Dark Matter and Collider Searches in S3S_3-Symmetric 2HDM with Vector Like Leptons

We study the $S_3$-symmetric two Higgs doublet model by adding two generations of vector like leptons (VLL) which are odd under a discrete $Z_2$ symmetry. The lightest neutral component of the VLL acts as a dark matter (DM) whereas the full VLL set belongs to a dark sector with no mixings allowed with the standard model fermions. We analyse the model in light of dark matter and collider searches. We show that the DM is compatible with the current relic density data as well as satisfying all direct and indirect dark matter search constraints. We choose some representative points in the model parameter space allowed by all aforementioned dark matter constraints and present a detailed collider analysis of multi-lepton signal viz. the mono-lepton, di-lepton, tri-lepton and four-lepton along with missing transverse energy in the final state using both the cut-based analysis and multivariate analysis respectively at the high luminosity 14 TeV LHC run.Comment: 51 Pages, 10 Captioned figures and 20 Tables, minor changes made in the manuscript, version accepted for publication in The European Physical Journal C journa

TWO DIMENSIONAL VS THREE DIMENSIONAL VSP (VIRTUAL SURGICAL PLANNING) IN ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY - A REVIEW

Orthodontic treatment provides a solution for the improvement of teeth alignment, facial aesthetics, functional and periodontal problems. Deformities that cannot be corrected with orthodontic treatment alone are called dentofacial deformities. This is where growth modification or orthognathic surgery comes into play. It is carried out in adults having severe dentofacial deformities. In order to have a successful outcome in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery, a meticulous treatment planning is required. 2 dimensional analysis has been conventionally used for orthognathic surgery treatment planning and outcome prediction. 2D planning consists of clinical examination, impressions, occlusal records, cephalometric analysis, face bow transfer, model surgery on plaster cast and fabrication of occlusal splints.  But the attempt to recreate 3 dimensional structures through 2D tools is not extremely accurate, and has quite a few limitations, such as an ill fitting surgical splint. Hence over the years, 3 dimensional planning has been developed, in an attempt to make treatment prediction and outcomes for orthognathic surgery much more precise. Computer aided virtual surgical planning (VSP) offers an extremely accurate diagnosis, enhanced analysis of maxillofacial structures, and improved prectibability of post operative changes of hard and soft tissue

Siliciclastic–carbonate mixing modes in the river-mouth bar palaeogeography of the Upper Cretaceous Garudamangalam Sandstone (Ariyalur, India)

AbstractMixed siliciclastic–carbonate rocks constitute the Upper Cretaceous Garuda-mangalam Sandstone Formation, Ariyalur (India), and offer an opportunity to look into the broad spectrum of mixing of compositionally and genetically different components. The palaeogeographic reconstruction indicates that deposition in the nearshore zone differed strongly in energy and active processes operatives due to the presence of a shore-parallel river-mouth bar. The western wing of the Mississippi bird-foot delta is considered to be a present-day analogon. Facies analysis in combination with petrography clearly shows the variability in palaeoenvironmental characteristics, both biogenic and non-biogenic. It also indicates diagenetic uptake of carbonate that filled empty spaces and actively replaced original components. Chemical staining followed by limited application of cathodoluminescence and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) hint at intricacies in mixing arising from the compositional variations in the carbonate components. A model of siliciclastic–carbonate sediment mixing, including both the depositional and diagenetic developments, is presented; it is aimed at generating a better overview of, and a deeper insight into, the physical and chemical mechanisms involved

Unveiling the reactions of triethylphosphite and its diethylamino substituted derivatives to carbon tetrachloride with a molecular electron density theory perspective

127-135A molecular electron density theory study is presented herein for the reactions of triethylphosphite (TEP) and its diethylamino substituted derivatives (DEAP and MEAP) to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Analysis of the Electron localization function (ELF) has allowed characterizing the electronic structure of the reagents and the conceptual density functional theory (CDFT) study predicted the polar character of the reactions with the electronic flux from TEP, DEAP and MEAP to CCl4. Analysis of the relative energies along the potential energy surfaces has indicated energetically favoured attack on the chlorine atom of CCl4 relative to that on the carbon atom and the reactions became energetically more facile due to introduction of the electron donating diethylamino substituent. This allowed formulating the heterolytic mechanism of the reactions in which the quick exchange of CCl3- with the chlorine atom takes place for TEP, while the exchange is sloweddown in DEAP and MEAP due to mesomeric stabilization of the phosphonium ion. The ELF and Atoms in molecules (AIM) studies indicated early transition states (TSs) with no new covalent bond formation, and the non-covalent interactions at the interatomic bonding regions of the TSs are analysed from the Independent Gradient Model (IGM) analysis based on the Hirshfield partition of electron density

Addressing nutritional gaps and suggesting a practical framework to reduce the risk of malnutrition and improve nutrition security in santhal tribal communities in India

Background The double burden of malnutrition is a growing problem, which is disproportionately represented across the Indian population, with undernutrition dominating rural areas. This study aimed to identify nutritional gaps in traditional recipes of Santhal tribes, create a recipe book to address deficiencies and support diet diversity. Methods Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) were conducted to analyse dietary patterns of Santhal communities. Recipes were collected from five villages and shortlisted into 37 dishes based on availability, acceptability and popularity. Commonly consumed templates were based on FFQ findings and individual dishes. Nutritics software was used to identify nutritional gaps. In total, 24 recommended templates, were created to satisfy adequate intake of nutrients. Mann-Whitney and unpaired t-test were performed and findings were presented as mean (standard deviation(SD)) and median (25th–75th percentile). Results Less than one-fifth of consumed templates met energy requirements, 27% met protein recommendations, and 4% met requirements for fibre, total fat, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat. Other nutrients of concern included vitamins B12, B9, iodine, calcium and iron. Recommended templates significantly increased energy (Consumed (C): 996.0kcal(930-1090); Recommended (R): 1183.0kcal(1094-1341); p<0.0001), protein (C: 25.0g(8.4); R: 40.5g(33.2-52.3); p<0.0001), total fat (C: 7.4g(6.1-8.8); R: 17.2g(14.1-22.9); p<0.0001) and fibre (C: 5.0g(4.0-6.5); R: 8.2g(5.8-11.7); p=0.0013) compared to consumed templates. Additionally, calcium (C: 108.5mg(36.0-302.5); R: 245.5mg(152.3-528.3); p=0.0121), iron (C: 5.3mg(2.1-8.2); R: 10.7mg(8.2-13.2); p=0.0002), vitamin B6 (C: 0.4mg(0.3-0.7); R: 1.1mg(0.6-1.6); p=0.0001), B9 (C: 54.5ug(36.3-172.8); R: 252ug(179.4); p=0.0026) and B12 (C: 0ug(0-0); R: 1.0ug(0-2.1); p=0.0001) were also significantly increased. Conclusion This study provides a novel insight on the nutritional adequacy of indigenous Santhal recipes and highlights the need to enhance the nutrition status of these communities. Concerted efforts should be made to increase communication for nutritional advocacy, both nationally and internationally. Future research should evaluate the acceptability, practicality, and uptake of this recipe book in addressing malnutrition in rural communities

Modelling of Stand –Alone Wind Energy Conversion System using Fuzzy Logic Controller

Abstract: The concern for environment due to the ever increasing use of fossil fuels and rapid depletion of the conventional sources of energy has led to the development of alternative sources of energy. Wind energy, the kinetic energy associated with movement of large masses of air, is an inexhaustible source of energy which generates electricity without harming our environment. But it is unreliable energy source as wind conditions are uncertain and unpredictable. This paper focuses on developing a fuzzy logic controller based Stand-Alone Wind Energy Conversion System, where this controller manages power production and power storage according to wind conditions &amp; load demand. This proposed system will help us to get a smooth AC output voltage to supply to fixed Load under any wind speed. The effectiveness of the proposed system for its application in autonomous wind energy system is verified with simulation results, which is carried out using MATLAB

Prevalence of Under Nutrition and Its Risk Factors among Children below Two Years of Age in a Tertiary Health Centre in West Bengal

Background: Malnutrition in under five children is prevalent widely. It affects growth as well as development; also causes higher morbidity and mortality among children significantly. This public health problem is multi-factorial. Aim and Objectives: This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of under nutrition and its risk factors among children up to 2 years of age attending a tertiary health care institution of Kolkata. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 0 – 23 months, attending the Immunization clinic of CMSDH, Kolkata, during December, 2019 –January, 2020. Data were collected by interviewing the accompanying caregivers, anthropometric measurements of the study subjects and review of records. Results: Among 135 children studied, the prevalence of stunting was 14.1% (5.8% severely stunted), underweight was 9.7% (3.8% severely underweight), wasting was 18.5% (8.1% were SAM).Younger age group (0-6 months),boys and children having inappropriate feeding for age were at increased risk of under nutrition. Children having working mothers, birth spacing of 1hour) were at higher risk of stunting and underweight. Incorrect age of introduction of complementary feeding had higher risk of wasting. Conclusion: Several risk factors for malnutrition were found which are amenable to prevention

Microenvironmental constraint on δ13C depletion : Garudamangalam Sandstone, Cauvery Basin, India

Within the hydrocarbon-producing Cretaceous marine Uttatur Group, Cauvery Basin, India, the Garudamangalam Sandstone Formation is at top of a TST-HST transit. The δ13C value is expectedly depleted within the calcareous Garudamangalam Sandstone, which is the top most unit of the Uttatur Group, overlying the Karai Shale. The calcareous sandstone was deposited in a coastal setting around a shore-parallel river mouth bar. Instances of excessive depletion of δ13C up to −44.5‰ in the carbonate cement is suggestive of methane generation and its subsequent sequestration. The common occurrence of early diagenetic pyrite in these rocks testifies to the proliferation of sulfate-reducing bacteria and is suggestive of methane generation beneath the sulfate reduction zone. Upward-moving diffusive methane was possibly consumed by methanotrophs at the base of the sulfate-reduction zone. Abundant fabric-selective carbonate cement corroborates microbially-controlled anaerobic oxidation of methane. The presumed high rate of nutrient supply, abundance of vegetative material and moderately high organic carbon content in sediments (av. 1.6%), support this contention. All the samples which have the greatest δ13C depletion are characterized by enriched organic carbon and are derived from a tidal inlet-mouth facies, and selectively from mud drapes on cross-bedding in tidal strata. Calcarenite at the base of the same cross-strata are invariably much less depleted in δC13. This range of relationships indicates the transport of methanotrophs that settled on foreset beds mostly as tides slackened under the broader control of neap-spring cycles.SS acknowledges the Centre of Advance Study (CAS Phase V) and University with Potential for Excellence (UPE II) programmes of Jadavpur University. Geochemical work was carried out at the National Stable Isotope Facility of IIT, Kharagpur and IISER, Kolkata.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/marpetgeo2019-03-01hj2018Geolog

Unveiling the reactions of triethylphosphite and its diethylamino substituted derivatives to carbon tetrachloride with a molecular electron density theory perspective

A molecular electron density theory study is presented herein for the reactions of triethylphosphite (TEP) and its diethylamino substituted derivatives (DEAP and MEAP) to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Analysis of the Electron localization function (ELF) has allowed characterizing the electronic structure of the reagents and the conceptual density functional theory (CDFT) study predicted the polar character of the reactions with the electronic flux from TEP, DEAP and MEAP to CCl4. Analysis of the relative energies along the potential energy surfaces has indicated energetically favoured attack on the chlorine atom of CCl4 relative to that on the carbon atom and the reactions became energetically more facile due to introduction of the electron donating diethylamino substituent. This allowed formulating the heterolytic mechanism of the reactions in which the quick exchange of CCl3- with the chlorine atom takes place for TEP, while the exchange is slowed down in DEAP and MEAP due to mesomeric stabilization of the phosphonium ion. The ELF and Atoms in molecules (AIM) studies indicated early transition states (TSs) with no new covalent bond formation, and the non-covalent interactions at the interatomic bonding regions of the TSs are analysed from the Independent Gradient Model (IGM) analysis based on the Hirshfield partition of electron density