Know Thyself, Own Thyself: An Analysis of Eliza Wharton’s Gradual Downfall in Hannah Webster Foster’s The Coquette

Eliza Wharton\u27s downfall in Hannah Webster Foster\u27s The Coquette is most commonly reduced to her position as a young woman without agency in the 18th century. Eliza\u27s death is comfortable in the public eye, as it is seemingly a result of her behaviors as a coquette. This paper challenges that idea and presents evidence that Eliza\u27s lack of a support system, lack of worldly knowledge, flighty nature, and title as a coquette not only infantilize her but lead to her demise

Can the child penalty be reduced? - Evaluating multiple policy interventions

This paper was previously circulated as “What Causes the Child Penalty and How Can it be Reduced? Evidence from Same-Sex Couples and Policy Reforms”. The first part of the previously circulated draft is now “What Causes the Child Penalty? Evidence from Same Sex and Adopting couples”.Children cause large earnings drops for mothers but not fathers, a stylized fact known as the “child penalty” that explains a substantial portion of remaining gender income gaps. Can policy reduce the child penalty? We first document how changes in the child penalty over a long time horizon in Norway correlate with major family policy reforms. Next, we evaluate two possible interventions: paternity leave and high-quality childcare. We find no impact of paternity leave on child penalties or a measure of father’s preferences for childcare. In contrast, a year of publicly provided childcare reduces child penalties by 23% during the years of use. These results suggest governments can act to reduce child penalties, but providing alternatives to the mother’s time, such as quality childcare, is more effective than paternity leave

Human Capital Development and Parental Investment in India

In this paper we estimate production functions for cognition and health throughout four stages of childhood from 5-15 years of age using two cohorts of children drawn from the Young Lives Survey for India. The inputs into the production function include parental background, prior child cognition and health and child investments. We allow investments to be endogenous and they depend on local prices and household income, as well as on the exogenous determinants of cognition and health. We find that investments are very im- portant determinants of child cognition and of health at an earlier age. We also find that inputs are complementary and crucially that health is very important in determining cognition. Our paper contributes in understanding how early health outcomes are important in child development

Human Capital Development and Parental Investment in India

In this paper we estimate production functions for cognition and health throughout four stages of childhood from 5-15 years of age using two cohorts of children drawn from the Young Lives Survey for India. The inputs into the production function include parental background, prior child cognition and health and child investments. We allow investments to be endogenous and they depend on local prices and household income, as well as on the exogenous determinants of cognition and health. We find that investments are very important determinants of child cognition and of health at an earlier age. We also find that inputs are complementary and crucially that health is very important in determining cognition. Our paper contributes in understanding how early health outcomes are important in child development

«Healthy» Housing for Children Living in Slums: A new assessment tool to score the impact of house environment on children’s health

High child mortality rate is associated with extreme poverty and insufficient services, like in slums. To guarantee social equality since childhood, governments should plan improvements in living conditions, starting from interventions on existing housing. Assessing the healthiness of a house for children’s health can help in prioritizing interventions. This study proposes a multi-factor assessment tool of house environment that ranks dwellings based on the risk that children (0-5 y/o) living in slums have on contracting five diseases with the highest mortality rate. The ranking scale associates dwelling and environmental factors with selected diseases through ORs. Final scores are standardized through coefficients, customizing results for the specific considered location. The assessment tool was tested on a database from slum’s dwellings located in Delhi (India). Results showed usability and clear interpretation of final scores. With further literature, a more accurate and improvement to the tool could be possible

He Had Two Women to Die For, Ireland and the missus”: Mothers as Abject and Sons as Scapegoats in Edna O’Brien’s House of Splendid Isolation and In the Forest

This thesis examines the protagonists in Edna O’Brien’s In the Forest and House of Splendid Isolation and applies Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection and Rene Girard’s theory of the scapegoat. In doing so, I attempt to give a richer understanding of O’Brien’s masculine and feminine characters and how their constructed identities are based on their cultural circumstances and positions in their societies. I use Kristeva’s theory of abjection to analyze the single women in these novels, Eily and Josie, who become metaphorical single mothers by the invasions of young men into their homes. Then, I apply Girard’s theory of the scapegoat to the young men, O’Kane and McGreevy, who eventually fulfill roles as sons. These theories give way to the fact that O’Brien’s characters are extremely complex and multifaceted. Furthermore, the theory of abjection and of the scapegoat can give fuller understanding to the real-world problems in In the Forest and House of Splendid Isolation and provide a solution

Human Capital Development and Parental Investment in India

We estimate production functions for cognition and health for children aged 1-12 in India, where over 70 million children aged 0-5 are at risk of developmental deficits. The inputs into the production functions include parental background, prior child cognition and health, and child investments. We use income and local prices to control for the endogeneity of investments. We find that cognition is sensitive to investments throughout the age range we consider, while health is mainly affected by early investments. We also find that inputs are complementary, and crucially that health is very important in determining cognition. Our paper contributes in understanding how investments and early health outcomes are important in child development

Human Capital Development and Parental Investment in India

In this paper we estimate production functions for cognition and health throughout four stages of childhood from 5-15 years of age using two cohorts of children drawn from the Young Lives Survey for India. The inputs into the production function include parental background, prior child cognition and health and child investments. We allow investments to be endogenous and they depend on local prices and household income, as well as on the exogenous determinants of cognition and health. We find that investments are very important determinants of child cognition and of health at an earlier age. We also find that inputs are complementary and crucially that health is very important in determining cognition. Our paper contributes in understanding how early health outcomes are important in child development

Human Capital Development and Parental Investment in India

We estimate production functions for cognition and health for children aged 1-12 in India, based on the Young Lives Survey. India has over 70 million children aged 0-5 who are at risk of developmental deficits. The inputs into the production functions include parental background, prior child cognition and health, and child investments, which are taken as endogenous. Estimation is based on a nonlinear factor model, based on multiple measurements for both inputs and child outcomes. Our results show an important effect of early health on child cognitive development, which then becomes persistent. Parental investments affect cognitive development at all ages, but more so for younger children. Investments also have an impact on health at early ages only

Are Domestic Incidents Really More Dangerous to Police? Findings from the 2016 National Incident Based Reporting System

It is widely believed among police officers that domestic incidents are among the most dangerous incidents to which they respond. However, most research in this area suffers from the “denominator problem,” where prior studies have focused on incidents resulting in harm to police officers and failed to account for incidents not resulting in harm. Such methodologies can produce drastically misleading results. This paper uses data from the 2016 National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) to overcome the denominator problem. We examine the probability of (1) an officer being assaulted and (2) an officer being injured or killed when responding to a domestic incident compared to a non-domestic incident while controlling for other potentially important variables. Results indicate that officers are significantly more likely to be assaulted or injured when responding to non-domestic incidents. Implications for law enforcement training, victim legitimacy, and future research are discussed