575 research outputs found
Infrared-faint Radio Sources Remain Undetected at Far-infrared Wavelengths
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Extragalactic Radio Continuum Surveys and the Transformation of Radio Astronomy
Next-generation radio surveys are about to transform radio astronomy by
discovering and studying tens of millions of previously unknown radio sources.
These surveys will provide new insights to understand the evolution of
galaxies, measuring the evolution of the cosmic star formation rate, and
rivalling traditional techniques in the measurement of fundamental cosmological
parameters. By observing a new volume of observational parameter space, they
are also likely to discover unexpected new phenomena. This review traces the
evolution of extragalactic radio continuum surveys from the earliest days of
radio astronomy to the present, and identifies the challenges that must be
overcome to achieve this transformational change.Comment: To be published in Nature Astronomy 18 Sept 201
Genetic Dissection of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling during Luteinizing Hormone-Induced Oocyte Maturation
Recent evidence that luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulation of ovulatory follicles causes transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has provided insights into the mechanisms of ovulation. However, the complete array of signals that promote oocyte reentry into the meiotic cell cycle in the follicle are still incompletely understood. To elucidate the signaling downstream of EGFR involved in oocyte maturation, we have investigated the LH responses in granulosa cells with targeted ablation of EGFR. Oocyte maturation and ovulation is disrupted when EGFR expression is progressively reduced. In granulosa cells from mice with either global or granulosa cell-specific disruption of EGFR signaling, LH-induced phosphorylation of MAPK3/1, p38MAPK, and connexin-43 is impaired. Although the LH-induced decrease in cGMP is EGFR-dependent in wild type follicles, LH still induces a decrease in cGMP in Egfrdelta/f Cyp19-Cre follicles. Thus compensatory mechanisms appear activated in the mutant. Spatial propagation of the LH signal in the follicle also is dependent on the EGF network, and likely is important for the control of signaling to the oocyte. Thus, multiple signals and redundant pathways contribute to regulating oocyte reentry into the cell cycle
Evolutionary Map of the Universe: Tracing Clusters to High Redshift
The Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) is a new radio-telescope being built in
Western Australia. One of the key surveys for which it is being built is EMU
(Evolutionary Map of the Universe), which will make a deep (~10 {\mu}Jy/bm rms)
radio continuum survey covering the entire sky as far North as +30\circ. EMU
may be compared to the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS), except that it will have
about 45 times the sensitivity, and five times the resolution. EMU will also
have much better sensitivity to diffuse emission than previous large surveys,
and is expected to produce a large catalogue of relics, tailed galaxies, and
haloes, and will increase the number of known clusters by a significant factor.
Here we describe the EMU project and its impact on the astrophysics of
clusters.Comment: Accepted by J. Astrophys. Ast
Highly sensitive MRD tests for ALL based on the IKZF1 Δ3–6 microdeletion
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Star Clusters
This review concentrates almost entirely on globular star clusters. It
emphasises the increasing realisation that few of the traditional problems of
star cluster astronomy can be studied in isolation: the influence of the Galaxy
affects dynamical evolution deep in the core, and the spectrum of stellar
masses; in turn the evolution of the core determines the highest stellar
densities, and the rate of encounters. In this way external tidal effects
indirectly influence the formation and evolution of blue stragglers, binary
pulsars, X-ray sources, etc. More controversially, the stellar density appears
to influence the relative distribution of normal stars. In the opposite sense,
the evolution of individual stars governs much of the early dynamics of a
globular cluster, and the existence of large numbers of primordial binary stars
has changed important details of our picture of the dynamical evolution. New
computational tools which will become available in the next few years will help
dynamical theorists to address these questions.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, Te
The many facets of the matricelluar protein periostin during cardiac development, remodeling, and pathophysiology
Periostin is a member of a growing family of matricellular proteins, defined by their ability to interact with components of the extracellular milieu, and with receptors at the cell surface. Through these interactions, periostin has been shown to play a crucial role as a profibrogenic molecule during tissue morphogenesis. Tissues destined to become fibrous structures are dependent on cooperative interactions between periostin and its binding partners, whereas in its absence, these structures either totally or partially fail to become mature fibrous entities. Within the heart, fibrogenic differentiation is required for normal tissue maturation, remodeling and function, as well as in response to a pathological myocardial insult. In this review, aspects related to the function of periostin during cardiac morphogenesis, remodeling and pathology are summarized
Genetic, environmental and stochastic factors in monozygotic twin discordance with a focus on epigenetic differences
PMCID: PMC3566971This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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