Laser-Plasma Interactions Enabled by Emerging Technologies

An overview from the past and an outlook for the future of fundamental laser-plasma interactions research enabled by emerging laser systems

Jugoslavija u međunarodnoj trgovini ribom, ribljim proizvodima i prerađevinama

Sulfonamides are profoundly important in pharmaceutical design. C–N cross-coupling of sulfonamides is an effective method for fragment coupling and structure–activity relationship (SAR) mining. However, cross-coupling of the important <i>N</i>-arylsulfonamide pharmacophore has been notably unsuccessful. Here, we present a solution to this problem via oxidative Cu-catalysis (Chan–Lam cross-coupling). Mechanistic insight has allowed the discovery and refinement of an effective cationic Cu catalyst to facilitate the practical and scalable Chan–Lam <i>N</i>-arylation of primary and secondary <i>N</i>-arylsulfonamides at room temperature. We also demonstrate utility in the large scale synthesis of a key intermediate to a clinical hepatitis C virus treatment

Lawson criterion for ignition exceeded in an inertial fusion experiment

For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion

Letter from Albert E. Nilson

Letter concerning the modern languages department

Letter from Albert E. Nilson

Letter concerning results obtained by the committee on attendance at Utah Agricultural College