Process of Participatory Human Settlements Development in Asia : Focusing on Case Study of UN-Habitat\u27s Activities

“Participatory development” is often considered to be participation by “people” in development programmes implemented by “outsiders”. However, “development” means “good change” created by “people”, not “outsiders”. This is what is recognized as the “People\u27s Process”, i.e. the development process by people themselves. The underlying principle of the People\u27s Process is to place people at the centre of the development process. The People\u27s Process is fast becoming the “heart” of sustainable human settlements development, which can be effectively facilitated under different situations. For example, in a post-disaster situation, reconstruction by people through mutual help in communities has proved much faster and more sustainable than donor-driven approaches, promoting　“seamless recovery”

Determination of radiation produced by neutrons in heavily exposed workers of the JCO criticality acccident in Tokai-mura for estimating an individual\u27s neutron fluence.

In the Tokai-mura criticality accident, three workers were heavily exposed. Biological materials, such as blood, urine, vomit and hair, were collected from the workers and analyzed for radioactivities, produced by the neutron irradiation. Activation products, such as 24Na, 42K and 82Br, were found in these materials by gamma-ray spectrometry. The radionuclide of the highest activity observed in biological materials was 24Na, e.g. the concentrations of this nuclide in the blood samples from the three patients at the accident time were 169, 92 and 23 Bq/ml, respectively. The concentrations of stable sodium in the same samples were determined by ICP-AES to obtain specific activities of 24Na (concentration ratio between the produced 24Na and stable 23Na), which are essential for estimating the neutron fluences and radiation doses. The specific activities of 24Na obtained for the three patients through the blood analysis were 8.2 x104, 4.3 x104 and 1.2 x104 Bq24Na/g23Na. Based on these values, individual\u27s neutron fluences were estimated to be 5.7 x1011, 3.0 x 1011 and 0.85 x 1011 cm-2, respectively

Estimation of radiation doses for three exposed patients in the Tokai-mura accident based on 24Na in their biological materials.

Concentrations of radionuclides in blood, urine, vomit and hair samples from three heavily exposed patients were determined by gamma-spectrometry. Activation products such as 24Na, 42K and 82Br were identified in these materials. The radionuclide of the highest activity observed in biological material was 24Na, e. g. the concentrations of this nuclide in the blood samples from the three patients at the accident time were 169, 92 and 23 Bq ml^-1^. Concentrations of the stable Na in the same samples were determined by ICP-AES to obtain specific activities (concentration ratio between the produced 24Na and stable 23Na). The specific activities of 24Na obtained for the three patients through the blood analysis were 8.24*10^4^, 4.34*10^4^ and 1.23*10^4^Bq24Na/g23Na, respectively. Based on these values, neutron fluences for the three patients were estimated to be 5.7*10^11^, 3.0*10^11^ and 0.85 *10^11^ cm^-2^, respectively. Absorbed doses for three patients due to neutrons were estimated to be 5.4, 2.9 and 0.81Gy, those due to gamma-rays 8.5-13, 4.5-6.9 and 1.3-2.0Gy, respectively

学位論文審査報告

人々を都市中心部へ引き付ける心理的なカに関する研究 : 行動セッティング論の新たな分析単位から[郭]Space Ranking Method for Analyzing Urban Transportation Networks[李]台風時の強風による構造物被害の拡大要因とその分析法に関する研究[友清]田園地域における道路景観の予測と評価に関する研究[中原]子ども参画再考 : 地域における大人と子どもの関係性に着目して[山下]Planning Concept and Method of New Town Development in China[袁]国土・地域政策における「開発」概念の転換[中島]アジアの都市化・都市成長と参加型居住環境整備に関する研究[野田]Adaptive Reuse in World Heritage Site of Historic City Center（歴史的中心地の世界遺産登録地区における建築再利用に関する研究）[Chua]Community-Based Sustainable Poverty Management in Dhaka City, Bangladesh（バングラデシュ・ダッカ市におけるコミュニティ主体の持続的貧困マネジメントに関する研究）[Mohammad]市街地形成を伴うウォーターフロントの開発計画と整備手法に関する研究[金]韓国首都圏の新都市開発に伴う人口移動と地域別児童教育環境に関する研究[柳]有明海沿岸地域における干拓村落の形成原理[牛島]住宅における固体高分子形燃料電池の導入効果と有効利用に関する研究[黒木]各種粉体の外割混合によるコンクリートの強度向上メカニズムに関する研究[陶山]Improvement of Participation Process by Using Information and Communication Technology in Egyptian Urban Planning（高度情報技術の援用によるエジプトの都市計画における住民参加プロセスの改善）[Hatem

学位論文審査報告

人々を都市中心部へ引き付ける心理的なカに関する研究 : 行動セッティング論の新たな分析単位から[郭]Space Ranking Method for Analyzing Urban Transportation Networks[李]台風時の強風による構造物被害の拡大要因とその分析法に関する研究[友清]田園地域における道路景観の予測と評価に関する研究[中原]子ども参画再考 : 地域における大人と子どもの関係性に着目して[山下]Planning Concept and Method of New Town Development in China[袁]国土・地域政策における「開発」概念の転換[中島]アジアの都市化・都市成長と参加型居住環境整備に関する研究[野田]Adaptive Reuse in World Heritage Site of Historic City Center（歴史的中心地の世界遺産登録地区における建築再利用に関する研究）[Chua]Community-Based Sustainable Poverty Management in Dhaka City, Bangladesh（バングラデシュ・ダッカ市におけるコミュニティ主体の持続的貧困マネジメントに関する研究）[Mohammad]市街地形成を伴うウォーターフロントの開発計画と整備手法に関する研究[金]韓国首都圏の新都市開発に伴う人口移動と地域別児童教育環境に関する研究[柳]有明海沿岸地域における干拓村落の形成原理[牛島]住宅における固体高分子形燃料電池の導入効果と有効利用に関する研究[黒木]各種粉体の外割混合によるコンクリートの強度向上メカニズムに関する研究[陶山]Improvement of Participation Process by Using Information and Communication Technology in Egyptian Urban Planning（高度情報技術の援用によるエジプトの都市計画における住民参加プロセスの改善）[Hatem