Organic farming without fossil fuels - life cycle assessment of two Swedish cases

Organic agriculture is dependent on fossil fuels, just like conventional agriculture, but this can be reduced by the use of on-farm biomass resources. The energy efficiency and environmental impacts of different alternatives can be assessed by life cycle assessment (LCA), which we have done in this project. Swedish organic milk production can become self-sufficient in energy by using renewable sources available on the farm, with biogas from manure as the main energy source. Thereby greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the production system can be reduced, both by substituting fossil fuels and by reducing methane emissions from manure. The arable organic farm studied in the project could be self-sufficient in energy by using the residues available in the crop rotation. Because of soil carbon losses, the greenhouse gas emission savings were lower with the use of straw ethanol, heat and power (9%) than by using ley for biogas production (35%). In this research project, the system boundaries were set at energy self-sufficiency at farm or farm-cluster level. Heat and fuel were supplied as needed, and electricity production was equal to use on an annual basis. In practice, however, better resource efficiency can be achieved by making full use of available energy infrastructure, and basing production on resource availability and economic constraints, rather than a narrow self-sufficiency approach

Traditional Cultural Districts: An Opportunity for Alaska Tribes to Protect Subsistence Rights and Traditional Lands

Alaska tribes have limited control over their traditional lands and waters. Tribes may increase their influence through a Traditional Cultural District designation under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. This designation does not stop development, but requires federal agencies to consult with tribes regarding potential development that may impact the district. The consultation right applies regardless of whether a tribe owns or has formally designated the district. In Alaska, where no Traditional Cultural Districts exist as of 2014, there is potential for designating large areas of land or water that correspond to the range of traditionally important species

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-PRIVILEGE AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION-WAIVER UNDER COMPULSORY TESTIMONY ACT

Smith, sole owner and officer of a clothing corporation, appeared before an OPA examiner in response to a subpoena to produce the corporate books. Under the Emergency Price Control Act these records were required to be kept and preserved. Smith said that the records were destroyed, lost, or misplaced.\u27\u27 Then, on claiming privilege against self-incrimination, he testified as to activities of the corporation and contents of the absent records. During the interrogation Smith made a long statement in partial summation of his testimony. When he finished, he was asked, \u27\u27This is a voluntary statement. You do not claim immunity with respect to that statement\u27? He answered, No. Smith was later convicted of conspiracy to violate the EPCA by intentionally misusing priority ratings. On appeal, there was a partial reversal on the ground that under the Compulsory Testimony Act Smith had obtained immunity from prosecution to that portion of his testimony to which he had claimed his privilege, but not to that portion to which there was an express waiver. On certiorari, held, reversed. It was not shown whether the no applied to the examiner\u27s first or second statement, and no effort was made to clarify its meaning. In view of the specific claim of privilege, the equivocal no did not constitute a waiver of his privilege against self-incrimination, and therefore, by his testimony, Smith gained full immunity from prosecution. Smith v. United States, 337 U.S. 137, 69 S.Ct. 1000 (1949)

PROCEDURE-CONTEMPT AS SANCTION TO ENFORCE DELIVERY IN REPLEVIN

In a replevin action in a common pleas court the plaintiff, after filing a $200 bond for property later valued at$900, obtained possession of some household goods of the defendant under a fatally defective writ. On motion of the defendant the court dismissed the action and ordered the property returned. On appeal, plaintiff\u27s action was again dismissed and he was directed to return defendant\u27s goods. He ignored the order and was adjudged guilty of contempt. On appeal in the nature of certiorari from this conviction, held, reversed without prejudice. The order was void since the court had lost jurisdiction through error. However, the plaintiff might be found in contempt if he disobeys a further order. Where there is no other adequate remedy for a defendant who is deprived of his property through a void process, the court has power to enforce by contempt the return of the replevied goods by the plaintiff. Burton v. Wayne Court Judge, 325 Mich. 159, 37 N.W. (2d) 899 (1949)

Investigation of resin systems for improved ablative materials Interim report, 10 Jan. - 1 Jul. 1966

Preparation, and evaluation of polyimide sulfone resins, graphite-silica reinforced polyamide resins, and resin resistance to FLOX- methane, and fluorine-hydrogen fuel

Performance Evaluation of RAKE Receiver for UWB Systems using Measured Channels in Industrial Environments

The industrial environments are an important scenario for ultra wideband (UWB) communication systems. However, due to large number of metallic scatterers in the surroundings, the multipath offered by UWB channels is dense with significant energy. In this paper, the performance of RAKE receivers operating in a non line-of-sight (NLOS) scenario in these environments is evaluated. The channels used for the evaluation are measured in a medium-sized industrial environment. In addition, a standard IEEE 802.15.4a channel model is used for comparison with the results of the measured data. The performance of partial RAKE (PRake) and selective RAKE (SRake) is evaluated in terms of uncoded bit-error-rate (BER) using different number of fingers. The performance of maximal ratio combining (MRC) and equal gain combining (EGC) is compared for the RAKE receiver assuming perfect knowledge of the channel state. Finally, based on the simulation results, conclusions are drawn considering the performance and complexity issues for system design in these environments