The Indian Mission of the Institute of Blessed Virgin Mary (IBVM) Nuns: Convents, Curriculum, and Indian Women

This study focuses on the Indian mission of IBVM nuns, and the role played by them in the spread of female education in India. While acknowledging that missionaries were part of the imperial process, this study analyzes the work of Catholic nuns in India, their convents, and curriculum to show how their work advanced women\u27s educational opportunities in India. In the process the study examines how Catholic nuns resisted the dominating attitude of the Catholic Church in India. The last section of the article examines how Christian influence under missionaries not only prepared good mothers and wives but also trained Indian women to defy tradition and become economically independent. By evaluating both the contributions and the limitations of the work of IBVM nuns this article shows the complex nature of their work under colonial rule, their confrontations with the Christian patriarchs andefforts to fight for the rights of colonized women

The Indian Mission of the Institute of Blessed Virgin Mary (IBVM) Nuns: Convents, Curriculum, and Indian Women

This study focuses on the Indian mission of IBVM nuns, and the role played by them in the spread of female education in India. While acknowledging that missionaries were part of the imperial process, this study analyzes the work of Catholic nuns in India, their convents, and curriculum to show how their work advanced women’s educational opportunities in India. In the process the study examines how Catholic nuns resisted the dominating attitude of the Catholic Church in India. The last section of the article examines how Christian influence under missionaries not only prepared good mothers and wives but also trained Indian women to defy tradition and become economically independent. By evaluating both the contributions and the limitations of the work of IBVM nuns this article shows the complex nature of their work under colonial rule, their confrontations with the Christian patriarchs and efforts to fight for the rights of colonized women

South Asian Feminisms and Youth Activism: Focus on India and Pakistan

These are turbulent times for the many countries that form the Global South. South Asian nation-states are no exception; the last half century has ushered in liberalization of economies, forced structural adjustments, climate chaos, criminalization of indigenous and lower caste populations, and rapid technological changes. All these forces have resulted in massive upheavals often manifested in political, economic, and social crises. Experts observe that in times of instability, the most marginalized groups, already the target of social violence, are disproportionately subjected to enormous stress, anxiety, and insecurity. In South Asia, women, as one such group that faces multiple intersectional oppressions depending on class, caste, religious locations, etc. have been active participants on the frontlines of struggles for social justice and equity. In the new era of hardened nationalism and militarism, they have also been the targets of violence and brutality

Introduction: South Asian Feminisms and Youth Activism: Focus on India and Pakistan

These are turbulent times for the many countries that form the Global South. South Asian nation-states are no exception; the last half century has ushered in liberalization of economies, forced structural adjustments, climate chaos, criminalization of indigenous and lower caste populations, and rapid technological changes. All these forces have resulted in massive upheavals often manifested in political, economic, and social crises. Experts observe that in times of instability, the most marginalized groups, already the target of social violence, are disproportionately subjected to enormous stress, anxiety, and insecurity. In South Asia, women, as one such group that faces multiple intersectional oppressions depending on class, caste, religious locations, etc. have been active participants on the frontlines of struggles for social justice and equity. In the new era of hardened nationalism and militarism, they have also been the targets of violence and brutality

SILVER NANOPARTICLES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA – GREEN SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERISATION AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY

Abstract : The traditional medicinal plant Moringa oleifera is an integral part of the Indian diet and has notable beneficial effects in its leaves, stems, flowers, roots, bark and seeds. It has reported properties like antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, ant diabetic, anti oxidative, anti tumorogenic amongst many other properties. In the present study we have devised a new green method of synthesis of silver nanoparticles to evaluate its antimicrobial efficacy using the aqueous plant extract as the reductant as well as the stabilizer. A cold method of synthesis of silver nanoparticles using silver nitrate solution is performed. After the synthesis step, the nanoparticles are characterised using UV VIS spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show the incorporation of the silver ions in the extract and also the reduction of the particle size to the nano range. The antimicrobial potential of these nanoparticles synthesized is tested against various gram positive and gram negative strains of bacteria keeping streptomycin as the standard positive control antibiotic. The antibiotic assay is performed using agar well diffusion method and comparable results are obtained in comparison to the standard antibiotic. It is seen that the nanoparticles have good antibacterial efficacy against the tested strains. Hence nanoparticles of Moringa oleifera aqueous extracts can be used as a potential alternative to traditional antibiotics using this non toxic safe way of green synthesis. Keywords: Moringa oleifera, silver nanoparticles, antimicrobia

Syzygium Cumini Leaf Extract Showed Vibriocidal Activity on Selected Diarrhea Causing Bacteria

The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of ethanolic leaf extract (ELE) of Syzygium cumini against Vibrio cholerae particularly two serogroups Ogawa and Inaba. The phenolic content of the ELE was found high which is comparable to ascorbic acid. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was then performed to check the cytotoxic effects of ELE. The lower LC50 value of ELE obtained indicated its less cytotoxic properties. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was then evaluated by the disc diffusion method against multi-drug resistant Vibrio serogroups Ogawa and Inaba. The extract effectively inhibited the growth of both serogroups. Altogether, the results demonstrated that the ELE of S. cumini has a significant vibriocidal activity that might be useful as a drug for the treatment of cholera

Syzygium cumini Leaf Extract Showed Vibriocidal Activity on Selected Diarrhea Causing Bacteria

The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of ethanolic leaf extract (ELE) of Syzygium cumini against Vibrio cholerae particularly two serogroups Ogawa and Inaba. The phenolic content of the ELE was found high which is comparable to ascorbic acid. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay was then performed to check the cytotoxic effects of ELE. The lower LC50 value of ELE obtained indicated its less cytotoxic properties. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was then evaluated by the disc diffusion method against multi-drug resistant Vibrio serogroups Ogawa and Inaba. The extract effectively inhibited the growth of both serogroups. Altogether, the results demonstrated that the ELE of S. cumini has a significant vibriocidal activity that might be useful as a drug for the treatment of cholera

Towards a muon collider

A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10 TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work

Genome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation analysis provide insights into the pathogenesis of heart failure

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A small proportion of HF cases are attributable to monogenic cardiomyopathies and existing genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded only limited insights, leaving the observed heritability of HF largely unexplained. We report results from a GWAS meta-analysis of HF comprising 47,309 cases and 930,014 controls. Twelve independent variants at 11 genomic loci are associated with HF, all of which demonstrate one or more associations with coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation, or reduced left ventricular function, suggesting shared genetic aetiology. Functional analysis of non-CAD-associated loci implicate genes involved in cardiac development (MYOZ1, SYNPO2L), protein homoeostasis (BAG3), and cellular senescence (CDKN1A). Mendelian randomisation analysis supports causal roles for several HF risk factors, and demonstrates CAD-independent effects for atrial fibrillation, body mass index, and hypertension. These findings extend our knowledge of the pathways underlying HF and may inform new therapeutic strategies