Vacuum Squeezing in Atomic Media via Self-Rotation

When linearly polarized light propagates through a medium in which elliptically polarized light would undergo self-rotation, squeezed vacuum can appear in the orthogonal polarization. A simple relationship between self-rotation and the degree of vacuum squeezing is developed. Taking into account absorption, we find the optimum conditions for squeezing in any medium that can produce self-rotation. We then find analytic expressions for the amount of vacuum squeezing produced by an atomic vapor when light is near-resonant with a transition between various low-angular-momentum states. Finally, we consider a gas of multi-level Rb atoms, and analyze squeezing for light tuned near the D-lines under realistic conditions.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures; Submitted to PR

Inverse Spectral-Scattering Problem with Two Sets of Discrete Spectra for the Radial Schroedinger Equation

The Schroedinger equation on the half line is considered with a real-valued, integrable potential having a finite first moment. It is shown that the potential and the boundary conditions are uniquely determined by the data containing the discrete eigenvalues for a boundary condition at the origin, the continuous part of the spectral measure for that boundary condition, and a subset of the discrete eigenvalues for a different boundary condition. This result extends the celebrated two-spectrum uniqueness theorem of Borg and Marchenko to the case where there is also a continuous spectru

Evanescent light-matter Interactions in Atomic Cladding Wave Guides

Alkali vapors, and in particular rubidium, are being used extensively in several important fields of research such as slow and stored light non-linear optics3 and quantum computation. Additionally, the technology of alkali vapors plays a major role in realizing myriad industrial applications including for example atomic clocks magentometers8 and optical frequency stabilization. Lately, there is a growing effort towards miniaturizing traditional centimeter-size alkali vapor cells. Owing to the significant reduction in device dimensions, light matter interactions are greatly enhanced, enabling new functionalities due to the low power threshold needed for non-linear interactions. Here, taking advantage of the mature Complimentary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) compatible platform of silicon photonics, we construct an efficient and flexible platform for tailored light vapor interactions on a chip. Specifically, we demonstrate light matter interactions in an atomic cladding wave guide (ACWG), consisting of CMOS compatible silicon nitride nano wave-guide core with a Rubidium (Rb) vapor cladding. We observe the highly efficient interaction of the electromagnetic guided mode with the thermal Rb cladding. The nature of such interactions is explained by a model which predicts the transmission spectrum of the system taking into account Doppler and transit time broadening. We show, that due to the high confinement of the optical mode (with a mode area of 0.3{\lambda}2), the Rb absorption saturates at powers in the nW regime.Comment: 10 Pages 4 Figures. 1 Supplementar

Homogeneous singularities inside collapsing wormholes

We analyze analytically and numerically the origin of the singularity in the course of the collapse of a wormhole with the exotic scalar field Psi with negative energy density, and with this field Psi together with the ordered magnetic field H. We do this under the simplifying assumptions of the spherical symmetry and that in the vicinity of the singularity the solution of the Einstein equations depends only on one coordinate (the homogeneous approximation). In the framework of these assumptions we found the principal difference between the case of the collapse of the ordinary scalar field Phi with the positive energy density together with an ordered magnetic field H and the collapse of the exotic scalar field Psi together with the magnetic field H. The later case is important for the possible astrophysical manifestation of the wormholes.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures each of which has a),b),c),and d) sub-figures. To be published in "Physical review. D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology

State Transfer Between a Mechanical Oscillator and Microwave Fields in the Quantum Regime

Recently, macroscopic mechanical oscillators have been coaxed into a regime of quantum behavior, by direct refrigeration [1] or a combination of refrigeration and laser-like cooling [2, 3]. This exciting result has encouraged notions that mechanical oscillators may perform useful functions in the processing of quantum information with superconducting circuits [1, 4-7], either by serving as a quantum memory for the ephemeral state of a microwave field or by providing a quantum interface between otherwise incompatible systems [8, 9]. As yet, the transfer of an itinerant state or propagating mode of a microwave field to and from a mechanical oscillator has not been demonstrated owing to the inability to agilely turn on and off the interaction between microwave electricity and mechanical motion. Here we demonstrate that the state of an itinerant microwave field can be coherently transferred into, stored in, and retrieved from a mechanical oscillator with amplitudes at the single quanta level. Crucially, the time to capture and to retrieve the microwave state is shorter than the quantum state lifetime of the mechanical oscillator. In this quantum regime, the mechanical oscillator can both store and transduce quantum information

Towards high-speed optical quantum memories

Quantum memories, capable of controllably storing and releasing a photon, are a crucial component for quantum computers and quantum communications. So far, quantum memories have operated with bandwidths that limit data rates to MHz. Here we report the coherent storage and retrieval of sub-nanosecond low intensity light pulses with spectral bandwidths exceeding 1 GHz in cesium vapor. The novel memory interaction takes place via a far off-resonant two-photon transition in which the memory bandwidth is dynamically generated by a strong control field. This allows for an increase in data rates by a factor of almost 1000 compared to existing quantum memories. The memory works with a total efficiency of 15% and its coherence is demonstrated by directly interfering the stored and retrieved pulses. Coherence times in hot atomic vapors are on the order of microsecond - the expected storage time limit for this memory.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

THE ROLE OF POSTPARTUM VAGINAL BRUISING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE MASSIVE BLOOD LOSS

Purpose: To estimate the efficiency of the ultrasound diagnosis of postpartum vaginal hematoma in women with varicose veins of the lower extremitiesMaterials and Methods: 120 women with varicose veins of the lower extremities were examined. In 2 hours after birth for women was conducted transperineal ultrasound - research by vaginal and perineal ultrasound scanner PHILLIPS HD- 11.Results: Vaginal hematoma was detected in 31 (25.8%) women , and only 10 (8 %) had a damage of integrity of the mucous membrane. The study found that vaginal hematoma size 10,1±3,6 cm at the beginning of the formation can be asymptomatic , which may cause underestimation of the total blood loss in women with postpartum hemorrhage due to a variety of other competing causes.Summary: The use of analgesia in labor hinders timely diagnosis of postpartum hematomas of vulva and vagina

Modelling effects of phytobiotic administration on coherent responses to Salmonella infection in laying hens

Practice of layer poultry farming and commercial egg production relies on the optimal use and improvement of the welfare and genetically determined functional abilities of laying hens, their efficient intake of feed and its components, adaptation to housing conditions and resistance to infectious diseases including salmonellosis. Previous studies were focussed on relationships of chicken performance and resistance with the expression profiles of individual genes involved in metabolic processes and immune system, or with genetic markers that can be closely associated with these processes in chickens. In this study, mathematical models of coherent changes in laying hens were developed for the expression of eight genes involved in immunity and metabolism, on the one hand, and biochemical and immunological blood parameters, on the other hand, in response to Salmonella infection and administration of a phytobiotic Intebio. The proposed modelling approach can be a further basis for an in-depth research of the relationship between the gene expression, functional state and welfare of poultry, impact of pathogenic microorganisms and use of immunomodulatory drugs

Залежність стану тканин пародонта від поведінкових факторів ризику в дітей шкільного віку м. Полтави, виявлених із застосуванням європейських індикаторів

The aim of the work was the definition of informativeness of European indicators in a comprehensive assessment of the state of periodontal tissues in children of school age and identification possible relationships with behavioral risk factors for periodontal disease. Analytical dental epidemiology was employed, using the EGOHID-2005 system. Oral hygiene and dental caries were assessed in 12- 15-year-old children in Poltava city. The main determinants of periodontal tissue diseases were non-observance of children a recommended regime of brushing teeth and unhealthy habits. Systematic monitoring of major dental diseases allows to determine their tendencies and, using European system of indicators of dental health, allows to identify the risk factors to be eliminated in order to prevent periodontal tissue diseases.Целью работы было определение информативности европейских индикаторов в комплексной оценке состояния тканей пародонта у детей школьного возраста и выявление возможных взаимосвязей с поведенческими факторами риска возникновения заболеваний тканей пародонта. Аналитическая эпидемиология состояния тканей пародонта у детей двух ключевых возрастных групп 12 и 15 лет по 100 человек в г. Полтаве. Использование Международной системы EGOHID – 2005 и методов, рекомендованных ВОЗ–2013. Основными детерминантами заболеваний тканей пародонта было несоблюдение детьми рекомендованного режима чистки зубов и нездоровые привычки. Систематический мониторинг основных стоматологических заболеваний позволяет определить их тенденции и с помощью системы европейских индикаторов стоматологического здоровья выявить факторы риска, подлежащие устранению с целью профилактики заболеваний тканей пародонта.Метою роботи було визначення інформативності європейських індикаторів у комплексній оцінці стану тканин пародонта в дітей шкільного віку та виявлення можливих взаємозв’язків з поведінковими чинниками ризику виникнення захворювань тканин пародонта. Аналітична епідеміологія стану тканин пародонта у дітей двох ключових вікових груп 12 і 15 років по 100 осіб в м. Полтаві. Використання Міжнародної системи EGOHID – 2005 і методів, рекомендованих ВООЗ–2013. Основними детермінантами захворювань тканин пародонта були недотримання дітьми рекомендованого режиму чищення зубів і нездорові звички. Систематичний моніторинг основних стоматологічних захворювань дозволяє визначити їх тенденції і за допомогою системи європейських індикаторів стоматологічного здоров’я виявити фактори ризику, які підлягають усуненню з метою профілактики захворювань тканин пародонта

Resonant nonlinear magneto-optical effects in atoms

In this article, we review the history, current status, physical mechanisms, experimental methods, and applications of nonlinear magneto-optical effects in atomic vapors. We begin by describing the pioneering work of Macaluso and Corbino over a century ago on linear magneto-optical effects (in which the properties of the medium do not depend on the light power) in the vicinity of atomic resonances, and contrast these effects with various nonlinear magneto-optical phenomena that have been studied both theoretically and experimentally since the late 1960s. In recent years, the field of nonlinear magneto-optics has experienced a revival of interest that has led to a number of developments, including the observation of ultra-narrow (1-Hz) magneto-optical resonances, applications in sensitive magnetometry, nonlinear magneto-optical tomography, and the possibility of a search for parity- and time-reversal-invariance violation in atoms.Comment: 51 pages, 23 figures, to appear in Rev. Mod. Phys. in Oct. 2002, Figure added, typos corrected, text edited for clarit