Learning control of inverted pendulum system by neural network driven fuzzy reasoning: The learning function of NN-driven fuzzy reasoning under changes of reasoning environment

Whereas conventional fuzzy reasonings are associated with tuning problems, which are lack of membership functions and inference rule designs, a neural network driven fuzzy reasoning (NDF) capable of determining membership functions by neural network is formulated. In the antecedent parts of the neural network driven fuzzy reasoning, the optimum membership function is determined by a neural network, while in the consequent parts, an amount of control for each rule is determined by other plural neural networks. By introducing an algorithm of neural network driven fuzzy reasoning, inference rules for making a pendulum stand up from its lowest suspended point are determined for verifying the usefulness of the algorithm

A proposal of fuzzy connective with learning function and its application to fuzzy retrieval system

A new fuzzy connective and a structure of network constructed by fuzzy connectives are proposed to overcome a drawback of conventional fuzzy retrieval systems. This network represents a retrieval query and the fuzzy connectives in networks have a learning function to adjust its parameters by data from a database and outputs of a user. The fuzzy retrieval systems employing this network are also constructed. Users can retrieve results even with a query whose attributes do not exist in a database schema and can get satisfactory results for variety of thinkings by learning function

A case of synchronous bilateral breast cancer with different pathological responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with different biological character

We report a case of synchronous locally advanced bilateral breast cancer with different pathological responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with different biological character. The patient had presented bilateral breast cancer: the left breast cancer was hormone receptor negative, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) positive, and classified as T4bN1M0, stage IIIb, while the right was hormone receptor positive, HER2-negative, and classified as T4bN0M0, stage IIIb. We administered four cycles of anthracycline-based therapy followed by 12 weekly cycles of taxane with trastuzumab for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We had achieved a significant left tumor reduction after each chemotherapy, but not right tumor. Bilateral modified radical mastectomies with axillary lymph-node dissection were performed. The therapeutic effect in the left was determined as a pathological complete response, in contrast to the right side. She has no recurrence for more than five years, though she had advanced cancer with oncologic emergency. This case could be an informative experience to understand the relation of tumor biology and response to systemic therapy

Salt Tolerance of Parsley, Welsh Onion, Radish, and Cabbage

パセリー,ネギ,ハツカダイコンおよびキャベツをそれぞれの基本培養液にNa2SO4またはNaClをそれぞれ0,20,40,60meq/lとなるように添加し,収穫期まで流動砂耕栽培し,次のような結果を得た. 1)耐塩性はこの濃度範囲ではハツカダイコンが強,キャベツが強(Cl区)～中(S区),ネギが中,パセリーが中(Cl区)～弱(S区)であった. 2)塩類濃度の増大に伴い,K,Ca,Mg含有率は漸減し,この傾向はNa2SO4添加区で顕著であった. これら3成分はNa吸収が増大した結果,拮抗的に吸収阻害を受けたものと考えられるが,ハツカダイコンではNaとの拮抗のみでは説明できず,共存するSO2-4,Cl-の影響が大きいものと考えた

Salt Tolerance of Field Horsetail, Scouring Rush and Common Reed

スギナ,トクサおよびアシをそれぞれの基本培養液に硫酸ナトリウム(S区)あるいは塩化ナトリウム(Cl区)をそれぞれ20,40,60meq/l(スギナ,トクサ)および40,80,120meq/l(アシ)となるよう添加し,収穫期まで流動砂耕栽培し,次のような結果を得た. 1)耐塩性はこの濃度範囲ではアシが極めて強,トクサが弱,スギナは極めて弱(S区>Cl区)であった. 2)アシについては塩類濃度の増大に伴い,Na,S,Cl含有率は増大したが,その程度は小さく,それらの吸収は極めて強く抑制されていた. 3)K含有率は塩類濃度の増加に伴ってほとんど減少しなかったが,CaおよびMg含有率の減少の程度はやや大きく,S区で顕著であった. 4)アシの耐塩性は過剰に存在する塩類吸収を回避する能力に基いていると考えられた