The Prevalence of Neonatal Septicemia in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study

زمینه و هدف: سپتی سمی یکی از مهم ترین و شایع ترین بیماری های دوران نوزادی است،که با عوارض و مرگ و میر بالایی همراه است. در مقالات مختلف میزان شیوع سپتی سمی در نوزادانی که با شک سپسیس بستری شده بودند متفاوت گزارش شده است. هدف از این مطالعه برآورد شیوع کلی سپتی سمی نوزادان در ایران و بررسی روند کلی آن در کشور به روش مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز بود. روش بررسی: با استفاده از کلید واژه ای معتبر در بانک های اطلاعاتی داخلی و خارجی شامل , Sid, Magiran, Irandoc, Medlib, Iranmedex Medline, scopus,web of science, Cochrane, Pubmed, Springer, Science Direct و موتور جستجوگر و Googleschoolar صورت پذیرفت. نتایج مطالعات با استفاده ازمدل اثرات تصادفی متاآنالیز با هم ترکیب شدند. واریانس هر مطالعه با استفاده از توزیع دوجمله ای و ناهمگنی مطالعات با استفاده ازشاخص I2 محاسبه گردید. برای تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار Stata استفاده گردید. یافته ها: حجم نمونه در 26 مطالعه 13889 نفر بود. شیوع کلی سپسیس نوزادانی در ایران 3/14 (فاصله اطمینان 95: 7/16-12) برآورد شد. میزان شیوع سپسیس در پسران و دختران در 7 مطالعه با حجم نمونه 2268 نفر به ترتیب 7/26 (فاصله اطمینان 95: 2/40-3/13) و 3/23 ( فاصله اطمینان 95: 2/34-4/12) برآورد گردید. نمودار متارگرسیون نشان داد که میزان شیوع سپتی سمی در طی سال ها 1389-1375 کاهش یافته است، ولی این کاهش از لحاظ آماری معنی دار نبوده است. نتیجه گیری: سپتی سمی نوزادی در کشور ما از شیوع بالایی برخوردار است. با آموزش پرسنلی که در بخش نوزادان و NICU ها حضور دارند می توان تا حد زیادی از بروز و ابتلا نوزادان به سپسیس جلوگیری کرد

Frequency of Kidney Stone Different Compositions in Patients Referred to a Lithotripsy Center in Ilam, West of Iran

Introduction: Ilam is one of the provinces with the highest prevalence of kidney stone. The aim of this study was to calculate the frequency percentage of kidney stones by composition in Ilam.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 160 patients referred to the lithotripsy center of Ilam for the treatment of kidney stones from 2014 to 2015 (9 months). A two-part questionnaire including demographic information and stone type was used for collecting data. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed with SPSS version 17.Results: The frequency of kidney stones was 68% in men and 31.8% in women. The prevalence of kidney stones was higher in men than women, but there was no significant relationship between gender and the stone type. The highest prevalence of the stone was in the age group 31-41 years (33.7%) and there was a significant relationship between age and the stone type (P=0.001). The frequency of calcium oxalate (CaOx), mixed, uric acid, and cysteine kidney stones was 61.25%, 36.25%, 1.9%, and 0.6%, respectively. The most prevalent mixed stone was uric acid together with calcium oxalate stones (21.8%) followed by CaOx together with calcium phosphate stones (10.6%).Conclusions: The prevalence of CaOx and uric acid and CaOx stones was high. It is likely the increase in mixed stones in Ilam, especially uric acid and CaOx stones, is due to the nutritional pattern of subjects. More studies are required to determine the relationship between the stone type and diet in this area.Keywords: Kidney stones; Nephrolithiasis; Urolithiasis; Calcium phosphate; Calcium oxalate; Struvite; Uric aci

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage of physicians and nurses in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis study

Background and Aim: Iranian physicians and nurses are not aware of the total extent of  HB vaccination, as the most effective way of preventing HBV infection. The current review study aimed at determining the extent of HB vaccination in these two groups. Materials and Methods: The current study was done on the basis of received information from Magiran, Iran medex, IranDoc, SID, Medlib and international databases including Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, Science Direct and also  Google Scholar searching motor between . 1993 and 2015, using standard key words. Searching and extraction of data was independently done by two . reviewers. Then, the reviewed articles that had the inclusion criteria were studied. The obtained  data was analyzed by means of random effect model and meta-analyses method, using Stata software (Ver:11.1) Results: A total of 4104 subjects were studied in 16 articles. . Hepatitis B vaccination history in physicians and nurses were 88.7% (CI: 95%: 81.4-96) and 93.5% (CI: 95%: 65.3-86.7), respectively. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage of physicians and nurses was estimated to be 73.1 %( CI: 95%: 53.2-92.9) and 76% (CI: 95%: 65.3-86.7), respectively. The relationship between hepatitis B vaccinations coverage with the year of study  in physicians  was not statistically significant (P=0.146). But, in nurses this relationship was significant (P=0.016). Conclusion: The obtained results show in spite of the fact that  approximately two-thirds of physicians  and nurses have their complete  vaccination plan this fraction is far from an ideal state and it requires to be promoted