Kinetics and Mechanism of Hydrolysis of Benzimidazolylcarbamates

Synthesis of new 2-aminobenzimidazole-1-carbamates was accomplished by carbamoylation of 2-aminobenzimidazole using different substituted phenyl chloroformates. The aqueous hydrolysis of the new compounds was examined in the pH range 1-13 at 25 oC. The evaluated kinetic parameters led to the conclusion that up to pH 4 reaction proceeds by a bimolecular attack of water to the N-protonated substrate. This is the first time this behavior is described for carbamates, and can be ascribed to the higher basicity of the benzimidazolyl moiety when compared with the carbonyl oxygen. For higher values of pH, the results are consistent with a BAc2 mechanism with nucleophilic catalysis, but while between pH 4 and pH 7 water acts as the nucleophile, for pH> 7 the hydroxide ion is the acting species

Quem se atreveria a lutar contra um exército tão forte e um general como Homero?: Platão, tradição e educação

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Ciencias da Educação. Programa de Pós-graduação em EducaçãoSe alguém se perguntar o que é clássico em poesia e em filosofia, a resposta se encaminhará para os autores que fundaram esses campos: Homero e Platão. A presente dissertação deseja sustentar, frente ao leitor, que existe uma trama pedagógica que os envolve em questões estéticas e filosóficas tais como: a narrativa poética é capaz de deleitar (o que é aceito por todos), mas em que medida ela é capaz de instruir os meninos gregos com seus pensamentos? Ou, por uma marca oposta, a filosofia é capaz de instruir, mas em que medida ela também deleita? Acreditamos que esta tensão entre deleitar e ensinar é intrínseca à própria mímesis. Esta parece causar prazer ao mesmo tempo em que gera conhecimentos. Resta saber como os autores acima participam da arte imitativa grega

Differences of gender in oral and written communication apprehension of university students

Oral and written skills are increasingly considered to be essential tools in the job market for the success of any worker, and are thus called soft skills. Nevertheless, most graduates who enter the labor market experience di culties in the apprehension of communication, not only with regard to writing, but also in oral communication. These di culties are also noticeable in the classroom, for instance when students need to participate by expressing their doubts when they have to present research work within the curricular units they attend, or when they have to write their answers in assessment tests. In this paper, we explore the communication skills of students fromdi erent graduate degrees (n = 345) in order to understand how they prepare for oral and written communication. We made use of the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA), validated by McCroskey, Beatty, Kearney, and Plax (1985), in order to understand students’ oral communication apprehension. To understand the levels of written communication apprehension, we applied the Daly–Miller Writing Apprehension Test (DMWA). We thus analyzed the communicational skills and the communication apprehension of students from social and human sciences courses in order to understand how they prepare for oral and writing communication, and whether there were di erences between genders and between di erent graduate courses regarding communication apprehension. The main results of this research confirm that the students experienced di culties with and fear of communication, especially for oral communication. Furthermore, the results indicate that female students showed more significant levels of anxiety with regard to oral and written communication than male students. This exploratory study also makes it possible to distinguish areas of communication apprehension according to the di erent genders, and even with regard to the degree courses students belonged to.This work is supported by national funds, through the FCT—Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology under the project UIDB/04011/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prevalence of hypertension in institutionalized elderly

The high prevalence of high blood pressure and its hard control lead the scientific community to consider this as a public health problem. Objectives: To identify the prevalence of hypertension in elderly institutionalized in a home of senior citizens of the District of Bragança. A descriptive cross-sectional study performed in a senior citizens home in the district of Bragança. The sample consisted of 67 elderly institutionalized during the month of March 2013. The information was obtained through the records of the individual process of the elderly during the period from 20 to 28 April. Blood Pressure (BP) was assessed to all seniors, by one of the researchers, with electronic vital signs monitor device, following the criteria of the General Directorate of Health. Results: There was a predominance of the female gender 74%, from countryside 92.5%, and with education level read and write 47.8%. The hypertension prevalence was 58.2%, the average systolic BP was 132.6 mmHg, ranging between 90 and 175 mmHg and diastolic BP averaged was 71.6 mmHg ranging between 42 and 94 mmHg. The average heart rate was 74 beats/minute varying between 50 and 101 beats/minute. The Group of hypertensive patients registered higher prevalence in females 74.4%, with an average age of 84.4 years, 94.9% from countryside and 48.7% could read and write. Concomitantly had diabetes and dementia 35.9%, congestive heart failure 17.9% and stroke 12.8%. We observed a high prevalence of hypertension which justifies the need for adopting preventive measures. The adoption of healthy lifestyles in this group is an essential component of therapy as well as prevention of hypertension

Evaluation of functional (in)dependency in institutionalized elderly

Evaluation of daily life activities is considered an appropriate and legitimate tool for evaluating the degree of functional (in)dependency in the elderly. To evaluate the degree of functional (in)dependence in the elderly living in an long-term institution in the North of Portugal. Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a long-term residence in the North of Portugal. The sample was constituted by the totality of institutionalized elderly during the month of April 2013, a total of 67. The collection of biographical data was accomplished through the individual process of the elderly. Barthel scale was used to evaluate the degree of (in)dependence through direct observation of daily life activities. Of the total of 67 seniors, 74 were female, mean age was 83.5 years (SD ± 7.6), varying between 52 and 97 years, 92.5% from countryside, 47.8% can read and write. The most pervalentes chronic conditions were hypertension 58.2%, dementia 38.8% and diabetes 31.3%. The Barthel Index revealed 43.3% of the elderly with a degree of total dependence and 11.9% independent. The majority showed independence in feeding 79.1%, in the transfer from the chair to the bed 53.7% and 52.2% in ambulation. The largest proportion of dependence observed in the bath 89.6% in the dressing 47.8% and 50.7% arrange itself. Noted a large proportion of elderly with bladder and bowel incontinence 50.8%. There was a low prevalence of seniors independent in all activities. The largest proportion of dependence occurred in the personal hygiene. It seems to us important that professionals sensitize seniors to the importance of self-care in health promotion and quality of life

Accidentes de trabajo y su impacto en un hospital en el norte de Portugal

In order to describe the accidents at work in a hospital in northern Portugal and analyze its main impact in the period 2008 to 2010, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study. The information was obtained using the registration notification of accidents at work for 387 workers. The higher prevalence of accidents fell in superior health technician (56.1%) in workers of the female gender (81.9%) in the age group 30-39 years (37.2%), with higher education to the 12th years (55.8%), working in shifts (72.4%) and inpatient services (35.9%). The main cause was the needle stick (45.7%) and the lesion was mainly in the hands (37.5%). The wounds (32.6%) were the most frequent type of injury, followed by sprains and strains (23%). Resulted in absence from work 27.4%, with the sprains and strains the main reason. Preventive strategies should be adopted aiming at the promotion of health of health professionals

Identificação de limitação para o exercício e atividades de vida diária em doentes com dpoc

A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica (DPOC) é uma doença caracterizada pela limitação do fluxo aéreo que não é totalmente reversível. A limitação do fluxo aéreo é geralmente progressiva e está associada a uma resposta inflamatória anormal dos pulmões a partículas ou gases nocivos, causada principalmante pelo tabagismo. A DPOC é descrita como uma doença com consequências sistémicas, com perda progressiva da condição física e da força muscular, que associadas à dispneia gera nestes doentes importantes limitações na capacidade funcional. A capacidade funcional é definida como a tolerância ou a capacidade de uma pessoa para realizar determinada atividade, seja esta uma atividade desportiva ou de vida diária. Analisar a capacidade funcional em doentes em doentes com diagnóstico de Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica (DPOC) e identificar limitação para o exercício e actividades de vida diária nestes doentes. Foram avaliados 31 doentes, seguidos na consulta de pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar Nordeste -. Unidade de Bragança, com idades compreendidas entre 52 e 79 anos. Os critérios de inclusão foram: ter diagnóstico de DPOC, ter realizado prova de marcha de seis minutos e ter realizado espirometria. A Informação foi obtida recorrendo aos registos informatizados da prova de marcha e do teste de espirometria, realizados entre 1 Janeiro de 2009 a 1 de Maio de 2010, por uma técnica de cardiopneumologia. A recolha de dados foi realizada durante uma semana no Serviço de Pneumologia do Centro Hospitalar do Nordeste, após as 18 horas, por uma das investigadoras, que introduziu e codificou em base de dados do programa SPSS®. Dos 31 doentes avaliados 22 eram do género masculino e 9 feminino, com uma média de idade de 68,8 anos, 16 eram ex-fumadores e 1 fumador activo, verificando-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa nos hábitos tabágicos e o género (p> 0,00), o Índice Médio de Massa Corporal foi de 27,12 Kg/cm2 +/- 4,3 Kg/cm 2. Percorreram em média uma distância de 344m, variando entre o mínimo de 45m e máximo de 595m. A média do Volume Expiratório Máximo (VEMS) ao 1º segundo nos homens foi de 72,6% e nas mulheres foi de 47,1% apresentando uma média total de 52,23% +/-20,4%. Dos 31 participantes 17 apresentavam um grau de obstrução grave, sendo 13 dos homens. Tiveram necessidade de interromper a prova 7 pessoas. Os valores de Saturação Arterial de Oxigénio variaram entre 81 e 96%. Cerca de 58% não necessitou de Oxigénio no início da prova e no final aproximadamente 75% necessitou. A percepção média que os doentes tem da sua dificuldade respiratória, antes e após a prova de marcha, foi maior nos homens do que nas mulheres 2,64 e 4,55 nos homens e e 1,66 e 3,5 nas mulheres respectivamente. No nosso estudo os doentes com DPOC percorreram uma média de 344 metros o que sugere uma limitação para o exercício físico e para as actividades de vida diária. O género masculino evidenciou maior grau de obstrução e média de percepção de dispneia antes da prova de marcha mais elevada. O exercício e as actividades de vida diária em doentes com DPOC devem ser feito de forma individualizada tendo em conta as suas limitações funcionais

Identificación de la hora de inicio de la sintomatología del infarto agudo de miocardio

Acute myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death in Portugal and worldwide. Several studies have shown a morning predominance of the onset of symptoms in this pathology. Objective: Describe the variation in onset of the infarction symptomatology and to analyze the average delay of admission in the emergency service of patients between 2015 and 2016 to a unit in northern Portugal. Methodology: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Fifty patients were studied, admitted to an emergency department diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction between 2015 and 2016 using clinical records. Results: The majority of participants were male (52%), with an average age of 79.6 years, presenting with hypertension (72%), dyslipidemia (54%), diabetes (46%), and obesity (20%). Onset time of acute myocardial infarction symptoms was generally between 6 a.m. and 12 p.m. (34%) and on average at 10 a.m. Conclusion: There was a predominance of symptom onset in the morning period.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Transporte inter-hospitalar do doente crítico: a realidade de um hospital do nordeste de Portugal

Background: The need to transfer patients between health institutions is an unquestionably current subject. Objective: To characterize the supervision of patients during inter-hospital transport. Methodology: Retrospective cross-sectional study. The study included 184 patients from an emergency department in the northeast region of Portugal who were transferred between hospitals under the supervision of the service’s team between November 2015 and October 2016. Results: Among the transferred patients, 58.7% were men; 33.2% were aged 71-80 years; the most common diagnosis was neurological disease (31.5%); 15.8% of them had a risk score 0-2; 45.7% a risk score 3-6; 18.5% had a risk score ≥7; and 20.1% had a risk score <7 and item scoring 2 points. They were supervised by a nurse (77.2%) or by a physician and a nurse (22.8%). Conclusion: The risk score influences the type of supervision during inter-hospital transport. Most patients with a higher risk score were supervised by a physician and a nurse.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Accidents at work and its impact on a hospital in Northern Portugal

Com o objetivo de descrever os acidentes de trabalho num hospital ao Norte de Portugal e analisar as suas principais repercussões, no período de 2008 a 2010, realizou-se este estudo transversal retrospectivo. A informação foi obtida recorrendo-se ao registro de notificação dos acidentes de trabalho, referentes a 387 trabalhadores. A maior prevalência de acidentes recaiu nos técnicos superiores de saúde (56,1%), em trabalhadores do gênero feminino (81,9%), no grupo etário entre 30 e 39 anos (37,2%), com escolaridade superior ao 12º ano (55,8%), trabalhando por turnos (72,4%) e nos serviços de internamento (35,9%). A principal causa de acidentes foi a picada de agulha (45,7%) e a lesão mais prevalente verificou-se nos membros superiores (43,2%). As feridas representaram o tipo de lesão mais frequente (32,6%), resultando em ausência ao trabalho (27,4%), sendo as entorses/distensões o principal motivo. Estratégias preventivas devem ser adotadas objetivando a promoção da saúde desses profissionais.Para describir los accidentes de trabajo en un hospital del norte de Portugal y analizar su impacto principal en período 2008 a 2010, se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal. La información se obtuvo mediante la notificación de registro de accidentes de trabajo de 387 trabajadores. La mayor prevalencia de accidentes cayó en los técnicos superiores de salud (56,1%), en el sexo femenino (81,9%), con edad 30-39 años (37,2%), con la educación superior a los 12 años (55,8%), trabajando en turnos (72,4%) y servicios de hospitalización (35,9%). La causa principal fue el pinchazo de aguja (45,7%) y la lesión se produjo principalmente en las manos (37,5%). Las heridas (32,6%) fueran el tipo más frecuente de lesión. Dieron lugar a la ausencia del trabajo 27,4%, con esguinces y distensiones la principal razón. Las estrategias preventivas deben ser adoptadas con miras a la promoción de la salud de los profesionales.In order to describe accidents at work at a hospital in Northern Portugal and analyze their main impact in the period from 2008 to 2010, we conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study. The information was obtained from the notification records of accidents at work for 387 workers. The highest prevalence levels of accidents referred to superior health technician (56.1%), female workers (81.9%), in the age group 30-39 years (37.2%), with a secondary education degree (55.8%), working in shifts (72.4%) and in-patient services (35.9%). Needle pricks were the main cause (45.7%) and hands were the main injury location (37.5%). Wounds (32.6%) were the most frequent type of injury, followed by sprains and strains (23%). In total, 27.4% resulted in absence from work, with sprains and strains as the main reason. Preventive strategies should be adopted, aiming to promote these workers' health