Inverse problem in transformation optics

The straightforward method of transformation optics implies that one starts from the coordinate transformation, determines the Jacobian matrix, the fields and material parameters of the cloak. However, the coordinate transformation appears as an optional function: it is not necessary to know it. We offer the solution of some sort of the inverse problem: starting from the fields in the invisibility cloak we directly derive the permittivity and permeability tensors of the cloaking shell. The approach can be useful for finding material parameters for the specified electromagnetic fields in the cloaking shell without knowing coordinate transformation.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, J. Opt, vol. 13, 201

Spin and Orbital angular momentum propagation in anisotropic media: theory

This paper is devoted to study the propagation of light beams carrying orbital angular momentum in optically anisotropic media. We first review some properties of homogeneous anisotropic media, and describe how the paraxial formalism is modified in order to proceed with a new approach dealing with a general setting of paraxial propagation along uniaxial inhomogeneous media. This approach is suitable for describing the space-variant-optical-axis phase plates

Matter-Wave Tractor Beams

Optical and acoustic tractor beams are currently the focus of intense research due to their counterintuitive property of exerting a pulling force on small scattering objects. In this Letter we propose a matter-wave tractor beam and utilize the de Broglie waves of nonrelativistic matter particles in analogy to “classical” tractor beams. We reveal the presence of the quantum-mechanical pulling force for the variety of quantum mechanical potentials observing the resonant enhancement of the pulling effect under the conditions of the suppressed scattering known as the Ramsauer-Townsend effect. We also derive the sufficient conditions on the scattering potential for the emergence of the pulling force and show that, in particular, a Coulomb scatterer is always shoved, while a Yukawa (screened Coulomb) scatterer can be drawn. Pulling forces in optics, acoustics, quantum mechanics, and classical mechanics are compared, and the matter-wave pulling force is found to have exclusive properties of dragging slow particles in short-range potentials. We envisage that the use of tractor beams could lead to the unprecedented precision in manipulation with atomic-scale quantum objects

Questions of choosing a strategic breakthrough management model in the era of development of intelligent investment reproduction using artificial intelligence

The issues of choosing a model of public administration in the context of the development of intellectual investment reproduction cycles during the transition to a new intellectual technological order have been studied. Generators for the formation of synchronized investment reproduction cycles based on digital systems with artificial intelligence are considered. The target software bases for managing investment cycles using digital systems with artificial intelligence are formulated. New approaches to managing intellectual investment reproduction cycles are identified based on the formation of the National model of state management of intellectual reproduction in a new technological order in synchronization with the use of artificial intelligence. The issues of creating a complex model of strategic management of intellectual investment reproduction cycles in order to break into the era of intellectual reproduction based on the formation of mechanisms for synchronizing the management of investment reproduction with artificial intelligence development systems are considered. It is substantiated that the development of reproductive investment cycles is especially relevant in the current conditions of increasing external economic sanctions, when it is necessary to invest and develop in synchronous interaction the systemically forming production stages of an inextricable reproduction cycle. In the era of digitalization of the economy and the need for a balanced development of production, systems with artificial intelligence are becoming the most effective management tool. The directions for the implementation of mechanisms for managing investment cycles in import substitution have been updated. It is recommended to develop complete intellectual reproduction cycles that realize economic growth by transforming traditional “import substitution production chains” through the development of new intelligent in-vestment reproduction cycles. The effective application of intellectual investment cycles is inevitable in the strategically foreseeable future when implementing the National Model of Social and Market Development of Russia on the basis of public-private partnerships and intellectual institutions of public administration in a new technological order. The requirements for ensuring reliable economic security of the country in the face of defense challenges and increasing external sanctions that counteract the implementation of a new economic strategy for stable growth by ensuring the digital quality of public administration using artificial intelligence are formulated

Viral Diversity and Diversification of Major Non-Structural Genes vif, vpr, vpu, tat exon 1 and rev exon 1 during Primary HIV-1 Subtype C Infection

To assess the level of intra-patient diversity and evolution of HIV-1C non-structural genes in primary infection, viral quasispecies obtained by single genome amplification (SGA) at multiple sampling timepoints up to 500 days post-seroconversion (p/s) were analyzed. The mean intra-patient diversity was 0.11% (95% CI; 0.02 to 0.20) for vif, 0.23% (95% CI; 0.08 to 0.38) for vpr, 0.35% (95% CI; −0.05 to 0.75) for vpu, 0.18% (95% CI; 0.01 to 0.35) for tat exon 1 and 0.30% (95% CI; 0.02 to 0.58) for rev exon 1 during the time period 0 to 90 days p/s. The intra-patient diversity increased gradually in all non-structural genes over the first year of HIV-1 infection, which was evident from the vif mean intra-patient diversity of 0.46% (95% CI; 0.28 to 0.64), vpr 0.44% (95% CI; 0.24 to 0.64), vpu 0.84% (95% CI; 0.55 to 1.13), tat exon 1 0.35% (95% CI; 0.14 to 0.56 ) and rev exon 1 0.42% (95% CI; 0.18 to 0.66) during the time period of 181 to 500 days p/s. There was a statistically significant increase in viral diversity for vif (p = 0.013) and vpu (p = 0.002). No associations between levels of viral diversity within the non-structural genes and HIV-1 RNA load during primary infection were found. The study details the dynamics of the non-structural viral genes during the early stages of HIV-1C infection