Figurative Language in Kakong Community: a Study in Lombok Island

The current research aims to find the types and functions of figurative languages commonly used by Kakong Community. The data gathered through observation, note taking, and interview then analyzed through the interactive model. At the end, the study concluded that: 1). the types of figurative languages that commonly used by Kakong community are similes, metaphors, and idioms. 2). the functions of those figurative languages are to maintain social relation, to criticize, to insult, and to give comment about something. 3). Using figurative language is preferable for Kakong community. The study also recommending that: 1). Kakong community has the obligation to save their language. 2). Preserving figurative language as one of the old culture heritages needs to be considered by extending further research. 3). People of Kakong community should be proud of having figurative language and they are supposed to use them continually. 4). the hidden values in figurative language need to be understood to get a better relationship in social life

Associations of Maternal Knowledge and Exclusive Breastfeeding with Nutrition Status of Children Under Five in Bangkalan, East Java

Background: Nutritional status of children is one of the major predictors of child survival. Despite the various efforts, malnutrition among children remains as a major public health problem in Indonesia. Previous studies reported exclusively breastfed children were nutritionally better off and children of illiterate women were nutritionally more vulnerable than children of women who had higher education. This study aimed to determine the associations of maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) with nutrition status of children under five in Bangkalan, East Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Posyandu (integrated family health post) Jagul, Bangkalan, East Java. A sample of 67 children under five years of age were selected for this study. The dependent variable was child nutrition status as measured by weight for age Z score. Nutritional status was classified as good if -2 ≤ Z score < 2, and underweight if Z score <-2. The independent variables were maternal knowledge and EBF. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: Normal nutritional status was associated with better maternal knowledge on EBF (OR= 2.70; p= 0.033) and provision of EBF (OR= 2.15; p= 0.048). Conclusion: Normal nutritional status of children under five is associated with better maternal knowledge on EBF and provision of EBF. Keywords: nutritional status, maternal knowledge, exclusive breastfeeding

Kriteria Memilih Pasangan Hidup (Kajian Hermeneutika Hadis)

A saki>nah mawaddah wa rah}mah family is the hope of all married couples. In reality, the rising divorce rate in Indonesia, particularly as recorded by Religious Court, is alarming and thus needs to be studied. There are two main factors that determine the successful marriage: choosing the right spouse-to-be (pre-wedding) and maintaining a good marital relationship (post-wedding). The question to be studied in this article is how the interpretation of hadiths containing teachings on maintaining a good marital relationship using hermeneutics can guarantee its wellbeing

Karakteristik Ibu dengan Kejadian Gizi Kurang pada Balita 6-24 Bulan di Kecamatan Selat , Kapuas Tahun 2016

Masalah gizi di Indonesia yang terbanyak meliputi gizi kurang atau mencakup susunan&nbsp; hidangan yang tidak seimbang maupun konsumsi keseluruhan yang tidak mencukupi kebutuhan badan. Anak Balita (1-5 tahun) merupakan kelompok umur yang paling sering menderita akibat kekurangan gizi ( KEP ) atau termasuk salah satu kelompo masyarakat yang rentan gizi.&nbsp; Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui&nbsp; karakteristik ibu dengan kejadian gizi kurang pada Balita 6-24 bulan di kecamatan selat kabupaten Kapuas.&nbsp; Desain penelitian&nbsp; ini&nbsp; menggunakan studi deskriptif – observasional&nbsp; dengan rancangan cross sectional .penelitian ini dilakukan pada 36 responden dengan metode purposive sampling&nbsp; yang dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga&nbsp; November 2016. Kesimpulan&nbsp;&nbsp; Hasil uji statistik dengan&nbsp; menggunakan uji chi Square untuk melihat faktor&nbsp; yang&nbsp; mempengaruhi&nbsp; status gizi&nbsp; Balita usia 6 – 24 bulan di kecamatan selat kabupaten Kapuas Kalimantan tengah&nbsp;&nbsp; diperoleh karakteristik&nbsp; faktor memiliki pengaruh terhadap status gizi&nbsp; kurang Balita meliputi : pendidikan ibu (P value 0,015), Pengetahuan ibu&nbsp; (P value 0,020), Pekerjaan ibu&nbsp; (P value 0,017) dan pendapatan ibu&nbsp; (P value 0,000). Petugas kesehatan harus memberikan pendidkan kesehatan kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya asupan gizi untuk tumbuh kembang anak agar Balita dengan gizi kurang tidak terjadi

Water Structure and Its Correlation to Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation

Clouds, a mixture of water vapor, condensed liquid droplets, solid crystals and aerosol particles, exert an importance on weather and climate via controlling the amount of precipitation and transportation of radiative fluxes. One of the major processes involved in clouds is heterogeneous ice nucleation, which is nucleation facilitated by the presence of mineral substrates. Understanding the role played by solid surfaces in influencing the structure and dynamics of water and thus regulating ice nucleation paves the road for forecasting long-term climate change and designing surfaces with customer-specified ice nucleation properties. The goal of our research is to be able to predict the nucleating ability of a surface based on the interfacial water structure and dynamics. To investigate this problem, we focus on mica, which has a molecularly smooth nature to begin with, thus eases out the complexity of dealing with surface defects. By combining molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we probe the change in interfacial water arrangement, spatial correlation and dynamics on mica surface. The interplay of ion-water, ion-surface, and surface-water interactions affect the interfacial water arrangement along with the hydrogen bond network, which is found to be the crucial part in altering surface nucleating ability

The Influence of Mastering Target-language Culture on the Students' Language Skills

Mastering language in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context requires many aspects related to the language itself. This paper aimed to explore one of the aspects which influenced the students' language skills which were the target-language culture. The current paper utilized qualitative research in the form of case study. Besides, the participants were the fourth-semester students of English department in Universitas Mataram. The method of collecting the data employed interview and observation. To validate the data, the triangulations of the data source and data collection method were utilized. At the end, to analyze the data, the interactive model was employed. The result revealed that 1). The students get the influences on their reading and speaking skills by learning target-language culture in Cross Culture Understanding (CCU) class, 2). The influence in reading can be seen when the students' gaining new vocabulary from the texts they read and produced it when they spoke, and 3). In speaking, the students' accent still affected greatly by the interference of their native accent and culture. The paper also suggests that employing the mixed method (quantitative and qualitative methods) might be useful and more preferable to see the influence on the students' language skills as the effect of attending the CCU class and learning the target-language culture

Function of Serum Complement in Drinking Water Arsenic Toxicity

Serum complement function was evaluated in 125 affected subjects suffering from drinking water arsenic toxicity. Their mean duration of exposure was 7.4 ± 5.3 yrs, and the levels of arsenic in drinking water and urine samples were 216 ± 211 and 223 ± 302 μg/L, respectively. The mean bactericidal activity of complement from the arsenic patients was 92% and that in the unexposed controls was 99% (P < 0.01), but heat-inactivated serum showed slightly elevated activity than in controls. In patients, the mean complement C3 was 1.56 g/L, and C4 was 0.29 g/L compared to 1.68 g/L and 0.25 g/L, respectively, in the controls. The mean IgG in the arsenic patients was 24.3 g/L that was highly significantly elevated (P < 0.001). Arsenic patients showed a significant direct correlation between C3 and bactericidal activity (P = 0.014). Elevated levels of C4 indicated underutilization and possibly impaired activity of the classical complement pathway. We conclude reduced function of serum complement in drinking water arsenic toxicity

Effect of heat treatment on the antioxidant activities of two cultivars of sweet potatoes

Natural sources of antioxidants are derived from fruits, vegetables and wine, whilst artificial supplements are from teas and spices. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is an excellent natural source of vitamins and minerals, and likely a great source of antioxidant. The objective of this study is to analyze the antioxidant activity of orange sweet potato (Vitato) and purple sweet potato (All purple), prepared as heat dry and moist heat for 30 minutes at 100oC. All the samples were obtained from Pasir Puteh and MARDI Telong, Bachok, Kelantan, respectively. Both samples were soaked into methanol to obtain the crude extract prior to analyzing for antioxidant activity by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). IC50 values of dry heat and moist heat Vitato were 0.40mg/L and 0.20mg/L while dry heat and moist heat, All purple were 0.32mg/L and 0.19mg/L, respectively. Both moist heat samples enjoyed higher scavenging activities compared to dry heat samples. However, the All purple sample of moist heat is the most superior one. Significant difference of IC50 values between dry heat and moist heat sample differ significantly. Thus, this study clearly demonstrated that moist heat sweet potato exhibited excellent increase in antioxidant activity