An Annotated List of Phytophagous Insects Collected on Immature Black Walnut Trees in Southern Illinois

An annotated list of phytophagous insects on immature black walnut in southern Illinois was compiled between 26 April, 1974, and 9 October, 1975. Approximately 300 species, in 10 orders, were collected by hand-picking and sweeping. Notes taken on the various species included types of feeding damage, instars present, predators and parasites, and distribution in southern Illinois. Lepidoptera (about 80 species collected) were responsible for the majority of damage observed

Data processing method for a weak, moving telemetry signal

Method of processing data from a spacecraft, where the carrier has a low signal-to-noise ratio and wide unpredictable frequency shifts, consists of analogue recording of the noisy signal along with a high-frequency tone that is used as a clock to trigger a digitizer

Environmental Studies at Newton Lake, Illinois: Tasks 4, 5, and 7

ID: 8658; issued March 1, 1991INHS Technical Report prepared for Marathon Oil Compan

Methods of editing cloud and atmospheric layer affected pixels from satellite data

Subvisible cirrus clouds (SCi) were easily distinguished in mid-infrared (MIR) TIROS-N daytime data from south Texas and northeast Mexico. The MIR (3.55-3.93 micrometer) pixel digital count means of the SCi affected areas were more than 3.5 standard deviations on the cold side of the scene means. (These standard deviations were made free of the effects of unusual instrument error by factoring out the Ch 3 MIR noise on the basis of detailed examination of noisy and noise-free pixels). SCi affected areas in the IR Ch 4 (10.5-11.5 micrometer) appeared cooler than the general scene, but were not as prominent as in Ch 3, being less than 2 standard deviations from the scene mean. Ch 3 and 4 standard deviations and coefficients of variation are not reliable indicators, by themselves, of the presence of SCi because land features can have similar statistical properties

Dihydrofolate reductase of Streptococcus faecium II. Purification and some properties of two dihydrofolate reductases from the Amethopterin-resistant mutant, Streptococcus Faecium Var. Durans Strain A

From a single amethopterin-resistant organism, Streptococcus faecium var. durans strain A, two different dihydrofolate reductases have been obtained as essentially homogeneous proteins in good yield. One of the reductases has a similar substrate specificity and turnover number (about 8000 moles per min per mole of enzyme) to the single reductase found in the amethopterin-sensitive strain of S. faecium var. durans, ATCC 8043, and has therefore been designated "wild type." The other enzyme, which is distinguished by its ability to catalyze the reduction of folate, in addition to dihydrofolate, and by its lower turnover number (about 900 with dihydrofolate), has been designated "mutant type." Since the wild type and mutant type reductases have sedimentation constants (s20,buffer) of 2.58 S and 2.04 S, respectively, they are probably significantly different in molecular weight. Each exhibits a single pH optimum at pH 5.8 and is inactivated by urea. Neither is affected by methylmercuric salts but the wild type reductase is inactivated by phenyl-mercuric acetate and p-mercuribenzoate. Monovalent cations increase the activity of the mutant type reductase but decrease that of the wild type reductase. It is suggested that the amethopterin resistance in vivo of strain A depends at least partly on the folate reductase activity of the mutant type reductase

Biological vulnerability to depression: Linked structural and functional brain network findings

Background: Patients in recovery following episodes of major depressive disorder (MDD) remain highly vulnerable to future recurrence. Although psychological determinants of this risk are well established, little is known about associated biological mechanisms. Recent work has implicated the default mode network (DMN) in this vulnerability but specific hypotheses remain untested within the high risk, recovered state of MDD. Aims: To test the hypothesis that there is excessive DMN functional connectivity during task performance within recovered-state MDD and to test for connected DMN cortical gyrification abnormalities. Method: A multimodal structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, including task-based functional connectivity and cortical folding analysis, comparing 20 recoveredstate patients with MDD with 20 matched healthy controls. Results: The MDD group showed significant task-based DMN hyperconnectivity, associated with hypogyrification of key DMN regions (bilateral precuneus). Conclusions: This is the first evidence of connected structural and functional DMN abnormalities in recovered-state MDD, supporting recent hypotheses on biological-level vulnerability

Methods of editing cloud and atmospheric layer affected pixels from satellite data

The location and migration of cloud, land and water features were examined in spectral space (reflective VIS vs. emissive IR). Daytime HCMM data showed two distinct types of cloud affected pixels in the south Texas test area. High altitude cirrus and/or cirrostratus and "subvisible cirrus" (SCi) reflected the same or only slightly more than land features. In the emissive band, the digital counts ranged from 1 to over 75 and overlapped land features. Pixels consisting of cumulus clouds, or of mixed cumulus and landscape, clustered in a different area of spectral space than the high altitude cloud pixels. Cumulus affected pixels were more reflective than land and water pixels. In August the high altitude clouds and SCi were more emissive than similar clouds were in July. Four-channel TIROS-N data were examined with the objective of developing a multispectral screening technique for removing SCi contaminated data

Plant cover, soil temperature, freeze, water stress, and evapotranspiration conditions

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Plant cover, soil temperature, freeze, water stress, and evapotranspiration conditions

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

AgRISTARS: Early warning and crop condition assessment. Plant cover, soil temperature, freeze, water stress, and evapotranspiration conditions

Emissive (10.5 to 12.5 microns) and reflective (0.55 to 1.1 microns) data for ten day scenes and infrared data for six night scenes of southern Texas were analyzed for plant cover, soil temperature, freeze, water stress, and evapotranspiration. Heat capacity mapping mission radiometric temperatures were: within 2 C of dewpoint temperatures, significantly correlated with variables important in evapotranspiration, and related to freeze severity and planting depth soil temperatures