides (to the best of our knowledge) the first exact and
unambiguous demonstration of backreaction in general relativistic cosmological
modelling. Discrete models such as these can therefore be used as laboratories
to test ideas about backreaction that could be applied in more complicated and
realistic settings.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures. Corrections made to Tables IV and
An Improved Treatment of Optics in the Lindquist-Wheeler Models
We consider the optical properties of Lindquist-Wheeler (LW) models of the
Universe. These models consist of lattices constructed from regularly arranged
discrete masses. They are akin to the Wigner-Seitz construction of solid state
physics, and result in a dynamical description of the large-scale Universe in
which the global expansion is given by a Friedmann-like equation. We show that
if these models are constructed in a particular way then the redshifts of
distant objects, as well as the dynamics of the global space-time, can be made
to be in good agreement with the homogeneous and isotropic
Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) solutions of Einstein's equations,
at the level of <3% out to z~2. Angular diameter and luminosity distances, on
the other hand, differ from those found in the corresponding FLRW models, while
being consistent with the 'empty beam' approximation, together with the
shearing effects due to the nearest masses. This can be compared with the large
deviations found from the corresponding FLRW values obtained in a previous
study that considered LW models constructed in a different way. We therefore
advocate the improved LW models we consider here as useful constructions that
appear to faithfully reproduce both the dynamical and observational properties
of space-times containing discrete masses.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
- âŠ