INVESTIGATION OF CAPACITY GAINS IN MIMO CORRELATED RICIAN FADING CHANNELS SYSTEMS

This paper investigate the effect of Rician fading and correlation on the capacity and diversity of MIMO channels. The use of antenna arrays at both sides of the wireless communication link (MIMO systems) can increase channel capacity provided the propagation medium is rich scattering or Rayleigh fading and the antenna arrays at both sides are uncorrelated. However, the presence of line-of-sight (LOS) component and correlation of real world wireless channels may affect the system performance. Along with that we also investigate power distribution methods for higher capacity gains and effect of CSI at the transmitter on the capacity for range of SNR. Our investigation follows capacity gain as function of number of antennas and signal-to-noise (SNR) power ratio Block and frequency nonselective Rician fading channel is assumed, and the effect of Rician factor (L) and the correlation parameter (ρ) on the capacity and diversity gains of MIMO channels are found. Inde

Box-Behnkenov eksperimentalni dizajn u izradi pektin-kompritol ATO 888 obloženih tableta za ciljanu isporuku mesalamina u kolon

The aim of this study was to investigate the combined influence of 3 independent variables in the compression coated tablet of mesalamine for ulcerative colitis. A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was used to derive a second order polynomial equation and construct contour plots to predict responses. The independent variables selected were: percentage of polymers (pectin and compritol ATO 888) in compression coating (X1), coating mass (X2) and coating force (X3). Fifteen batches were prepared and evaluated for percent of drug released in 5 h (Y5), time required for 50 % mesalamine to disolve (t50) with rat cecal (RC) content and without rat cecal content (t50), percent of drug released in 24 h in the presence of rat cecal content (Y24 with RC). Transformed values of independent and dependent variables were subjected to multiple regressions to establish a full-model second-order polynomial equation. F was calculated to confirm the omission of insignificant terms from the full-model equation. The computer optimization process and contour plots predicted the levels of independent variables X1, X2, and X3 (0, 0.2 and –0.15 respectively) for colon targeting and total percent of drug released up to 24 h.Cilj rada bio je ispitati utjecaj tri nezavisne varijable u obloženim tabletama mesalamina za ulcerativni kolitis. 3-faktorijalni, Box-Behnkenov dizajn na 3 nivoa upotrijebljen je za dobivanje polinomske jednadžbe drugog reda i konstruiranje konturnih krivulja za predviđanje odgovora. Izabrane nezavisne varijable bile su: udio polimera (pektin i kompritol ATO 888) u oblaganju kompresijom (X1), masa tvari za oblaganje (X2) i sila za oblaganje (X3). Izrađeno je petnaest pripravaka kojima su ispitani sljedeći parametri: udio lijeka oslobođenog nakon 5 h (Y5), vrijeme potrebno za otapanje 50 % mesalamina (t50) uz i bez prisutnosti crijevnog sadržaja štakora (RC), postotak oslobođenog lijeka tijekom 24 h u prisutnosti crijevnog sadržaja (Y24 uz RC). Transformirane vrijednosti nezavisnih i zavisnih varijabla podvrgnute su višestrukoj regresijskoj analizi da se odredi polinomska jednadžba drugog reda potpunog modela. F vrijednost izračunata je da se potvrdi izostavljanje neznačajnih članova iz jednadžbe potpunog modela. Kompjutorski optimizirani proces i krivulje predviđaju nezavisne varijable X1, X2 i X3 (0, 0,2, odnosno –0,15) za ciljanu isporuku u kolon i ukupni postotak lijeka oslobođenog tijekom 24 h

Stress Fractures of the Elbow in the Throwing Athlete: A Systematic Review.

Background: Stress fractures of the elbow are rare in throwing athletes and present a challenge from both a management and rehabilitation perspective. Although the incidence of stress fractures of the elbow is increasing, there is a lack of data in the literature focused on throwers. Purpose: To evaluate studies regarding the management and outcomes of stress fractures of the elbow in throwing athletes. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching the Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library electronic databases to identify studies reporting on the management and outcomes of stress fractures in overhead-throwing athletes. Management data included nonoperative and operative modalities, and outcome data included return to play, encompassing the timing and level of activity. Studies were excluded if the stress fracture of the elbow was not a result of a sport injury attributed to throwing or if the study failed to report whether an athlete returned to play. Results: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this analysis. There were 52 patients in total (50 male, 2 female) with a mean age of 19.7 years (range, 13-29.1 years). The olecranon was the most common location of the stress fracture (51 patients; 98.1%), followed by the distal humerus (1 patient; 1.9%). The majority of patients (n = 40; 76.9%) were treated operatively. Of the 40 patients who were treated surgically, 14 (35.0%) underwent a period of conservative treatment preoperatively that ultimately failed because of persistent nonunion or continued elbow pain. A total of 50 patients (96.2%) returned to sport either at or above their preinjury level. Of the 2 patients (3.8%) who did not return to sport, 1 did not return because of continued elbow pain postoperatively, and the other was lost to follow-up. Complications occurred in 9 patients (17.3%), all of whom were treated surgically. Conclusion: On the basis of this systematic review, the majority of elbow stress fractures were treated operatively and approximately one-third after a period of failed nonoperative management. The return-to-sport rate was high. Further, higher level studies are needed to optimize management and return-to-sport rates in this population

Trousseau’s sign in orthopedic: a rare sequelae of inadequate postoperative pain management

Background: Pain management in orthopedic is very crucial matter to handle, which is many a times not managed properly and that leads to various medical complications to the patients. Trousseau sign of latent tetany is a medical sign observed in patients with low calcium. This is the first and one of a kind case series describing the development and pathogenesis of Trousseau sign in orthopedics.Methods: This is a case series of 5 patients with lower limb fractures who underwent surgery. All these patients developed Trousseau's sign in immediate postoperative period. All the patients were investigated and were diagnosed with respiratory alkalosis. They were managed with closed bag ventilation which relieved the symptoms.Results: Here we put forward a direct physiological and psychological relation between a low pain threshold and associated hyperventilation with lead to development of Trousseau's sign in our patients. So, next time in postoperative round, if we see patient hyperventilating and complaining about fixed hand’s position, do not start calcium gluconate drip immediately, it may be due to respiratory alkalosis, then closed bag ventilation would be suffice.Conclusions: Trousseau’s sign seen postoperatively in Orthopedics may be commonly due to inadequate pain management rather than altered calcium metabolism.

"Sleep disparity" in the population: poor sleep quality is strongly associated with poverty and ethnicity

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Little is known about the social determinants of sleep attainment. This study examines the relationship of race/ethnicity, socio-economic status (SES) and other factors upon sleep quality.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A cross-sectional survey of 9,714 randomly selected subjects was used to explore sleep quality obtained by self-report, in relation to socioeconomic factors including poverty, employment status, and education level. The primary outcome was poor sleep quality. Data were collected by the Philadelphia Health Management Corporation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Significant differences were observed in the outcome for race/ethnicity (African-American and Latino versus White: unadjusted OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.24-2.05 and OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.37-1.98, respectively) and income (below poverty threshold, unadjusted OR = 2.84, 95%CI 2.41-3.35). In multivariable modeling, health indicators significantly influenced sleep quality most prominently in poor individuals. After adjusting for socioeconomic factors (education, employment) and health indicators, the association of income and poor sleep quality diminished, but still persisted in poor Whites while it was no longer significant in poor African-Americans (adjusted OR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.47-2.58 versus OR = 1.16, 95% CI 0.87-1.54, respectively). Post-college education (adjusted OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.31-0.71) protected against poor sleep.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>A "sleep disparity" exists in the study population: poor sleep quality is strongly associated with poverty and race. Factors such as employment, education and health status, amongst others, significantly mediated this effect only in poor subjects, suggesting a differential vulnerability to these factors in poor relative to non-poor individuals in the context of sleep quality. Consideration of this could help optimize targeted interventions in certain groups and subsequently reduce the adverse societal effects of poor sleep.</p

Sooty Mangabey Genome Sequence Provides Insight into AIDS Resistance in a Natural SIV Host

In contrast to infections with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in macaques, SIV infection of a natural host, sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys), is non-pathogenic despite high viraemia. Here we sequenced and assembled the genome of a captive sooty mangabey. We conducted genome-wide comparative analyses of transcript assemblies from C. atys and AIDS-susceptible species, such as humans and macaques, to identify candidates for host genetic factors that influence susceptibility. We identified several immune-related genes in the genome of C. atys that show substantial sequence divergence from macaques or humans. One of these sequence divergences, a C-terminal frameshift in the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) gene of C. atys, is associated with a blunted in vitro response to TLR-4 ligands. In addition, we found a major structural change in exons 3-4 of the immune-regulatory protein intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (ICAM-2); expression of this variant leads to reduced cell surface expression of ICAM-2. These data provide a resource for comparative genomic studies of HIV and/or SIV pathogenesis and may help to elucidate the mechanisms by which SIV-infected sooty mangabeys avoid AIDS

ICA aneurysm surgically treated utilizing a choroidal to PCOM bypass and vein bypass

This video shows the surgical repair of a 2.3 cm ICA aneurysm found in a 58-year-old woman, who presented for right eye vision changes. The patient underwent a right modified orbitozygomatic craniotomy and saphenous vein bypass from the common carotid to the temporal M2. The aneurysm was then opened and repaired. However, since the anterior choroidal artery was not filling, a salvage bypass between the anterior choroidal and the PCOM was done. Both bypasses were patent and the patient has done well with a mRS of 1 for vision symptoms. The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/ciMyzfXgo8l.1 page(s

Comments : basilar tip aneurysms: a microsurgical and endovascular contemporary series of 100 patients

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Box-Behnken experimental design in the development of pectin-compritol ATO 888 compression coated colon targeted drug delivery of mesalamine

A novel oral colon-specific drug delivery system (CDDS) has been developed as one of the site-specific drug delivery systems. This delivery system, by means of combining one or more controlled release mechanisms, hardly releases the drug in the upper part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, but rapidly releases drug in the colon following oral administration. The necessity and advantage of CDDS have been recognized and reviewed recently (1-3). Owing to CDDS specifically delivering the drug to the colon, many bene- The aim of this study was to investigate the combined influence of 3 independent variables in the compression coated tablet of mesalamine for ulcerative colitis. A 3--factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was used to derive a second order polynomial equation and construct contour plots to predict responses. The independent variables selected were: percentage of polymers (pectin and compritol ATO 888) in compression coating (X 1 ), coating mass (X 2 ) and coating force (X 3 ). Fifteen batches were prepared and evaluated for percent of drug released in 5 h (Y 5 ), time required for 50 % mesalamine to dissolve (t 50 ) with rat cecal (RC) content and without rat cecal content (t 50 ), percent of drug released in 24 h in the presence of rat cecal content (Y 24 with RC). Transformed values of independent and dependent variables were subjected to multiple regressions to establish a full-model second-order polynomial equation. F was calculated to confirm the omission of insignificant terms from the full-model equation. The computer optimization process and contour plots predicted the levels of independent variables X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 (0, 0.2 and -0.15, respectively) for colon targeting and total percent of drug released up to 24 h

Reaction of 3-aminocyclohex-2-en-1-ones with arylidenemalononitriles: Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of some new quinoline bearing pyrazole nucleus

1170-1173A new series of quinoline bearing pyrazole nucleus D1-36 have been prepared in one pot by condensing various arylidenemalononitriles A1-3 and 3-aminocyclohex-2-en-1-ones B1-12 in alcohol and in the presence of catalytic amount of piperidine. All the compounds have been characterized by their percentage yield, melting point, elemental analysis, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra and IR spectra. These compounds have been screened for their antimicrobial activities.</i