Detection of a conformational change in Gγ upon binding Gβ in living cells

AbstractInteraction induced changes in the conformation of proteins are frequently the molecular basis for the modulation of their activities. Although proteins perform their functions in cells, surrounded by many potential interaction partners, the studies of their conformational changes have been mainly restricted to in vitro studies. Ste4p (Gβ) and Ste18p (Gγ) are the subunits of a heterotrimeric G-protein in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A split-ubiquitin based conformational sensor was used to detect a major structural rearrangement in Ste18p upon binding to Ste4p. Based on these in vivo results and the solved structure of the mammalian Gβγ, we propose that Gγ of yeast adopts an equally extended structure, which is only induced upon association with Gβ

Production scheduling in the process industry

The purpose of this paper is to formulate an optimization model for the production scheduling problem at continuous production sites. The production scheduling activity should produce a monthly schedule that accounts for orders and forecasts of all products. The plan should be updated every day, with feedback on the actual production the previous day. The actual daily production may be lower than the planned production due to disturbances, e.g. disruptions in the supply of a utility. The work is performed in collaboration with Perstorp, a world-leading company within several sectors of the specialty chemicals market. Together with Perstorp, a list of specifications for the production scheduling has been formulated. These are formulated mathematically in a mixed-integer linear program that is solved in receding horizon fashion. The formulation of the model aims to be general, such that it may be used for any process industrial site

A fusion of disciplines: Chemical approaches to exploit fusion proteins for functional genomics

A review of recent developments in the labeling of fusion proteins with synthetic mols. in the living cell or in complex mixts. The most commonly used tags are presented and then focuses on a new class of tags that are not limited to their genetically encoded function but rather serves as general acceptors for synthetic mols. The tetracysteine tag, which reversibly binds to biarsenical compds., and the human O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase tag, which is irreversibly alkylated by benzylguanine derivs., are prototypes of this approach. Both provide the resp. fusion protein with functionalities that can not be genetically encoded and thereby complement the properties of the traditional fusion proteins. [on SciFinder (R)

Protein chemistry on the surface of living cells

A review. The interplay between carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins dets. the stability and flexibility as well as the adhesive and responsive features of the surfaces of all cells. The mol. understanding of the interactions among and between the different classes of these biomols. is rudimentary at best, a lack of suitable exptl. methods being the major reason. Here we discuss a new approach for the specific labeling of fusion proteins of carrier proteins with synthetic compds. on cell surfaces and describe how this approach can be used to investigate the properties of the labeled mols. [on SciFinder (R)

Patterns of E-Scooter Use in Combination with Public Transport

Shared e-scooters may complement public transport by offering a solution to the first/last mile problem by easing, or increasing the radius of, access and egress trips. We have gathered real time e-scooter supply and demand data and performed a web survey of e-scooter users in Oslo, Norway. We find that e-scooters stand out as a popular first/last mile mode to many public transport passengers. E-scooters can play an even stronger such role if the two modes are integrated further.acceptedVersio

A discontinuous epitope on p36, the major substrate of src tyrosine-protein-kinase, brings the phosphorylation site into the neighborhood of a consensus sequence for calcium/lipid-binding proteins

Previous models of protein p36 based on proteolytic fragments describe the tail and core as 2 noninteracting domains. However, monoclonal antibody H28 recognized a discontinuous epitope, which covers the peptide segments around serine-25 in the tail and around glutamate-65 in the core of porcine p36. Thus, the phosphorylatable tyrosine-23 is much closer to the 1st consensus sequence (residues 46-62) of Ca2+/lipid-binding proteins than previously thought. This apposition is in line with biochem. expts. indicating an influence of core ligands on tyrosine phosphorylation and an enhanced Ca2+ requirement of the modified p36 in phospholipid binding. [on SciFinder (R)

Transforming a (beta/alpha)8-Barrel Enzyme into a Split-Protein Sensor through Directed Evolution

Split-protein sensors have become an important tool for the anal. of protein-protein interactions in living cells. We present here a combinatorial method for the generation of new split-protein sensors and demonstrate its application toward the (b/a)8-barrel enzyme N-(5'-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate isomerase Trp1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The generated split-Trp protein sensors allow for the detection of protein-protein interactions in the cytosol as well as the membrane by enabling trp1 cells to grow on medium lacking tryptophan. This powerful selection complements the repertoire of the currently used split-protein sensors and provides a new tool for high-throughput interaction screening. [on SciFinder (R)

La lògica borrosa i IA

Conferència a càrrec de Pere García de l'Institut d'Investigació en Intel·ligència Artificial del CSIC sobre lògica borrosa i intel·ligència artificia