Dissecting the effect of family business exposure on entrepreneurial implementation intention

This is an accepted manuscript of a paper published by Emerald in International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research on 06/05/2022, available online: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-05-2021-0350 The accepted manuscript of the publication may differ from the final published version.Purpose Scholars have typically examined family business exposure as an aggregate variable. However, it is probable that this trend oversimplifies the complexity of family exposure and its nuanced influence on entrepreneurial behaviour. Thus, to extend the theoretical boundary, this inquiry investigates distinct dimensions of family exposure in Nigeria while drawing on the theory of planned behaviour. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from five public universities in Nigeria. A sample of 1,314 respondents was analysed using a partial least squares structural equation modelling approach to determine the influence of alternate family business exposures. Findings The results show that entrepreneurial exposure in the forms of parent, family member and work involvement have salient and distinctive influences on implementation intention to the extent that entrepreneurial self-efficacy, attitudes and subjective norms are uniquely impacted. Originality/value This study offers novel insights on the predictors of entrepreneurial implementation intention through the distinctive effects of (1) family member exposure, (2) parent exposure and (3) work involvement exposure among students in the family firm context

Early Internationalization of Enterprises: A New Area of Research

The paper is concerned with the “early internationalization” of firms and shows the state of research into this issue in Poland. The author reviews the body of research to date. The review covers leading Polish and international economic and business journals that have dealt with issues such as “born globals,” “international new ventures” and “early internationalization.” In all, the author reviews almost 30 scientific studies. Of these only one referred to a company that had ties to Poland. On the basis of the review, the author discusses concepts applied in research into early internationalization, in particular definitions of enterprises that follow this strategy. Among the criteria for distinguishing various types of “early internationalizing firms,” geographical factors are seen as the most important. The author found that the tendency to undergo early internationalization and the effects of this process were related to the competitive strategies employed by firms. The paper’s findings referring to early internationalization indicate that the process should also occur in the Polish economy. However, for the time being, there is no scientific evidence of early internationalization in Poland. International literature on the subject shows that further scientific research into early internationalization in Poland should primarily focus on the motives for early internationalization, the author concludes. Researchers should also turn the searchlight on the relationship between early internationalization, on the one hand, and industrial factors, business strategies and company resources, on the other

How Can Blockchain Technology Disrupt the Existing Business Models?

Objective: The main purpose of the paper is to show that blockchain technology may disrupt the existing business models and to explore how this may occur. Research Design & Methods: This is a theory development paper which relies on a literature review and desk re-search. The discussion of the reviewed sources leads to the formulation of three re-search propositions. Findings: The paper provides a short overview of key literature on business models and business model innovation, indicating, among others, that new technologies may be one of the drivers of business model innovation. This study also provides an overview of blockchain technology and a range of its business applications showing how it can disrupt business models. It is shown that blockchain technology may affect many dimensions of business models. We propose that there are three crucial ways in which blockchain technology can affect and disrupt business models: by authenticating traded goods, via disintermediation and via lowering transaction costs. Implications & Recommendations: This study shows that blockchain technology may affect diverse dimensions of business models in diverse industries. It is recommended that mangers should follow developments in this field in order to prepare for possible disruptions in their industries. Contribution & Value Added: This study provides an analysis of the possible impact of blockchain technology on business model innovation. Blockchain technology is gaining momentum with more and more diverse applications, as well as increasing numbers of actors involved in its applications. This paper contributes to our understanding of the possible applications of blockchain technology to businesses, and in particular to its impact on business models

The Level and Determinants of Internationalization in Poland’s Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

The article deals with the determinants of the process of internationalization among small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland. In particular, Nowiński and Nowara set out to determine the relationship between the intensity of exports and the geographical diversification of exports, on the one hand, and variables such as the experience of companies on foreign markets, their size and the use of niche strategies, on the other. The analysis is based on empirical data obtained through a survey. Research methods used by the authors include non-parametric Spearman correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple regression analysis. The results obtained show that the level of internationalization is related to factors such as company resources and skills as well as experience gained abroad-including both the experience of a company on export markets and experience brought to the company by international executives. The authors found a significant relationship between imports of intermediate goods and the level of internationalization of enterprises. On the other hand, there is no significant relationship between the level of internationalization and the size of a company, the authors say. Nowiński and Nowara conclude that the intensity of exports depends on factors such as a company’s export experience and the level of global integration in a sector, while the number of foreign markets targeted is less significant. Generally, the analyzed variables better reflect the intensity rather than geographical diversification of exports, the authors say

Drivers and strategies of international new ventures from a Central European transition economy

This paper contributes to SME internationalization theory by offering regionspecific propositions on early internationalization of Central and Eastern European (CEE) firms. We suggest that special treatment of international new ventures from CEE transition economies is justified due to constraints faced by their founders, particularly not only limited financial resources but also relatively low human and social capital. We propose that some of the regionspecific drivers which contribute to early internationalization involve domestic market entry barriers and arbitrage opportunities related to the higher purchasing power of consumers from developed economies. Additionally, we find that in order to overcome resource limitations, CEE international new ventures apply effectuation and bricolage to exploit controlled resources and flexibly adapt to the market situation.Dieser Artikel trägt zur Theorie der Internationalisierung von KMU mittels regional spezifischer Aussagen über die frühe Internationalisierung mittel- und osteuropäischer Unternehmen bei. Die spezielle Behandlung der 'international new ventures' in diesen Volkswirtschaften erscheint aufgrund von spezifischen Einschränkungen für ihre Gründer, vor allem aber aufgrund von begrenzten finanziellen Mitteln und geringem Human- und Sozialkapital gerechtfertigt. Die regional spezifischen Treiber, die zur frühen Internationalisierung beitragen, schließen inländische Markteintrittsbarrieren und Arbitrage-Möglichkeiten in Bezug auf die höhere Kaufkraft der Verbraucher aus den entwickelten Volkswirtschaften mit ein. Darüber hinaus nutzen die 'international new ventures' der Region Effektuierung und Bricolage, um Einschränkungen im Bereich der Ressourcen zu überwinden, die kontrollierten Ressourcen zu nutzen und sich flexibel an die Marktsituation anzupassen

The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Nascent Entrepreneurship

The literature has been enriched by studies examining the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial or goal intention. Yet, few articles have considered how entrepreneurship education affects nascent entrepreneurship as a more sought-after outcome. Similarly, some scholars assess entrepreneurship education as an aggregate rather than a multidimensional construct comprised of alternative methods with peculiar characteristics yielding distinct student outcomes. Possibly, the present shortage of specificity in the investigation of methods in entrepreneurship education reduces empirical understanding of efficacious teaching and learning modes for optimising entrepreneurial behaviour. Hence, by way of contribution, this inquiry isolates and measures the direct effect of courses, workshops, guest speakers and simulations on new venture creation among UK students. It also measures indirect influence in the same relationships, with self-efficacy as a mediator. A structural equation analysis is performed and the findings show that discretely, in this order, simulations, workshops and courses stimulate nascent entrepreneurship. However, there is particular insignificance in the direct link between guest speakers and nascent entrepreneurship, and further dissociation in the indirect link between workshops and simulations leading to self-efficacy. Theoretical implications arise for future correlation and configurational studies, as well as practical ramifications for entrepreneurship education practitioners, simulation developers and public institutions

Assessing the role of entrepreneurship education in regulating emotions and fostering implementation intention:evidence from Nigerian universities

Notwithstanding the volume of literature assessing the link between entrepreneurship education and individuals’ entrepreneurial behaviour, the mechanism underlying this relationship remains misunderstood. In fact, a combination of inconclusive findings and a narrow focus on western contexts duly compel further research in this area. In the current study, we argue that individuals’ emotions could be the missing link to explain contrasting findings and uncover how education affects entrepreneurial activity. To test our argument, we investigate a sample of 1314 Nigerian students from five universities across the country. We find that entrepreneurship education enhances entrepreneurial intention by regulating students’ emotions. However, not all emotions bridge this link. Our findings hold important implications for practice. Policy makers and entrepreneurship educators can draw on these findings to tailor their initiatives and programmes so that the relevant emotions are regulated and entrepreneurship activity is enhanced

The Determinants of SMEs’ Export Entry:A Systematic Review of the Literature

Despite the plethora of studies on SMEs’ export performance and survival, empirical works on export initiation are relatively limited. Thus far, extant literature has fallen short of determining a comprehensive set of factors affecting firms’ entry to export markets. For these reasons, building on from previous reviews involving export entry, we review 82 papers related to the determinants of SMEs’ export entry published between 2008 and 2019, in order to develop a holistic framework. We provide a comprehensive model that encompasses the key factors associated with this behaviour. We also discuss key issues and propose areas of future research