Hexaazatriphenylene-Based Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework with Permanent Porosity and Single-Crystallinity

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have drawn unprecedented interest because of their high crystallinity as well as facile process for construction, deconstruction, and reassembly arising from reversible bond formation-dissociation. However, structural fragility and low stability frequently prevent formation of robust HOFs with permanent porosity. Here, we report that hexakis(4-carboxyphenyl)-hexaazatriphenylene (CPHAT) forms three dimensionally networked H-bonded framework CPHAT-1. Interestingly, the activated framework CPHAT-1 a retains not only permanent porosity but single-crystallinity, enabling precise structural characterization and property evaluation on a single crystal. Moreover, CPHAT-1 a retains its framework up to 339 °C or in hot water and in acidic aqueous solution. These results clearly show that even a simple H-bonding motif can be applied for the construction of robust HOFs, which creates a pathway to establish a new class of porous organic frameworks. We also characterize its uptake of gases and I2, in addition to a detailed photophysical study (spectroscopy and dynamics of proton and charge transfers) of its unit in solution, and of its single crystal under fluorescence microscopy, in which we observed a marked strong anistropy and narrow distribution. The results bring new findings to the area of HOFs and their possible applications in science and technology.This is the accepted version of the following article: Hisaki I., Ikenaka N., Gomez E., et al. Hexaazatriphenylene-Based Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework with Permanent Porosity and Single-Crystallinity. Chemistry - A European Journal 23, 11611 (2017), which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201701893. This article may be used for non-commercialpurposes in accordance with the Wiley Self-ArchivingPolicy [https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/licensing/self-archiving.html

Critical thinking skills and Japanese as a second language reading textbooks

vi, 63 leaves ; 29 cm. --This study examines aspects of teaching reading in Japanese as a Second Language (JSL) in Japan. The objective of the study is to draw implications for helping JSL students to acquire critical reading skills that are essential for university studies. Examined are selected characteristics of eight JSL reading textbooks commonly used in preliminary courses for Japanese universities. Two major fmdings emerge. First, the texts reveal a preference for exercises and questions that overwhelmingly address superficial aspects of both the content of the text and its linguistic elements. Second, elements of critical analysis are virtually absent in the texts. The study concludes that, to make progress in teaching critical reading skills in JSL classrooms, teachers will need to reflect deliberately on their reading style, making an effort to view texts critically. Beyond that, textbook authors will need to revise substantially their suggested exercises by downplaying rote comprehension and accenting analysis and interpretation.Page numbers partially cut off Page 10, 21, 33, 46; shaded areas in graphs - can't read some numbers

Critical thinking skills and Japanese as a second language reading textbooks

vi, 63 leaves ; 29 cm. --This study examines aspects of teaching reading in Japanese as a Second Language (JSL) in Japan. The objective of the study is to draw implications for helping JSL students to acquire critical reading skills that are essential for university studies. Examined are selected characteristics of eight JSL reading textbooks commonly used in preliminary courses for Japanese universities. Two major fmdings emerge. First, the texts reveal a preference for exercises and questions that overwhelmingly address superficial aspects of both the content of the text and its linguistic elements. Second, elements of critical analysis are virtually absent in the texts. The study concludes that, to make progress in teaching critical reading skills in JSL classrooms, teachers will need to reflect deliberately on their reading style, making an effort to view texts critically. Beyond that, textbook authors will need to revise substantially their suggested exercises by downplaying rote comprehension and accenting analysis and interpretation.Page numbers partially cut off Page 10, 21, 33, 46; shaded areas in graphs - can't read some numbers

Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP): Report of a case manifested as a mediastinal mass and multiple pulmonary nodules and review of literature

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm of soft tissue without bone marrow involvement or other systemic characteristics of multiple myeloma</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 42 year-old woman presented with intermittent dry cough of 10 months duration. Her breathing sound was slightly coarse without rales or rhonchi on auscultation. CT scan revealed a right anterior mediastinal shadow with multiple pulmonary nodular lesions. A video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed. Histopathology showed it to be a myeloma.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This is the first presentation of EMP with a mediastinal mass with multiple pulmonary nodules.</p

Academic Writing Skills : Japanese as a Second Language Students in HGU

This study examines the problems that Japanese as a second language (JSL) students have with academic writing in Japanese universities as well as the more general area of writing requirements in subject-area courses. The authors of this paper teach Japanese and English to international students in a Japanese university. This study was conducted to provide JSL teachers with information concerning the realities of writing assignments, along with associated problems, that JSL students face outside of JSL classes: information that is important for gauging the degree of success that JSL writing courses have achieved in preparing students for writing across the university curriculum

ヒザ カンセツ シネMRI システム ノ カイハツ ト ソノ リンシヨウ オウヨウ ニ カンスル ケンキユウ

本論文では、膝関節とMRIおよび動的解析の関連について第2章にて述べる。医用機器としてのMRIの開発とMRIの基本原理とパルス系列については、第3章で述べる。本研究にて採用したシネMRIの概要とゲーティング方法は第4章にて、膝関節の駆動システム開発とその試作機の性能向上については第5章にて述べる。第6章では、シネMRIのプロトコール作成に不可欠な最適パルス系列の決定について述べる。そしてこの膝関節のシネMRIシステムの実際の応用を、正常膝関節について第7章で、病的膝関節について第8章で論ずる。また、膝関節のシネMRIの有用性を検討するために、三次元元MR画像による静止画像との比較を第9章にて、コマ送り画像との比較を第10章にて臨床例を用いて検討する。最後に第11章にて膝関節のシネMRIに関する本論文の総括を行う。筑波大学博士 (医学) 学位論文・平成4年3月25日授与 (甲第1011号

Alcohol use and its associated factors during pregnancy in Ethiopia: a population-based survey

Abstract Background: Alcohol use during pregnancy is a modifiable health behavior that causes a range of health problems in infants, including impaired growth, stillbirth, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. However, there is lack of comprehensive information on alcohol use and associated factors during pregnancy using a population-based dataset in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy and associated factors using a national, population-based survey.Methods: The study utilized data from the 2011 and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey conducted on a nationally representative sample. The survey employed a multistage cluster sampling method to generate representative national and sub-national health and health related indicators. A total of 2,341 pregnant women were included in the analysis. Factors associated with alcohol use were identified using multivariable logistic regression model. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed to quantify the degree of association between independent variables and alcohol use.Results: In Ethiopia, the prevalence of alcohol use among pregnant women was 30.2% (95% CI: 28.4%-32.2%). The study identified that being employed (AOR: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.55-2.77), ever attempted termination of pregnancy (AOR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.60-3.05), having two (AOR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.76-3.72), or three (AOR: 2.98; 95% CI: 1.40-6.35) sexual partners in lifetime and chat chewing (AOR: 8.91; 95% CI: 4.61-17.23) had increased the odds of alcohol use during pregnancy.Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy among Ethiopian mothers was high. Working status, ever used something to terminate the pregnancy, more than one lifetime partner, and chat chewing were factors associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. Thus, prevention interventions and strategies can draw on the identified modifiable health behaviors.</jats:p