Interprofessional education in Japanese university nursing programs : Current status and evaluation of its impact

This study was aimed to identify the current status and the evaluation of the impact of interprofessional education (IPE) on nursing education in Japanese universities. Two hundred Japanese universities with nursing programs were the target of this study. Backward Binary Logistic Regression Analysis (Pin = 0.14, Pout = 0.15) was performed to determine the relationship between subjective evaluations of IPE and 24 indices such as the founding year of the university and the department of nursing, and the participation or nonparticipation of departments and each profession. One hundred ten valid responses (55.0%) were collected. Among those responses, 58 universities implemented IPE (52.7%) and 52 did not have an IPE program at their institute (47.3%). These results indicated that the significance of IPE program on nursing education tended to be highly evaluated when students of the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, and Occupational Therapy participated in the program, whereas the significance of IPE tended to be considered low with the participation of students of the Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences. Regarding the treatment or support of their clients (i.e., patients), when the IPE participating students shared the areas of responsibility of their intended professions, the impact of IPE was more likely to have the high evaluation score. On the contrary, the tendency of the Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences (DSL&HS) indicated that the significance of IPE received low evaluations due to the low recognition by other professions for the contents of DSL&HS’s high expertise

siVirus: web-based antiviral siRNA design software for highly divergent viral sequences

siVirus () is a web-based online software system that provides efficient short interfering RNA (siRNA) design for antiviral RNA interference (RNAi). siVirus searches for functional, off-target minimized siRNAs targeting highly conserved regions of divergent viral sequences. These siRNAs are expected to resist viral mutational escape, since their highly conserved targets likely contain structurally/functionally constrained elements. siVirus will be a useful tool for designing optimal siRNAs targeting highly divergent pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), influenza virus and SARS coronavirus, all of which pose enormous threats to global human health

Distance determination of molecular clouds in the 1st quadrant of the Galactic plane using deep learning : I. Method and Results

Machine learning has been successfully applied in varied field but whether it is a viable tool for determining the distance to molecular clouds in the Galaxy is an open question. In the Galaxy, the kinematic distance is commonly employed as the distance to a molecular cloud. However, there is a problem in that for the inner Galaxy, two different solutions, the ``Near'' solution, and the ``Far'' solution, can be derived simultaneously. We attempted to construct a two-class (``Near'' or ``Far'') inference model using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a form of deep learning that can capture spatial features generally. In this study, we used the CO dataset toward the 1st quadrant of the Galactic plane obtained with the Nobeyama 45-m radio telescope (l = 62-10 degree, |b| < 1 degree). In the model, we applied the three-dimensional distribution (position-position-velocity) of the 12CO (J=1-0) emissions as the main input. The dataset with ``Near'' or ``Far'' annotation was made from the HII region catalog of the infrared astronomy satellite WISE to train the model. As a result, we could construct a CNN model with a 76% accuracy rate on the training dataset. By using the model, we determined the distance to molecular clouds identified by the CLUMPFIND algorithm. We found that the mass of the molecular clouds with a distance of < 8.15 kpc identified in the 12CO data follows a power-law distribution with an index of about -2.3 in the mass range of M >10^3 Msun. Also, the detailed molecular gas distribution of the Galaxy as seen from the Galactic North pole was determined.Comment: 29 pages, 12 figure

Retrospective chart review of oral somatic delusions

Objective: Oral cenesthopathy is characterized by foreign body sensations without medical and dental evidence for them. It is thought to be a rare disease in psychiatry, but many patients are visiting dental clinics seeking treatment to remove a foreign body. Even though the features of oral cenesthopathy might be different between a psychiatric clinic and a dental clinic, there has been no clinico-statistical study from dentists. In this study, we report a clinico-statistical study of patients with oral cenesthopathy in dentistry. Methods: This is a retrospective chart review of 606 outpatients with oral cenesthopathy in Tokyo Medical and Dental University from April 2010 through to March 2015. Results: A total of 159 male and 447 female patients were included in this study. The mean age was 62.08 years, and female patients were older than male patients. The trigger of the dental treatment and the acute phase of depression at the onset were significantly related (p=0.037). Only 128 patients (36%) had clinically significant improvement after 6 months of pharmacotherapy. No history of psychiatric disorders (odds ratio [OR] 0.479 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.262–0.875], p=0.017) and longer duration of illness (>18 months) (OR 2.626 [95% CI: 1.437–4.799], p=0.002) were significant factors for clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Patients with oral cenesthopathy in our clinic were predominantly elderly female patients. Dental treatment in the acute phase of depression might be a risk factor for oral cenesthopathy. Therefore, comprehending the situation of psychiatric disorder and obtaining adequate informed consent might be required to prevent the trouble concerning oral cenesthopathy

教師の対人ストレス方略の臨床心理学的研究(3) ― 養育者を対象とする典型場面の抽出に向けて ―

This study is the first step towards the reconstruction of a typical stressful situation for teachers and involving parents The study is designed for the formulation of "Response construction method for the teachers\u27 stress coping strategies" In this study, a clinical personality assessment method (Kotani, 1993; Kotani et. al., 1998) is applied as an effective classification which is dynamic rather than static and to illustrate objects\u27 self-propelling change processes. As a result, it is suggested that the clinical assessment method is useful for the illustration of various transactional qualities between teachers and parents. Moreover, it is suggested that teachers feel stress when parents tend to have narcissistic and antisocial personality styles

教師の対人ストレス方略の臨床心理学的研究(1) ―実態調査にもとづく基礎研究―

A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect basic data regarding the objects (stressors) of teachers\u27 interpersonal stress and their ways of coping with them. The data clearly indicate that teachers felt colleagues to be the most stressful among four categories of objects, namely, students, colleagues, supervisors and caretakers of students. Furthermore, teachers recognized the typical type of stressors as narcissistic across all categories of objects. As for the coping resource system, it is suggested that the capability of the individual system needs to be enhanced by means of a workshop in order for the interpersonal system to be utilized more efficiently as a coping resource system. In particular, the task of improving the school organizational system as a supra-system for the colleagial system becomes apparent. This is because the school organizational system functions to protect and develop the colleagial system as its supra-system, and the colleague system, used frequently and usefully, can work against teachers\u27 stress levels. As for their coping modalities, the proportion of the teachers selecting "approach" rather than "avoidance" as an ideal way coping showed an increase, despite the fact that the former is less useful than the latter. This can be interpreted to suggest the seriousness and strong problem-solving orientation of the teachers, as well as the weak structure of mutual support in the group. In addition, the importance of sophisticating and developing a "space-making" coping modality is indicated. In view of the above, it appears necessary to develop a stress management program for teachers which enables more sophisticated and autonomous coping, by placing the colleague system as the central coping resource system and by developing a "space-making" coping modality

教師の対人ストレス対処方略に関する臨床心理学的研究(4) ― 児童・生徒との関係におけるストレスと対処方略の類型化の試み ―

This study examined teachers\u27 cognitive framework for interpersonal stress caused by students and their coping strategies by using free-writing questionnaire method. Students whom teachers felt to be stressful were classified into four types. It showed that the more aggressive students were the more anger and depressive feeling teachers felt. It is suggested that each type is deeply connected with teachers\u27 "demand for maintenance of the norm" and that the viewpoint "whether students obey the norm or not" works strongly as the teachers\u27 cognitive framework. Furthermore, the inner and outer demand for maintenance of norms may make teachers more nervous and could be a background factor for their stress. Coping strategies are classified into four categories, among them "consultation" strategy was most frequently used and consultation for emotional support indicated high effectiveness. Establishing collaborative relationship among teachers, separating cognition of student\u27s misbehavior from teacher\u27s feelings, and flexibly reconstructing the cognitive framework into a new one on the basis of understanding student behavior was found to be very effective in the process for relating to students and decreasing stress. Further research from this standpoint can explore the collegial relationship as a support resource and method for augmenting teachers\u27 ability