14 research outputs found

    Mineral Chemistry–thermobarometry and Petrography of Metamorphic Sole Rocks of Kömürhan Ophiolite (SE Turkey): Constraints to Evolution and Emplacement

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    This paper presents the generation of metamorphic sole rocks through the detailed geochemical and petrographical analysis of field work carried out on the Kömürhan ophiolite. The metamorphic sole rocks of Kömürhan ophiolite are defined as amphibo-lite (Pl+Mg–Hbl+Ttn±Ap) plagioclase–amphibole schist (Pl+Mg–Hbl+Cpx+Ttn±Zrn±Ap), plagioclase–clinopyroxene–amphibole schist (Pl+Di+Mg–Hbl+Ttn±Ap), and epidote–plagioclase amphibole schist (Ep+Pl+Mg–Hbl+Ttn±Ap±Qtz±Zrn). This research mainly reports comprehensive petrography and mineral chemistry analyses of metamorphic sole rocks of Kömürhan ophiolite of SAOB (Southeast Anatolian Orogenic Belt) together with a goal of presenting geothermobarometric examination and unravelling the mineral sys-tematics. The metamorphic sole rocks have been observed as a thin slice and these rocks are seen at the base of the tectonites, metamorphosed in amphibolites facies throughout the intra–oceanic supra-subduction geodynamic environment. The Kömürhan ophiolite includes from the top to bottom volcanics, sheeted dike complex, isotropic gabbros cumulates, and tectonites and shows a complete oceanic lithospheric fragments. Analyses of mineral chemistry and petrography of metamorphic sole rocks have been used to exhibit the metamorphic processes of these rocks. Mineral chemistry analyses of pyroxene phenocrysts in the metamorphic sole rocks of Kömürhan ophiolite present similarities island arc tholeiite (IAT), proposing that protolith of the sole rocks was related to the supra-subduction geodynamic environment. The amphibolites were occurred by metamorphism of island arc tholeiite–type volcanics that separated from the front of the obducted ophiolite (Kömürhan ophiolite) and after that underplated

    Mineral chemistry and petrographic compositions of the gabbroic enclaves in the plagiogranites; evidence on supra-subduction zone type magma genesis in Mersin ophiolite (South Turkey)

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    Bu çalışmada İç Toros Kenet Kuşağında gözlenen Mersin ofiyolitini kesen plajiyogranitler içerisinde bulunan Mafik Mikrogranuler Anklavlar (MME) ilk kez çalışılmış olup, (Pamukluk barajı ve çevresi) mineral kimyası analizleri sunulmuştur. Bölgeden elde edilen MME’lerin detaylı petrografi incelemeleri sonucunda bunların gabroyik karakterde olmakla beraber bir kısım örneklerin diyoritik oldukları ortaya konulmuştur. Plajiyogranitik kayalar içerisinde boyutları 5 cm’den 50 cm’e kadar değişen Mafik Mikrogranular Anklavlar (MME) gözlenmektedir. Çalışılan MME’lerden elde edilen klinopiroksen analizlerinin Mg# numaraları 73.60 ile 86.28 arasında ve plajiyoklazların Anortit (An) içerikleri 88.5 ile 90.8 arasında değişmektedir. Kimyasal analizler sonucunda MME’lerden elde dilen plajiyoklazların çoğunlukla anortit-bitovnit karakterinde oldukları ve Wo-En-Fs üçlü diyagramında değerlendirilen veriler ışığında klinopiroksenlerin diyopsit oldukları ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışılan MME’lerin Mersin ofiyolitine ait mafik kümülatlara benzer özellikler sundukları ve ada yayı ortamında oluştukları belirlenmiştir.As a result of the detailed petrographic studies of the Mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) obtained from the region, it was revealed that some of the samples were dioritic with gabbroic character. In this study, MMEs in the plagiogranites cutting Mersin ophiolite observed in the Inner Taurus Suture Zone were studied for the first time and the mineral chemistry analyses were presented. MMEs are varying in size from 5 cm to 50 cm were observed within the plagiogranitic rocks of Mersin ophiolite. The clinopyroxene analyses obtained from the studied MMEs presented Mg# numbers ranging from 73.60 to 86.28 and also anorthite (An) contents of plagioclases ranging from 88.5 to 90.8. The chemical analysis revealed that the plagioclases obtained from MMEs are mostly anorthite-bitovnite and the clinopyroxenes are diopsides according to Wo-En-Fs triple diagram. It is determined that the studied MMEs presented similar properties to the mafic cumulates of the Mersin ophiolite and formed in the island arc environment

    Geochemistry and tectonic significance of the tectonomagmatic units in the Helete (Kahramanmaraş) region.

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    TEZ12134Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2016.Kaynakça (s. 181-215) var.XVII, 281 s. :_rnk. res., tablo ;_29 cm.Güneydoğu Anadolu’da iyi yüzlekler sunan Helete bölgesi (Kahramanmaraş) Güney Neotetis’in Geç Kretase-Erken Senozoyik yitim süreçleri ve zamanlamasının anlaşılması açısından önemlidir. Çalışma alanındaki ana yüzlekler (~26 km uzunlukta) KD-GB uzanımlı, kuzeye eğimli bindirme dilimleri halinde Toros bindirme kuşağının alt seviyelerinde yer almakta olup, Orta Miyosen’de Arap önülkesi üzerine yerleşmiştir. Çalışma alanındaki ana birimler yapısal olarak üstten alta doğru; (1) Güney Neotetis’in kuzey kıta kenarını oluşturan ve meta-karbonatlardan oluşan Malatya metamorfikleri, (2) Geç Kretase-Orta Eosen yaşlı karbonatlar (Harami formasyonu), (3) Ofiyolitik kayaçlar (Meydan ofiyoliti), (4) Volkanik kökenli kayaçlar (Helete), (5) Tektonik melanj ve (6) Arap ön ülkesi kayaçlarından oluşmaktadır. Kuzeyde yer alan Malatya metamorfikleri ve güneyde yer alan Arap ön ülkesi hariç diğer tektonik birimler granitoyidler tarafından kesilmişlerdir. Bu çalışma Meydan ofiyoliti, Helete volkanikleri ve alttaki melanj üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Meydan ofiyoliti yapısal olarak dilimlenmiş düzensiz bir okyanusal kabuk kesiti sunmaktadır. Bunlar; ultramafik-mafik kümülatlar, izotrop gabro, levha dayk kompleksi ve volkanosedimanter kayaçlardan oluşmaktadır. Kabuksal kayaçların tüm kayaç jeokimyası ve mineral kimyası verileri yitimle ilişkili bir tektonik ortamı işaret etmektedir. Meydan ofiyolitini kesen asidik intrüzif ve ekstürizif kayaçlardan (granit, granofir, aplit ve riyolit) 83-88 My UPb zirkon yaşları elde edilmiştir. Helete birimi bazikten asidiğe doğru değişen kayaçlarla (bazalt, bazaltik-andezit, andezit, riyodasit ve dasit) temsil edilirler. Jeokimyasal açıdan Helete volkanikleri toleyitik magmadan evrimleşmişlerdir. N-MORB’a göre normalize edilmiş örümcek diyagramında negatif Nb anomalisi oldukça belirgin olup, volkanik kayaçların yitimle ilişkili bir ortamda oluştuklarını göstermektedir. Helete birimini kesen granitoyid kayaçlarından (granit, granodiyorit, tonalit, gabro, diyorit ve dasit) 86-93 My U-Pb zirkon yaşları elde edilmiştir. Melanj biriminde neritik kireçtaşı, rekristalize kireçtaşı, altere volkanik ve az oranda amfibolitik kayaç blokları serpantinitik veya volkanik kökenli matriks içinde görülmektedir. Melanj birimini kesen granitoyid kayaçlarından (granit porfir, granodiyorit porfir ve kuvarslı diyorit) 87 My U-Pb zirkon yaşları elde edilmiştir. Helete birimini kesen Geç Kretase yaşlı granitoyidler arazide haritalanabilir boyutlarda olup, stratigrafik olarak Orta Eosen yaşlı sedimanter birim tarafından örtülürler (ince bir taban konglomerası ve üste doğru Nümmülitli kireçtaşları). Bu nedenle bu çalışmada sunulan yeni izotopik yaşlar, jeolojik haritalama, yapısal ve sedimanter veriler, Helete biriminin Eosen yaşını ile ilgili yapılan yorumları ciddi anlamda sorgulamaktadır. Çalışma alanındaki tüm tektonomagmatik birimler Geç Kretase’de kuzeye dalan okyanus içi yitim zonu üzerinde oluşmuşlardır.The well-exposed Helete (Kahramanmaraş) region of SE Anatolia is critical for understanding the timing and processes of Late Mesozoic-Early Cenozoic subduction/accretion of the S Neotethys. The main outcrop (c. 26 km long) is characterized by NE-SW-trending, northward-dipping imbricate thrust slices that are located low in the stack of Tauride thrust sheets that was finally emplaced onto the Arabian foreland during the Mid-Miocene. From the structural top downwards, the main units in the study area are: (1) Malatya Metamorphic Unit, a Mesozoic meta-carbonate platform, which is interpreted as part of the northern continental margin of the Southern Neotethys; (2) Late Cretaceous-Middle Eocene carbonates (Harami Formation); (3) Ophiolitic rocks (Meydan ophiolite); (4) Volcanogenic rocks (Helete unit); (5) Tectonic melange and (6) Arabian foreland. The above tectonic units are all intruded by granitoid rocks, except the Malatya Metamorphic Unit in the north and the Arabian foreland in the south. The present study focuses on the Meydan ophiolite, the Helete unit and the underlying melange unit. The Meydan ophiolite is composed of structurally distrupted oceanic crustal rocks including ultramaficmafic cumulates, isotropic gabbros, sheeted dykes and volcanic-sedimentary rocks. Major and trace-element geochemistry, coupled with mineral chemistry, suggest a subduction-related tectonic setting for ophiolite genesis. The siliceous intrusive and extrusive rocks that cut the Meydan ophiolite (i.e. granite, granophyre, aplite and rhyolite) have yielded new U-Pb zircon ages of 83 to 88 Ma. The Helete unit is characterized by wide range of basic-silicic extrusive rocks (i.e. basalt, basaltic-andesite, andesite, rhyodacite and dacite). Geochemically, the volcanics of the Helete unit evolved from a tholeiitic parental magma. Mid-ocean ridge basalt-normalised spider diagrams of the basic extrusives display marked negative Nb anomalies, suggesting eruption in a subductionrelated setting. The granitoid rocks that cut the Helete unit (i.e. granite, granodiorite, tonalite, gabbro, diorite and dacite) give U-Pb zircon ages of 86-93 Ma. The melange unit is dominated by blocks of neritic limestone, recrystallized limestones, altered volcanic rocks and rare amphibolite, with a locally variable matrix of serpentinite or volcanogenic material. Granitoid intrusions (e.g. granite-porphyre, granodiorite-porphyre and quartz-diorite) cutting the melange unit also gave a Late Cretaceous age (87 Ma; zircon U-Pb) . Field mapping shows that the U. Cretaceous granitoid rocks that cut the Helete unit come within several tens of metres, stratigraphically overlying Middle Eocene sedimentary cover (i.e. thin basal clastics, followed by nummulitic carbonates). The new isotopic ages, coupled with field mapping, structural and sedimentary evidence, therefore, seriously question the existing interpretation of the Helete volcanic unit as Eocene in age. All of the tectonomagmatic units studied appear to have formed in a supra-subduction zone setting, above a north-dipping subduction during Late Cretaceous

    İspendere (Malatya) ofiyoliti'nin kökensel incelemesi

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    TEZ7398Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2009.Kaynakça (s.93-103) var.x, 104 s. : res. ; 29 cm.There are a number of tectono-magmatic/ stratigraphic units that have intrusive and tectonic contact relationships belong each other in İspendere (Malatya) area. These are namely; Maden complex, İspendere ophiolite and Baskil granitoid. Late Cretaceous İspendere Ophiolite, one of the Neotethyan oceanic crustal remnants from the Eastern Tauride mountains, is located to the east of Malatya city in the southeast Anatolia. The ispendere ophiolite has a genetic link with the Kömürhan and Guleman ophiolites to the east. The İspendere ophiolite is a thrust over the Middle Eocene volkano-sedimentary Maden complex to the south and uncomformably overlain by Middle Eocene- Oligocene aged Kırkgeçit formation. The İspendere ophiolite in the region presents an intact oceanic litospheric section and from bottom to top comprises tectonites, ultramafic to mafic cumulates, ısotropic gabbros, isolated diabase dykes, sheeted dyke complex, plagiogranitic rocks and volcanics. The mantle tectonites are harzburgitic in composition. The ultramafik- mafic cumulate rocks are represented by wehrlite, dunite, troctolite, olivine gabbro, gabro, sheeted dykes, volcanics. Baskil granitoid is characterized by both mafic and felsic plutonic and subplutonic rock associations. The mafic and felsic plutonic rocks of the Baskil granitoid contain mafic mikrogranular enclaves (MME) in different shape and size. The Geological and petrographical studies carried out in the region suggest that: İspendere ophiolite formed in an intraoceanic subduction zone (SSZ) in southern neotetis during Late Cretaceous.İspendere (Malatya) bölgesinde birbirleriyle intrüzif ve tektonik dokanak ilişkisine sahip birçok tektono-magmatik/stratigrafik birim yer almaktadır. Bunlar; Maden karmaşığı, İspendere ofiyoliti ve Baskil granitoyidi'dir. Doğu Toroslar'da Neotetis okyanusal kabuğunun kalıntılarından birini temsil eden Geç Kretase yaşlı İspendere ofiyoliti Güneydoğu Anadolu'da Malatya ili'nin doğusunda yer almaktadır. İspendere ofiyoliti' nin doğusunda yer alan Kömürhan ve Guleman ofiyolitleri ile kökensel ilişkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. İspendere ofiyoliti çalışma alanında güneye doğru Orta Eosen yaşlı volkano-sedimanter Maden kompleksi üzerine bindirmekte ve bölgesinde Orta Eosen- Oligosen yaşlı Kırkgeçit formasyonu tarafından uyumsuz olarak üzerlenmektedir. İspendere ofiyoliti tam bir okyanusal litosfer kesiti sunmakta olup tabandan tavana doğru; tektonitler, ultramafik- mafik kümülatlar, izotrop gabro, izole diyabaz daykları, levha dayk kompleksi, plajiyogranit ve volkaniklerden oluşmaktadır. Manto kayaçları harzburjitik özelliktedir. Ultramafik-mafik kümülat kayaçları dunit, verlit, lerzolit, troktolit, olivinli gabro, gabrolar, levha daykları ve volkaniklerle temsil edilmektedir. Baskil granitoyidi felsik ve mafik magmatik kayaçlar olmak üzere iki farklı gruba ait derinlik ve yarı derinlik kayaçları ile temsil edilmektedir. Felsik ve mafik plütonik kayaçlar çeşitli şekil ve boyutlarda mafik mikrogranüler anklavlar (MME) içermektedirler. Bölgede yapılan jeolojik ve petrografik çalışmalar; İspendere ofiyolitinin Güney Neotetis'te Geç Kretase'de okyanus içi dalma-batma zonu (SSZ) üzerinde oluştuğunu ve kuzeyden güneye doğru bindirdiğini göstermektedir.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi Tarafından Desteklenmiştir. Proje No:MMF2007YL1

    Geochemical and petrographical features of Ortaköy granitoid (Yaylak/Aksaray)

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    Aksaray İli, Sarıyahşi İlçesi’ne bağlı Yaylak Köyü mevkiinde yüzeyleyen Ortaköy granitoyidi tonalit, granit, granodiyoritlerden meydana gelmektedir. Üst Kretase ( Maestrihtiyen-Kampaniyen) öncesi yaşlı kayaç grubu Kaman metamorfitlerini intrüzif dokanakla keserek bölgeye yerleşmiştir. Kayaçlar, granüler, mikrografik ve poikilitik doku sunmaktadır. Granitlerde, kuvars, plajiyoklas, ortoklas, biyotit, hornblend, tali mineral olarak zirkon, apatit, epidot, muskovit, granodiyoritilerde, kuvars, plajiyoklas, ortoklas, hornblend, biyotit ve ayrıca zirkon, apatit, sfen klorit türü tali mineraller gözlenmektedir. Tonalit türü kayaçlar ise plajiyoklas, kuvars, ortoklas, biyotit mineralleri ile temsil edilmektedir. Bölgede yer alan granitoyid, jeokimyasal olarak I-tipi, kalk-alkalen, metalümino-peralümino (A/CNK = 0,9-1,1) karakter sunmakta olup fraksiyonel kristalleşme sürecine bağlı olarak tek bir magmadan oluştukları izlenmektedir, volkanik yay granitlerinin genel özelliklerini taşıyan bölge granitoyidlerinde yüksek iyon yarıçaplı elementler (K, Rb, Ba, Th) bakımından okyanus ortası sırtı granitlerine göre zenginleşme, hareketsiz elementlerce (Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr, Sm, Y, Yb gibi) okyanus ortası sırtı granitlerine (ORG) benzerlik izlenmektedir. Ta elementinde gözlenen negatif anomali bu kayaçların oluşumunda yitim ve kabuksal kirlenmeye işaret etmektedir.The Ortaköy granitoid, which crops out near the Yaylak Village of the Sarıyahşi Township of the Aksaray Province, consists of intrusive rocks of tonalite, granite, and granodiorite composition. The Ortaköy granitoid was emplaced within the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian–Campanian) Kaman metamorphics. Intrusive rocks display granular, micrographic, and poikilitic textures. Granites consist of quartz, plagioclase, orthoclase, biotite, and hornblende, and lesser amounts of zircon, apatite, epidote, and muscovite, whereas granitoids mainly contain quartz, plagioclase, orthoclase, hornblende, biotite, and subordinate zircon, apatite, sphene, and chlorite. Tonalitic rocks, on the other hand, are characterized by a mineral assemblage of plagioclase, quartz, orthoclase, and biotite. The intrusive rocks of the region are geochemically of I-type, calc-alkaline, metaluminous to peraluminous (A/CNK = 0,9–1,1) volcanic arc granites that were formed through fractional crystallization of a single magmatic source. On a mid-ocean ridge granite-normalized (ORG- normalized) trace element diagram, they show enrichments in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) such as K, Rb, Ba, and Th, and have similar abundances of immobile elements including Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr, Sm, Y, and Yb with ORGs. Negative Ta anomalies observed in these rocks indicate the role of subduction and crustal contamination processes involved in their formation

    A strontium isotopic, petrographic, and Ostracoda biostratigraphic study of Middle-Late Miocene sequences: implications of record in the Silifke-Erdemli/Mersin, southern Turkey

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    WOS: 000431105000001In this paper, we present new data on Ostracoda micropaleontology, strontium isotopic ages, and petrology of the Miocene sequences in the Silifke-Erdemli area (Mersin/S. Turkey). Ostracods were investigated in the Middle and Late Miocene units, which are composed of clayey limestone and marl levels, reef limestones, and clay. Fifty-six ostracod species were identified, and a total of two initial levels were defined, one beginning in the Langhian stage, and the second at the end of the Serravallian and beginning of the Tortonian stage. The initial level of the Langhian stage is represented by the Carinocythereis, and the end of the Serravallian-beginning of the Tortonian stage is characterized by the initial level of Cyprideis. These levels have also been compared with other regions in the same stratigraphic levels in Turkey (Adana, Antakya, Mut, Denizli, and Antalya regions) and in areas around Turkey (Egypt, Italy, Greece, Croatia, and other Tethys-Paratethys regions). In addition, the levels identified in this study were also correlated to the planktonic foraminiferal zones identified for this region. The ostracod species identified are Carinocythereis at the initial level and subsequently, Cytherella postdenticulata Oertli, Grinioneis haidingeri minor (Ruggieri), Pokornyella deformis minor (Moyes), Carinocythereis antiquata (Baird), and Paracypris polita Sars; also, the other ostracod species are an initial level of Cyprideis followed by Cyprideis seminulum (Reuss), C. torosa (Jones), Cytheridea acuminata acuminata Bosquet, Miocyprideis sarmatica (Zalanyi), Neomonoceratina interiecta Bonaduce, Ruggieri, Russo and Bismuth, Schneidrella dromas (Schneider), and Krithe monosteracensis (Sequenza). Detailed petrographic analyses were carried out on the studied units. This analysis revealed that the reef limestones are composed of sandy intraclast-biomicrites, intra-packed biosparite, intra-packed biomicrite, microintra-packed micrite, and bioclastic-intramicrites; clayey limestones were rare clayey biomicrites and clayey intraclast-biomicrites. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate micropaleontological samples from the Miocene sequence based on ostracods and strontium dating to determine the precise age ranges. The Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios obtained from three samples of the limestones range between 0.708849 and 0.708902 and between 0.708868 and 0.708902, respectively. The Miocene sequences have been calibrated to range in age from 9.7 to 11.4 Ma via the strontium isotope ratio.Cukurova University Research FoundationCukurova University [FBA-2016-5464]Financial support was provided by the Cukurova University Research Foundation (Project No. FBA-2016-5464)

    COMPARISON OF ORTAKÖY/YAYLAK GRANİTOİD (AKSARAY) WITH THE OTHER INTRUSIONS

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    Bu çalışmada Aksaray ili, Sarıyahşi ilçesi Yaylak mevkiinde yüzeyleyen tonalit, granit, granodiyoritlerden meydana gelen Yaylak/Ortaköy granitoyidinin jeokimyasal, petrografik özellikleri verilmiş ve bölgede bulunan Yozgat, Ağaçören, Ekecikdağ ve Cefalıkdağ gibi kompozit granitoid intrüzyonları ile karşılaştırılmaları yapılmıştır. Orta Anadolu Kristalen Karmaşığı (OAKK) olarak adlandırılan, Ağaçören, Ekecikdağ, Cefalıkdağ, Idısdağ, Yozgat, Atdere, Ortaköy graniyoitleri farklı dokular, mineralojik içerikler ve bileşimler içermektedir. Ortaköy/Yaylak granitoyidi granit ve granodiyorit türü kayaçlarda alterasyon göstermekte, tonalit türü kayaçlarda daha taze örneklerle temsil edilmektedir. Granitler, granüler, mikrografik ve poiklitik doku sunmakta olup, mineral içerikleri çoktan aza doğru kuvars, plajiyoklas, ortoklas, biyotit, hornblend, tali mineral olarak zirkon, apatit, epidot, muskovit; granodiyortilerde, kuvars, plajiyoklas, ortoklas, hornblend, biyotit ve ayrıca zirkon, apatit, sfen, klorit türü tali mineraller gözlenmektedir. Tonalit türü kayaçlar ise plajiyoklas, kuvars, ortoklas, biyotit mineralleri ile temsil edilmektedir. Jeokimyasal olarak I-tipi, metalümino- peralümino (A/CNK=0,9-1,1) karakter sunmakta olduğu ve AFM diyagramına göre kayaçların kalk-alkalen karakterde fraksiyonel kristalleşme sürecine bağlı olarak tek bir magmadan oluştukları ortaya konulmuştur. Tüm örneklerin volkanik yay graniti olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ortaköy/yaylak graniyoyidin diğer intrüzüflerle jeokimyasal karşılaştırılmaları yapılmıştır

    COMPOSITIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE PLATINUM-GROUP ELEMENTS IN THE OPHIOLITIC CHROMITE in TURKEY

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    Platin Grup Elementlerin (PGE) yoğun olarak bulunduğu kromitlerin ve manto peridotitlerinin gözlendiği ofiyolitik kayalar Türkiye ve yakın çevresinde henüz yeterli derecede incelenmemiştir. Birçok araştırmacı podiform-tip kromitlerin dalma-batma zonunda oluştuklarını ortaya koymuşlardır. Kromitlerin bileşimi ve PGE’nin jeokimyası ve mineralojisi, kısmi ergime süreçlerini ve kromit/PGE’nin oluştuğu magmatik sistemlerde hakim olan termokimyasal koşulların tahmin edilmesinde kullanılmıştır. PGE’nin kromititlere dağılımı, üst mantonun kısmi erime süreçleri ve kromititlerin anakayaçlarının erimesinin fraksiyonlanma süreci hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlar. Kuzeybatı Anadolu’da Orhaneli-Harmancık ofiyolitinde çalışılan PGE’lerin Laurit/Elriçmanit türünde oldukları, Güneybatı Anadolu’da Gaziantep bölgesinde incelenen PGE’lerin Laurit/Irarsit türünde oldukları, Guleman ofiyolitinde gözlenen PGE’lerin Irarsit türünde oldukları ve astenosferden türedikleri, Islahiye bölgesinde yer alan ofiyolitik kayalardan analiz edilen PGE’lerin Laurit/Ruarsit türünde oldukları gözlenmektedi

    Origin and geodynamic implications of basaltic rocks intercalated with Miocene turbidites around the Iskenderun Basin (Eastern Mediterranean / Turkey)

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    We report a detailed investigation and the geodynamic implications of a basaltic lava flow that is intercalated with the early-middle Miocene turbiditic sedimentary rocks (Karatas, Formation) that are exposed near the Iskenderun Basin in southern Turkey. In order to reveal the age and origin of the basaltic rocks, we systematically sampled clastic samples from measured sedimentary sections, which include the basaltic lava flow, from around Ceyhan (east of Adana city). Forty different species belonging to 14 calcareous nannoplankton genera were identified in the samples, representing the Langhian-Tortonian (middle-late Miocene) time interval. Considering the stratigraphic distribution of the calcareous nannoplankton species in the section, the age of the basaltic lava flow is determined to be Serravallian (middle Miocene). The basaltic rocks experienced only minor magmatic evolution and have a restricted compositional range. Analysed in situ major element contents (from electron microprobe analysis, EMPA) for minerals (plagioclase, olivine and clinopyroxene) hosted by the late Miocene basaltic rocks show that they originated in an intraplate setting. Geochemical analysis indicates that olivine have Fo (forsterite) compositions between 57.81% and 83.83%. The EMPA contents (primarily based on pyroxenes) suggests that the late Miocene volcanism was related to the Pleistocene Delihalil-Turunclu basaltic volcanism. The studied late Miocene volcanism could have originated in two possible tectono-magmatic environments: 1) one involving collisional tectonics (e.g., folding) combined with a change from regional compression to strikeslip; or 2) an intraplate setting. We propose that the tectonic setting of the late Miocene basaltic lava flow was similar to that of the extensive Pleistocene Delihalil volcanism in the same region. This would extend the onset of the regional basaltic volcanism back to the middle-late Miocene, rather than being restricted to the Pleistocene-Quaternary

    Micropaleontological (Ostracoda) content and mineralogical properties of the Neogene Ergene Formation (SW Thrace region): implications for the evolution of Thrace Basin

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    This study encompasses micropaleontological and mineralogical research conducted in the Neogene cover deposits of the Thrace Basin, within the celebi and Sinanli members of the Ergene Formation. The chronostratigraphic, paleoenvironmental, and paleobiogeographic features of the two members of this formation are studied in detail. Ostracod genera and species were found out, and those were also defined both in Tethys and Paratethys regions in silty clay and clayey levels of the Celebi Member of the Ergene Formation. Ostracod faunas, which have developed in brackish sedimentation and are specific to Central and East Paratethys basin, are firstly identified in the clayey limestone levels of the Sinanli Member. Micropaleontologically, the calcareous nannoplankton and ostracod assemblages of the units were investigated, but calcareous nannoplankton species were not identified in the samples from the Ergene Formation in the study area. The measured stratigraphic sections were taken from two locations where the Ergene Formation and its two members could be best observed throughout the study. As a result of the micropaleontological evaluation of the washing samples taken from these sections, three ostracod species and three species were reported in the celebi Member within the formation; eight ostracod genera and eight species were also defined in the Sinanli Member. Ostracod genera and species such as Cyprideis pannonica, Ilyocypris cf. bradyi, Heterocypris salina, and Heterocypris sp. were defined within the celebi Member. Micropaleontological findings based on ostracods were obtained for the first time in the Sinanli Member, the second member of the formation. Ostracod genera and species such as Euxinocythere (Maeotocythere) pseudodiafana, Caspiocypris aff. alta, Typhlocypris eremita, Typhlocypris sp., Caspiolla bacuana, Caspiolla fastigata, Caspiolla sp.1, Caspiolla sp. 2, Caspiolla sp.3, Pontoniella srebarnensis, Serbiella cf. bacevicae, Candona aff. elongata, and Stanchevia sp. were defined in the Sinanli Member. The described ostracod species were the same as the Paratethys species defined in Bulgaria, Hungary (Central Paratethys), Romania, Crimea, Black Sea, Turkmenistan, and Azerbaijan (Eastern Paratethys). These species were first described in this study, especially in the second member of the Ergene Formation in Thrace, during the Late Miocene-Pliocene. It was determined that the ostracod genera and species found are communities in the brackish water system, compatible with the oligo-mesohaline salinity criteria. In this study, where the petrography of the basement units under the sedimentary cover was investigated, the lithology and mineralogical characteristics of the Ergene Formation were evaluated in terms of the paleoenvironmental interpretation of the related unit. The presence of montmorillonite-type minerals in the clay lithology of the formation confirms its terrestrial origin
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