A Dense Reference Network for Mass-Market Centimeter-Accurate Positioning

The quality of atmospheric corrections provided by a dense reference network for centimeter-accurate carrierphase differential GNSS (CDGNSS) positioning is investigated. A dense reference network (less than 20 km inter-station distance) offers significant benefits for mass-market users, enabling lowcost (including single-frequency) CDGNSS positioning with rapid integer ambiguity resolution. Precise positioning on a massmarket platform would significantly influence the world economy, ushering in a host of consumer-focused applications such as globally-registered augmented and virtual reality and improved all-weather safety and efficiency for intelligent transportation systems, applications which have so far been hampered by the several-meter-level errors in standard GNSS positioning. This contribution examines CDGNSS integer ambiguity resolution performance in terms of network correction uncertainty, and network correction uncertainty, in turn, in terms of network density. It considers the total error in network corrections: a sum of ionospheric, tropospheric, and reference station multipath components. The paper’s primary goal is to identify the network density beyond which mass-market users would see no further significant improvement in ambiguity resolution performance. It finishes by describing development and deployment of a low-cost dense reference network in Austin, Texas.Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanic

Hurricane spawned tornadoes

May 1973.Includes bibliographical references.Partially sponsored by NOAA N22-65-73(G).Partially sponsored by NSF GA-32589X1

Kompetensi Sumberdaya Manusia Aparatur Terhadap Efektivitas Pelayanan Publik Di Kantor Camat Ratatotok Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of human resource competence of theeffectiveness of public service district governments Ratatotok Southeast Minahasa Regency.This study uses quantitative methods. Research was carried by 30 votes apparatus (PNS)Ratatotok the District government. Instruments and data collection techniques used are questionnairesand aided by structured interview (interview quide). The analysis technique used to test the hypothesisis simple statistical regression analysis and simple correlation or correlation product moment.The results of data analysis provides conclusions: (1) Based on a simple regression analysis thatthe competency of HR personnel have functional relations / positive and significant impact on theeffectiveness of public services at the sub-district office Ratatotok Southeast Minahasa Regency. Thismeans that the higher / better human resource competence of the better / higher the level ofeffectiveness of public services. (2) Based on product moment correlation analysis that the competenceof human resource to correlate and power of determination / significant influence on the effectivenessof public services at the sub-district office Ratatotok Southeast Minahasa Regency. This means thatthe competence of human resource is the dominant factor in deciding the effectiveness of publicservices; that the absence of adequate human resource competencies it is difficult to expect theeffectiveness of public services can be realized optimally.Based on the results of this study, it can be recommended some of the following: (1) To improvethe effectiveness of public services in the sub-district office Ratatotok the competence of humanresource / staff should be improved, especially technical competence / functional. For that to theofficers / employees let be given education and training (training), especially technical training /functional right or in accordance with the needs and field assignments / positions these employees. (2)Given the districts is the spearhead of the district government, the public service in the sub-districtoffice personnel stationed let / employees who have sufficient competence. This is necessary becausethe reality shows that employees are generally placed in the sub-district office is a new employee orrecently lifted (inexperienced) and inadequate education

STEER: Beam Selection for Full-Duplex Millimeter Wave Communication Systems

Modern millimeter wave (mmWave) communication systems rely on beam alignment to deliver sufficient beamforming gain to close the link between devices. We present a novel beam selection methodology for multi-panel, full-duplex mmWave systems, which we call STEER, that delivers high beamforming gain while significantly reducing the full-duplex self-interference coupled between the transmit and receive beams. STEER does not necessitate changes to conventional beam alignment methodologies nor additional over-the-air feedback, making it compatible with existing cellular standards. Instead, STEER uses conventional beam alignment to identify the general directions beams should be steered, and then it makes use of a minimal number of self-interference measurements to jointly select transmit and receive beams that deliver high gain in these directions while coupling low self-interference. We implement STEER on an industry-grade 28 GHz phased array platform and use further simulation to show that full-duplex operation with beams selected by STEER can notably outperform both half-duplex and full-duplex operation with beams chosen via conventional beam selection. For instance, STEER can reliably reduce self-interference by more than 20 dB and improve SINR by more than 10 dB, compared to conventional beam selection. Our experimental results highlight that beam alignment can be used not only to deliver high beamforming gain in full-duplex mmWave systems but also to mitigate self-interference to levels near or below the noise floor, rendering additional self-interference cancellation unnecessary with STEER