Aktivitas Sitotoksik Fraksi Semipolar Ekstrak Etanol Daun Srikaya (Annona Squamosa Linn.) Terhadap Sel T47D

Senyawa kimia dalam tanaman tertentu terbukti berpotensi sebagai agen kemoterapi. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa senyawa asetogenin dalam srikaya mempunyai aktivitas antimikroba dan antikanker. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sitotoksik fraksi semipolar ekstrak etanol 96% daun srikaya (Annona Squamosa L.) terhadap sel kanker payudara (T47D) Fraksi semipolar dibuat dengan cara fraksinasi dengan metode kromatografi cair vakum (KCV) terhadap ekstrak etanol daun srikaya yang diperoleh secara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Fraksinasi menggunakan fase diam Silika gel G254 dan fase gerak kombinasi heksan : etil asetat. Fraksi semipolar ekstrak diuji aktivitas sitotoksiknya terhadap sel T47D dengan seri konsentrasi 150; 100; 50; 25; 10; 5 µg/mL. Análisis kualitatif senyawa yang terkandung dalam fraksi semipolar ekstrak etanol daun srikaya dengan menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT). Fase gerak yang digunakan dalam fraksinasi maupun uji KLT adalah heksan dan etil asetat dengan perbandingan tertentu, sedangkan fase diam adalah silika gel 254 nm. Hasil uji sitotoksik menggunakan metode MTT Assay menunjukkan bahwa fraksi semipolar ekstrak etanol daun srikaya memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 184,49,41 µg/mL. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa efek toksik dari fraksi semipolar terhadap sel T47D tergolong rendah. Hasil identifikasi kandungan kimia memperlihatkan bahwa fraksi semipolar ekstrak etanol daun srikaya mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, dan tanin

A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON DIFFICULTIES IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT FACED BY THE SECOND YEAR STUDENT AT SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 2 GEMOLONG IN IN 2010-2011 ACADEMIC YEAR

The study is aimed at revealing the difficulties faced by the students and how does the teacher solves them in writing recount text in the second year students of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Gemolong. This study is a qualitative study. The subject of the study refers to persons, or things to be studied and the object of the study is the difficulties in writing English recount text of second year students of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Gemolong in 2010/2011 academic year. The data of this research are informations taken from three sources of the data that are event, document, and informant. In collecting the data, the writer used interview, observation, and document. The technique of the data analysis, the writer uses descriptive technique. The problems faced by the students in writing recount text are the students have difficulties to make a recount text based on its paragraph organization, the students have difficulties to express their ideas in long written language and the students have difficulties to use the correct grammar when they make a paragraph. The causes of problems faced by the students are the students are weak in determining the orientation, sequence of events and reorientation and also the use of past tense, the students are lack of idea and vocabulary mastery and the students are weak in using appropriate grammar to make recount text

Analisis dan Perencanaan Sumber Daya Manusia pada Perusahaan Distribusi

Sumberdaya perusahaan terdiri berasal dari aset tangible (seperti: mesin, bangunan,uang) maupun aset intangible (seperti pengetahuan, kapabilitas dan keterampilan sumberdaya manusia). Sumberdaya perusahaan yang berwujud aset tangible dapat dikatakan mudah diduplikasi oleh pesaing namun aset intangible yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan lebih sulit untuk diduplikasi oleh pesaing. Sumberdaya Manusia (SDM) merupakan keunggulan kompetitif yang berupa potensi keunggulan kompetensi yang dimilikinya berwujud intelektualitas, sifat, keterampilan, pembawaan personal, serta proses intelektual dan kognitif, tidak sanggup ditiru oleh perusahaan lain. Kuantitas dan mutu pengetahuan SDM melalui pelatihan kepada SDM atau menstimulasi SDM-nya supaya selalu "learning by doing" sesuai dengan learning organization. Dalam mengembangkan SDM yang dimiliki perusahaan benar-benar terkait terhadap proses organisasi untuk mencetak SDM yang kompeten dan kapabilitas perusahaan untuk merekrut individu- individu terbaik. Pengembangan rencana SDM benar- benar memengaruhi bagaimana SDM itu mesti dikembangkan untuk meraih keunggulan kompetitif.. PT. HM merupakan perusahaan multinasional yang mendistribusikan produk Fast Moving Consumer Good ( FMCG) . Perusahaan ini terus menyempurnakan sistem pengembangan Sumber daya manusia di perusahaannya. Pengembangan sistem rekrutment, Sistem pengembangan kompetensi karyawan, sistem penilaian prestasi , pengembangan benefit dan fasilitas sampai pada berbagai aspek SDM di perusahaan. Tulisan kali ini akan mendeskripsikan bagaimana PT. HM mengembangan sistem SDM , berbagai kendaladan masukkan bagi perbaikka

ANALISA TINGKAT PELAYANAN JALUR PEJALAN KAKI YANG SINERGIS DENGAN FASILITAS TRANSPORTASI PUBLIK DI KOTA SURABAYA

Surabaya is the capital of East Java Provincial with high mobility of resident dynamics. These matters directly have an effect to exploiting of facility of existing transportation mode. In Central Business District and in other areas like commerce area, trade centre and education area, exploiting of public transportations becoming especial choice in supporting mobility and accessibility process. Facility cessation of public transportations (Public Transportations Shelter) which are in some business area shares, education and commerce in town of Surabaya for example attributed to many pedestrian of lane. In order to improve security, safety and comfortable for consumer of pedestrian lane and at the same time pedestrian lane giving a synergic relations with facility cessation of existing public transportations, hence require to be conducted by planning of pedestrian lane paid attention aspect such as pedestrian level of service. Keywords: pedestrian level of service, synergic relation of pedestrian lane and public transportations shelte

Local Area Traffic Management in Surabaya

There has been a consistent interest at both the metropolitan scale and at the iocal level to reduce energy consumption, relieve traffic congestion, enhance the mobility of central business areas, promote pedestrian anC Uiryrt. ir., and improve parkrng management. Over several years, alarge amouat of event relevant to local area it.nning in Surabaya has been riquired. A few considerable topics of planning, such as pedestrian movement iacititiei, bicycle line planning, connected public transportations tbcilities, the traffic management, and parking -:sign are particularly applicable to local area planning and design in certain area of Surabaya especially with \6ri business area shares, education and commerc