3,672 research outputs found
Models of Consensus for Multiple Agent Systems
Models of consensus are used to manage multiple agent systems in order to
choose between different recommendations provided by the system. It is assumed
that there is a central agent that solicits recommendations or plans from other
agents. That agent the n determines the consensus of the other agents, and
chooses the resultant consensus recommendation or plan. Voting schemes such as
this have been used in a variety of domains, including air traffic control.
This paper uses an analytic model to study the use of consensus in multiple
agent systems. The binomial model is used to study the probability that the
consensus judgment is correct or incorrect. That basic model is extended to
account for both different levels of agent competence and unequal prior odds.
The analysis of that model is critical in the investigation of multiple agent
systems, since the model leads us to conclude that in some cases consensus
judgment is not appropriate. In addition, the results allow us to determine how
many agents should be used to develop consensus decisions, which agents should
be used to develop consensus decisions and under which conditions the consensus
model should be used.Comment: Appears in Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Uncertainty in
Artificial Intelligence (UAI1994
Vevacious: A Tool For Finding The Global Minima Of One-Loop Effective Potentials With Many Scalars
Several extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics contain
additional scalars implying a more complex scalar potential compared to that of
the Standard Model. In general these potentials allow for charge and/or color
breaking minima besides the desired one with correctly broken SU(2)_L times
U(1)_Y . Even if one assumes that a metastable local minimum is realized, one
has to ensure that its lifetime exceeds that of our universe. We introduce a
new program called Vevacious which takes a generic expression for a one-loop
effective potential energy function and finds all the tree-level extrema, which
are then used as the starting points for gradient-based minimization of the
one-loop effective potential. The tunneling time from a given input vacuum to
the deepest minimum, if different from the input vacuum, can be calculated. The
parameter points are given as files in the SLHA format (though is not
restricted to supersymmetric models), and new model files can be easily
generated automatically by the Mathematica package SARAH. This code uses
HOM4PS2 to find all the minima of the tree-level potential, PyMinuit to follow
gradients to the minima of the one-loop potential, and CosmoTransitions to
calculate tunneling times.Comment: 44 pages, 1 figure, manual for publicly available software, v2
corresponds to version accepted for publication in EPJC [clearer explanation
of scale dependence and region of validity, explicit mention that SLHA files
should have blocks matching those expected by model files, updated
references
Validity of the CMSSM interpretation of the diphoton excess
It has been proposed that the observed diphoton excess at 750 GeV could be
explained within the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model via
resonantly produced stop bound states. We reanalyze this scenario critically
and extend previous work to include the constraints from the stability of the
electroweak vacuum and from the decays of the stoponium into a pair of Higgs
bosons. It is shown that the interesting regions of parameter space with a
light stop and Higgs of the desired mass are ruled out by these constraints.
This conclusion is not affected by the presence of the bound states because the
binding energy is usually very small in the regions of parameter space which
can explain the Higgs mass. Thus, this also leads to strong constraints on the
diphoton production cross section which is in general too small.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures; v2: added Fig. 5, matches published versio
Constraining the Natural MSSM through tunneling to color-breaking vacua at zero and non-zero temperature
We re-evaluate the constraints on the parameter space of the minimal
supersymmetric standard model from tunneling to charge- and/or color-breaking
minima, taking into account thermal corrections. We pay particular attention to
the region known as the Natural MSSM, where the masses of the scalar partners
of the top quarks are within an order of magnitude or so of the electroweak
scale. These constraints arise from the interaction between these scalar tops
and the Higgs fields, which allows the possibility of parameter points having
deep charge- and color-breaking true vacua. In addition to requiring that our
electro-weak-symmetry-breaking, yet QCD- and electromagnetism-preserving vacuum
has a sufficiently long lifetime at zero temperature, also demanding stability
against thermal tunneling further restricts the allowed parameter space.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, software available from
http://vevacious.hepforge.org/ - version 2 matches that accepted for
publication in Phys. Lett.
Neural regulation of cardiovascular response to exercise: role of central command and peripheral afferents
During dynamic exercise, mechanisms controlling the cardiovascular apparatus operate to provide adequate oxygen to fulfill metabolic demand of exercising muscles and to guarantee metabolic end-products washout. Moreover, arterial blood pressure is regulated to maintain adequate perfusion of the vital organs without excessive pressure variations. The autonomic nervous system adjustments are characterized by a parasympathetic withdrawal and a sympathetic activation. In this review, we briefly summarize neural reflexes operating during dynamic exercise. The main focus of the present review will be on the central command, the arterial baroreflex and chemoreflex, and the exercise pressure reflex. The regulation and integration of these reflexes operating during dynamic exercise and their possible role in the pathophysiology of some cardiovascular diseases are also discusse
Real-time assembly of ribonucleoprotein complexes on nascent RNA transcripts.
Cellular protein-RNA complexes assemble on nascent transcripts, but methods to observe transcription and protein binding in real time and at physiological concentrations are not available. Here, we report a single-molecule approach based on zero-mode waveguides that simultaneously tracks transcription progress and the binding of ribosomal protein S15 to nascent RNA transcripts during early ribosome biogenesis. We observe stable binding of S15 to single RNAs immediately after transcription for the majority of the transcripts at 35 °C but for less than half at 20 °C. The remaining transcripts exhibit either rapid and transient binding or are unable to bind S15, likely due to RNA misfolding. Our work establishes the foundation for studying transcription and its coupled co-transcriptional processes, including RNA folding, ligand binding, and enzymatic activity such as in coupling of transcription to splicing, ribosome assembly or translation
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