Unearthing the Academic Time Capsule: Delving into the Evolution of Science Education Among Indonesian Students

The Indonesian education system, in general, still has many challenges in learning science. The results of the 2018 PISA survey put Indonesia in 74th place, which is sixth from the bottom. Indonesian students' reading ability, with a score of 371, is in the 74th position; Mathematics, with 379, is in the 73rd position; and Science, with a score of 396, is in the 71st position. This situation is intriguing to explore how history influences the education system's current conditions, especially in science learning. The article will explore the effect of changes in the education system on science learning in Indonesia. Exploration of science learning will start from the education system before the independence of Indonesia to the current education system. Using a historical approach, and this article concludes that political power influences change in the ideological orientation of the system and the direction of education, especially in education policy, curriculum changes, and learning activities. This change in situation plays a huge role in determining the achievements of current science learning and achievements

PERAN REFLEKSI DIRI DAN VIDEO COACHING DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE (PCK) GURU BIOLOGI SMP PADA MATERI SISTEM PERNAPASAN MANUSIA

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengunaan rekaman video pembelajaran dan video coaching dalam memfasilitasi refleksi diri guru guna mengembangkan PCK guru biologi SMP pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah empat orang guru biologi yang tengah terlibat dalam program Lesson Study di kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat. Partisipan dipilih berdasarkan pada kesamaan materi pembelajaran yang didokumentasikan dalam bentuk rekaman video selama mengikuti kegiatan Lesson study pada sesi Open Class yang mereka telah lakukan. Pada penelitian ini partisipan terlibat dalam dua kegiatan. Pertama, partisipan melakukan refleksi diri dengan menganalisis rekaman video pembelajaran yang telah mereka lakukan sebelumnya. Kedua, partisipan dilibatkan dalam kegiatan pelatihan berbentuk video coaching yang berisi materi-materi pengembangan PCK guru. Perkembangan PCK guru selama mengikuti kedua kegiatan diungkap menggunakan instrumen CoRe. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa dengan melakukan refleksi diri menggunakan rekaman video pembelajaran yang telah mereka lakukan sebelumnya, guru-guru dapat menyadari kelebihan dan kelemahan kegiatan pembelajaran yang mereka lakukan dan memiliki ide-ide baru yang berbeda untuk perbaikan kegiatan pembelajaran di masa yang akan datang. Kemudian melalui video coaching, guru-guru memperoleh tambahan informasi dan masukan mengenai pertimbangan-pertimbangan dan keputusan pedagogis yang harus dilakukan dalam melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran. Hal tersebut terlihat dari perubahan pernyataan jawaban dalam menjawab instrumen CoRe. Kata kunci: Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), refleksi diri guru biologi, video coaching The objective of the study is to examine the use of video recording of the lesson and video coaching to facilitate teacher self-reflection in order to develop teacher’s PCK in teaching human respiration system for junior high school level. The participants of the study consist of four biology teachers who have been enrolling Lesson study program in Sumedang, West Java. The participants were chosen based on the similarity of the teaching material that was documented during their open lesson session, which is human respiration system. In this study the participants involved in two activities. First, the participants conduct self-reflection analysis of their own teaching video. Second, the participants are involved in video coaching session. The video used for coaching consist of some information for teacher’s PCK development. The development of teacher’s PCK during the study was assessed by using CoRe instrument. The results of the study indicated that conducting self-analysis of their teaching made the teachers realizing the strengths and weaknesses of their teaching session and let them have new ideas for improving their teaching in the future. Through video coaching, the teachers got more information about some considerations and pedagogical decisions that must be made during their teaching. Those things can be seen from the change of their answers of the CoRe instrument. Keywords: Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), biology teacher self-reflection, video coachin

The Development of Science Comic in Human Digestive System Topic for Junior High School Students

The science education approach has covered by using printed teaching media. One of the popular printed press that most accessible and may used in science education is a comic book. However, it is sometimes difficult to find the ideal and the appropriate comic books that can be used as the instructional tool of science education, because most of them are inappropriate for learning science and did not fit with the readers’ culture. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the Science comic to contribute to science learning about Human Digestive System Topic (HDST) concepts. In this study, a science comic book was created and implemented to 92 students of year eight from three different junior high schools and three science teachers as a subject implementation development. Students’ responses through the questionnaire and students-teachers’ implementation test sheets evaluated through qualitative content analysis. The model used for this study is design and development. The result shows, most of the students agreed that science comic book helps them to learn through simplifying science concept and understanding the topic more accessible. The ideal science comic should also follow the right steps, appropriate aspects consisted, gain more science experience for both students and teachers to enjoy the learning process.HighlightsScience comic is one of effective printed teaching mediaHumour can be illustrated by the narrative to transfer the information of scienceScience comic can cover the need to communicate the fascination, joy, and utility of science 

An Analysis of the Relationship between Students’ Scientific Attitude and Students’ Learning Style in Junior High School

The objectives of this study were to profile the relationship of scientific attitude level and learning style preference among junior high school students in Bandung. This study utilized a survey research design with a total sample size of 110 students. A scientific attitude questionnaire and a visual, auditory, and kinesthetic (VAK) learning style inventory were administered in this study. The questionnaire measures five aspects of scientific attitude, specifically rationality, curiosity, open-mindedness, aversion to superstition, and objectivity. The VAK learning style inventory evaluates the preferred means of receiving sensory information. The scientific attitude questionnaire provided consistent results, as indicated by its reliability coefficient (0.896). The results show that junior high school students have an average level of scientific attitude and generally prefer a kinesthetic learning style.  There was a medium relationship between scientific attitude and learning style among the students (Cramer’s V coefficient = 0.239).  It is concluded that learning style must be considered in implementing a science lesson, especially in the Indonesian context

An Investigation of Junior High School Students' Science Self-Efficacy and its Correlation with Their Science Achievement in Different School Systems

Based on PISA 2018 result, the science achievement of Indonesian students was below average. Some factors influence students' achievement in learning science, such as motivation, emotion regulation, self-efficacy, and school system. This study investigates students' self-efficacy in learning science in different school systems. The present investigation aims to discover students' self-efficacy levels in public and private schools. By looking at students' self-efficacy levels, this study determines its correlation with science achievement. There were 170 public school students and 107 private school students in Bandung City involved in the study. This study employed a correlational research design to determine the correlation between two variables. The correlation analysis was done in each school. Thus, Spearman-rank correlational analysis was used to investigate the correlation between the two variables in three public schools and two private schools. Also, Person-correlational analysis was used for the other private school. The results show that students' self-efficacy in public and private schools was in the medium levels. Seventy-eight point eight public-school students and 76.6% of private school students were classified at the medium level. However, there was no correlation between students' self-efficacy and their achievement in learning science both in public and private schools

Refleksi Diri dan Pengetahuan Pedagogi Konten Guru Biologi SMP melalui Analisis Rekaman Video Pembelajaran

Kegiatan refleksi diri dapat membantu dan memfasilitasi guru untuk meningkatkan kualitas kegiatan pembelajaran.  Selain itu, masukan yang diperoleh oleh guru selama melakukan refleksi diri dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan pedagogi konten guru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji penggunaan rekaman video sebagai alat efektif praktik reflektif untuk guru. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari empat guru biologi yang telah terlibat dalam kegiatan lesson study di Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Subjek penelitian dipilih berdasarkan kesamaan materi pembelajaran yang didokumentasikan pada kegiatan open lesson, yaitu pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia. Pada penelitian ini, subjek penelitian terlibat dalam dua kegiatan. Pertama, para peserta sebagai subjek penelitian melakukan analisis refleksi diri dari video pembelajaran mereka sendiri. Kedua, para peserta melakukan analisis refleksi diri menggunakan video pembelajaran dari guru lain. Data dianalisis dengan kategorisasi jawaban refleksi diri kemudian diikuti dengan kegiatan wawancara. Hasil wawancara kemudian ditranskrip untuk klarifikasi dengan hasil jawaban refleksi diri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melakukan analisis diri dengan menggunakan rekaman video menjadikan para guru menyadari kelebihan dan kekurangan sesi pembelajaran yang mereka lakukan dan memberikan ide-ide baru untuk perbaikan di masa mendatang

The Effect of Project in Problem-Based Learning on Students’ Scientific and Information Literacy in Learning Human Excretory System

The present study aims to investigate the effect of Project in Problem-Based Learning on students’ scientific and information literacy in grade 8 studying in one of the private schools in Bandung in the human excretory system topic. A sample of 39 students in two classes was selected purposively from the five classes available in the school. An experimental group comprising 19 students received the instruction by Problem-Based Learning with the project at the end of the lesson while the control group comprising 20 students received the human excretory instruction by using Problem-Based Learning without a project. The data was collected via the pre-test and post-test administration. The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS software by employing an independent t-test. Results indicated that after the one-month treatment period, students in the experimental group have a higher score in the scientific literacy test compared to the students in the control group even it was not significantly different. Therefore, the results of students’ information literacy showed that there was a significant difference between the experiment and control group. It is concluded that Project in problem-based learning is useful to conduct as the learning strategies in the classroom to improve students’ scientific and information literacy

The Relation between Gender, Reasons to Participate in STEM-Related Subjects, Programs and The University Supports On First-Year University Student’s Satisfaction: A Structural Equation Model

First-year student's satisfaction has considered an important factor in the quality education offered by the university program. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship among gender, a reason to participate in STEM-related subjects, program, and the university support on first-year student's satisfaction of STEM learning. The methods used in this study surveyed student's satisfaction using adapted interest and recruitment in the science questionnaire (IRIS Q) instrument. The questionnaire comprised question items covering school science experiences, sources of inspiration for the choice of education, expectations for future job, first-year experiences as a STEM student, and attitudes to gender equity in STEM. A total of 448 students, first-year students from STEM-related programs, have participated voluntarily in this study. The structural equating model assisted by computer program IBM SPSS Amos 20 was employed to analyze the hypothesized model. The results from the model showed that reason and university support have a positive direct effect on first-year students' satisfaction with STEM learning. From this study, it is suggested for the university to improve first-year student's satisfaction by helping STEM students to develop appropriate expectations of the program, facilitating teaching quality to meet STEM students' learning, and assisting students in developing positive attitudes toward their future carriers

PERUBAHAN KONSEPTUAL SISWA MELALUI STRATEGI MENGAJAR PDEODE (PREDICT-DISCUSS-EXPLAIN-OBSERVE-DISCUSS-EXPLAIN) PADA KONSEP EKOSISTEM

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat perubahan konseptual pada pemahaman siswa pada konsep ekosistem. Pada penelitian ini digunakan strategi mengajar PDEODE (Predict-Discuss-Explain-Observe-Discuss-Explain) yang merupakan pengembangan dari strategi mengajar POE (Predict-Discuss-Explain). Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 28 orang siswa dari salah satu SMA Negeri berstatus RSMABI (Rancangan Sekolah Menengah Atas Berstandar Internasional) di kota bandung. Konsepsi awal siswa diungkap dengan menggunakan tes yang disebut ECT (Ecosystem Conceptual Test) yang terdiri dari sepuluh pertanyaan. Strategi mengajar ini disusun berdasarkan konsepsi alternatif siswa. Perubahan konseptual pada siswa dievaluasi dengan menggunakan tes yang sama pada pretest, posttest dan delayed posttest. Skor dari setiap tes kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah the one way ANOVA for repeated measures. Hasil dari analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa skor dari setiap tes berbeda secara signifikan. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa strategi mengajar yang digunakan membantu siswa untuk memperoleh pemahaman konsep yang lebih baik. Selain itu, tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan antara skor posttest dan delayed posttest yang menunjukkan bahwa terjadi retensi dari konsepsi baru yang siswa peroleh hingga dilaksanakannya delayed posttest