Bowtie Method: Study of Occupational Health and Safety Risks in Cement Production Process

The kiln area is an area that has a very complex hazard potential in the cement production process. This study aimed to assess the risks of occupational safety and health during the production process in the kiln area of ​​PT. X uses the bowtie method. This study used a qualitative descriptive design. The informants used were three managers of the clinker production department, one safety manager, and one field operator. Research data were collected through interviews and observations. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the bowtie method. The study results stated that hot dust could be dangerous if it comes out of the system caused by positive pressure, such as the Induced Draft Fan (IDF) turning off, causing losses such as burns to workers. Heat can be dangerous if it experiences a significant increase due to excess fuel, causing losses, such as health-related illnesses. Preventive controls were carried out such as routine inspections. Mitigation controls were carried out such as light signals. Escalation factors can thwart hot dust and heat control, such as the deformation of raw meals. Escalation factor control, such as the implementation of work instructions. PT. X has carried out control in the kiln area, but additional controls are needed

EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM AT ERNALDI BAHAR SUMATERA SELATAN

Introduction: The hospital is a place that is quite prone to fire hazards. Ernaldi Bahar has various characteristics of activities that have the potential to cause fires such as medical and administrative activities that use electrical installations as well as the use of intensive fire sources in kitchens, laundry or generator rooms as well as the presence of relatively high burning materials sourced from various medicines, chemicals, LPG gas cylinders and oxygen. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the implementation of active fire protection system at Ernaldi Bahar. Methods: This study uses qualitative methods with observational approaches, interviews and document studies. Result: The results showed that the active fire protection system at Ernaldi Bahar Hospital is well categorized with a percentage of 69% value with the results of fire alarm analysis based on Kepmen PU No.10 Year 2000, NFPA 72 and SNI 03-3985-2000 (81%), fire detector analysis based on NFPA 2000 and SNI 03-3985-2000 (100%), apar analysis based on NFPA 10 (89%), building hydrant analysis based on Permen PU No.26 Year 2008 and SNI 03-1745-2000 (73%), analysis of page hydrants based on Permen PU No.26 Year 2008 and SNI 03-1745-2000 (73%), and Sprinkler analysis based on SNI 03-3989-2000 (0%). Conclusion: Active fire protection system has been implemented well with a percentage of 69% value but it need some improvement in maintenance, placement, recording and completeness of active fire protection system components. Keywords: Hospital, Fire, Active Fire Protection Syste

Kebakaran Lahan Basah dalam Perspekif Masyarakat

Perception in the community greatly affects the occurrence of fire because if the community has the intention to burn land it will produce behavior to burn land. The intention in carrying out an action including burning land does not appear suddenly but must go through stages. Behavior Planned Theory states that behavior can be predicted by attitudes toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceptions of behavior control will change the intentions and behavior of individuals. Methods:  The study design used in the study is qualitative with a descriptive approach, which is to review and analyze people's perception of fire events in the Ogan Ilir wetlands of South Sumatra. Study informants consist of expert informants and key informants. The expert informants in this study are the Regional Disaster Management Agency, the Subdistrict Head, and the Village Head. Expert informants are the community in the subdistrict at the study site. Results: The results showed that attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms, and perceptions of control had a positive influence on the intention of the people in Ogan Ilir not to burn land. Conclusion: Planned Behavior Theory explains that intention is a function of three determinants. The three determinant components affect the intentions in individuals in the community, namely the community prefers to open land by poisoning grass and using tractors. The intention resulted in the behavior of people who do not burn land to open land.Persepsi di masyarakat sangat mempengaruhi terjadinya kebakaran karena jika masyarakat memiliki niat untuk membakar lahan maka akan menghasilkan perilaku untuk membakar lahan. Niat dalam melakukan suatu tindakan termasuk membakar lahan tidak muncul secara tiba-tiba tetapi harus melalui tahapan-tahapan. Behavior Planned Theory menyatakan bahwa perilaku yang dapat diprediksi oleh sikap terhadap perilaku, norma subjektif, dan persepsi kontrol perilaku akan mengubah niat dan perilaku individu. Metode: Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, yaitu mengkaji dan menganalisis persepsi masyarakat terhadap kejadian kebakaran di lahan basah Ogan Ilir Sumatera Selatan. Informan penelitian terdiri dari informan ahli dan informan kunci. Informan ahli dalam penelitian ini adalah Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah, Camat, dan Kepala Desa. Informan ahli adalah masyarakat di kecamatan di lokasi penelitian. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap terhadap perilaku, norma subjektif, dan persepsi kontrol berpengaruh positif terhadap niat masyarakat di Ogan Ilir untuk tidak membakar lahan. Kesimpulan: Planned Behavior Theory menjelaskan bahwa niat merupakan fungsi dari tiga determinan. Tiga komponen determinan yang mempengaruhi intensi pada individu dalam masyarakat yaitu masyarakat lebih suka membuka lahan dengan cara meracuni rumput dan menggunakan traktor. Niat tersebut mengakibatkan perilaku masyarakat yang tidak membakar lahan menjadi membuka lahan