Rødsporer (Entoloma), underslekt Cyanula i Norge, med fokus på habitat og utbredelse

This is the third paper with results from the Norwegian Entoloma project 2015-2017. An overview is given of the species of Entoloma subgenus Cyanula in Norway. Cyanula includes, among other elements, many grassland fungi. This paper is part of a larger study concerning the European species of the subgenus Cyanula, including a multigene phylogeny that will be published in due course. Furthermore, a monograph with updated tax- onomic revision is recently issued. This paper focuses mainly on the species recorded from Norway with help of ITS DNA barcoding, with reference to recent collections also from Northern Sweden, with extensive notes of their habitat requirements and distribution. Altogether 53 Cyanula species are presented here, with an updated circumscription and naming. More than half of these are reported new to Norway since the start of the Norwegian Entoloma project. Of these, 18 have been described as new during the last three years, largely based on Norwegian material. Four of these are known exclusively from Scandinavia. barcoding, morphology, taxonomy, calcareous grasslands, calcareous forestsRødsporer (Entoloma), underslekt Cyanula i Norge, med fokus på habitat og utbredelseDette er den tredje artikkelen med resultater fra det norske Entoloma-prosjektet 2015-2017. Her gir vi en oversikt over rødsporer i underslekt Cyanula i Norge. Cyanula utgjør en av de største gruppene av våre beitemarksopper. Dette er del av en større studie over de europeiske artene i underslekt Cyanula, som inkluderer en omfattende fylogenetisk undersøkelseundersøkelse som snart vil bli publisert, samt en nylig publisert bok med en oppdatert taksonomisk revisjon av gruppa. Det foreliggende arbeidet fokuserer på arter registrert i Norge ved hjelp av ITS strekkoding. Også en del nylige, sekvenserte innsamlinger gjort i nordsvenske fjellområder er inkludert her. Artene presenteres seksjonsvis, med vekt på data om habitat-preferanser og utbredelse. Til sammen 53 Cyanula-arter er presentert her, med oppdatert artsavgrensning og navnsetting. Mer enn halvparten av disse artene er rapportert nye for Norge siden starten av det norske Entoloma-prosjektet. Av disse er 18 beskrevet som nye for vitenskapen de siste tre årene, i stor grad basert på norsk materiale. To av disse er kun kjent fra Norge, og ytterligere to kun fra Skandinavia.publishedVersio

Entoloma species of the rhodopolioid clade (subgenus Entoloma; Tricholomatinae, Basidiomycota) in Norway

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Six simple guidelines for introducing new genera of fungi

We formulate five guidelines for introducing new genera, plus one recommendation how to publish the results of scientific research. We recommend that reviewers and editors adhere to these guidelines. We propose that the underlying research is solid, and that the results and the final solutions are properly discussed. The six criteria are: (1) all genera that are recognized should be monophyletic; (2) the coverage of the phylogenetic tree should be wide in number of species, geographic coverage, and type species of the genera under study; (3) the branching of the phylogenetic trees has to have sufficient statistical support; (4) different options for the translation of the phylogenetic tree into a formal classification should be discussed and the final decision justified; (5) the phylogenetic evidence should be based on more than one gene; and (6) all supporting evidence and background information should be included in the publication in which the new taxa are proposed, and this publication should be peer-reviewed

Contributions to the revision of the genus Entoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) in Europe : six new species from subgenus Cyanula and typification of E. incarnatofuscescens

In anticipation of a phylogenetically revised monograph of Entoloma in Europe, six new species of subgenus Cyanula are described here. Entoloma cistocruentatum is associated with Cistus in Spain, E. dislocatum occurs in montane regions in Catalonia (Spain) and Tuscany (Italy), E. indikon is known from Denmark and three species are mainly distributed in the Nordic countries in Europe: E. calceus , E. perchalybeum and E. praecipuum. Entoloma incarnatofuscescens, from the /Rusticoides clade is neotypified. A fully amended description is given based on molecular evidence, which includes the recently described E. violaceoparkensis and E. klofacianum which became later synonyms.publishedVersio

New taxa of Entoloma from grasslands in Drenthe, The Netherlands

Fourteen new species and three new variaties of Entoloma from grassland vegetations in the province of Drenthe, The Netherlands, are described: E. acidophilum, E. argenteostriatum, E. calthionis, E. chlorinosum, E. cryptocystidiatum, E. cuniculorum. E. defibulatum, E. farinogustus, E. occultopigmentatum, E. psilopus, E. tibiicystidiatum, E. undulatosporum, E. velenovskyi var. longicystidiatum, E. ventricosum, E. vinaceum var. fumosipes and var, violeipes and E. xanthocaulon. For nomenclatorial reasons one new name is introduced: E. ortonii. Short comments are given on the taxonomical position of some of these new taxa, more will follow in future publications (see References)

Notulae ad Floram agaricinam neerlandicam — XIV. A noemnclatural note on Rhodocybe truncata

Agaricus truncatus Schaeff. (Fungi Bavariae, pl. 251. 1763) is variously interpreted as a species of Hebeloma and Rhodocybe. Although the type-plate is not so easy to interpret, the adnate, sinuate lamellae, sordid spore print, and red-brown, truncate pileus give way to the idea that Fries (1838) was right in placing Agaricus truncatus in tribus Hebeloma. This opinion was followed by e.g. J. Lange (1938) and Moser (1978, 1984). Quélet (1880) had another opinion on Agaricus truncatus and placed it in the genus Tricholoma. This concept is known by modern mycologists as Rhodocybe truncata (Schaeff.) Singer. Still Tricholoma truncatum (Schaeff.) Quél., Rhodopaxillus truncatus (Schaeff.) Maire, and Rhodocybe truncata (Schaeff.) Singer all have the same type, viz. Schaeffer’s plate, and must be considered as synonyms of Hebeloma truncatus (Schaeff.) Kumm. It is clear that the binomial Rhodocybe truncata cannot be used for Quélet’s fungus. Therefore Bon (1985) was wrong in creating the so-called new combination Rhodocybe truncata (Quél.) Bon. The epithet truncata cannot be ascribed to Quélet, as is pointed out above. Even if Bon had been right, the name Rhodocybe truncata (Quél.) Bon would have been a heterotypical homonym of Rhodocybe truncata (Schaeff.) Singer and could not have been used for that reason